7,345 research outputs found
Contemporary Debates in Bioethics: European Perspectives
The volume aims to capture a European gist of theoretical sensibilities, conceptual resources, and research interests, but not in an adversarial way, as opposed to American bioethics. The volume gathers contributions from European scholars as they collaborate and form a research network, drawing on a diversity of philosophical traditions and local knowledge, with the aim of debating universal bioethical problems
The Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine and Parental Hesitancy: The Worldâs Unspoken Pandemic
The Measles-Mumps-Rubella vaccine (MMR) is a proven necessity for the prevention of measles, mumps, and rubella, which possess severe and possibly life-threatening complications. However, the means in which these vaccines are produced, mandated, or scheduled raise certain concerns within the medical and pharmaceutical consumer community. In fact, there are various communities around the globe that willfully choose to refuse the MMR vaccine, along with many other pediatric vaccinations, resulting in diminished vaccination rates and risk of possible outbreak of any of these three diseases. With this impending threat on the rise, it is necessary to engage in research to best understand the reasoning for parental vaccine refusal and address alternative research approaches for this vital immunization series
Contemporary Debates in Bioethics: European Perspectives
The volume aims to capture a European gist of theoretical sensibilities, conceptual resources, and research interests, but not in an adversarial way, as opposed to American bioethics. The volume gathers contributions from European scholars as they collaborate and form a research network, drawing on a diversity of philosophical traditions and local knowledge, with the aim of debating universal bioethical problems
Apperceptive patterning: Artefaction, extensional beliefs and cognitive scaffolding
In âPsychopower and Ordinary Madnessâ my ambition, as it relates to Bernard Stieglerâs recent literature, was twofold: 1) critiquing Stieglerâs work on exosomatization and artefactual posthumanismâor, more specifically, nonhumanismâto problematize approaches to media archaeology that rely upon technical exteriorization; 2) challenging how Stiegler engages with Giuseppe Longo and Francis Baillyâs conception of negative entropy. These efforts were directed by a prevalent techno-cultural qualifier: the rise of Synthetic Intelligence (including neural nets, deep learning, predictive processing and Bayesian models of cognition). This paper continues this project but first directs a critical analytic lens at the Derridean practice of the ontologization of grammatization from which Stiegler emerges while also distinguishing how metalanguages operate in relation to object-oriented environmental interaction by way of inferentialism. Stalking continental (Kapp, Simondon, Leroi-Gourhan, etc.) and analytic traditions (e.g., Carnap, Chalmers, Clark, Sutton, Novaes, etc.), we move from artefacts to AI and Predictive Processing so as to link theories related to technicity with philosophy of mind. Simultaneously drawing forth Robert Brandomâs conceptualization of the roles that commitments play in retrospectively reconstructing the social experiences that lead to our endorsement(s) of norms, we compliment this account with Reza Negarestaniâs deprivatized account of intelligence while analyzing the equipollent role between language and media (both digital and analog)
Aerospace medicine and biology: A continuing bibliography with indexes (supplement 335)
This bibliography lists 143 reports, articles and other documents introduced into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information System during March, 1990. Subject coverage includes: aerospace medicine and psychology, life support systems and controlled environments, safety equipment, exobiology and extraterrestrial life, and flight crew behavior and performance
Development of an ontology for the inclusion of app users with visual impairments
Approximately 15% of the worldâs population have some form of disability and the majority
use apps on their mobile devices to help them in their daily lives with communication, healthcare, or for
entertainment purposes. It is not, however, easy for users with impairments to choose the most suitable apps
since this will depend on their particular personal characteristics or circumstances in a specific context, and
because such users require apps with certain accessibility features which are not always specified in the app
description. In order to overcome such difficulties, it is necessary to obtain a user profile that gathers the
userâs personal details, abilities, disabilities, skills, and interests to facilitate selection. The basis for our
research work is to develop an app that recommends a set of apps to users with disabilities. In this respect,
the focus of this paper is to obtain a semantic user profile model on which more precise search requests can
be performed. The disability we have chosen to concentrate on is that of visual impairment. We propose an
ontology-based user profile that matches usersâ characteristics, disabilities, and interests, and which not
only simplifies the classification process but also provides a mechanism for linking them with existing
disability ontologies, assistive devices, accessibility concepts, etc. Moreover, thanks to the inclusion of
semantic relations and rules, it is possible to reason and infer new information that can be used to make
more personalized recommendations than a simple app store search.Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Agencia Estatal de Investigacion)
PID2019-109644RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/50110001103
Changing Medical Education: Early Efforts to Integrate Women\u27s Health Into Education and Training
This is an historical study about the development of womenâs health curricula in medical education across the U.S. between 1983 and 2004, a period of a great deal of innovation. At that time, some physicians, medical educators, policy makers, and government officials became aware that most U.S. medical school curricula did not address womenâs health in a comprehensive manner and did not attend to many problems that were the primary causes of mortality and morbidity in women. In addition, medical research and medical education were based on a normative male model. Studies of medical education indicate that medical schools are particularly resistant to changing their curricula.
It has been posited that the hidden curriculum makes curricular change difficult. My work addresses how curricular change is possible in relation to womenâs health. Between 2001 and 2004, I interviewed 29 womenâs health leaders across the U.S. about their efforts to create womenâs health programs and curricula, encompassing undergraduate, graduate, and continuing medical education. The empirical issues that I address are: how my respondents became aware that there were problems in womenâs health, what they did/created, how they did it, and what type of resistance they encountered.
My respondents differed in their understanding about womenâs health based on their life experiences. They learned about womenâs healthcare and implemented that knowledge into their teaching and curricular development and created interdisciplinary curricula. They established their own credibility, the legitimacy of their efforts, and they mobilized resources. They encountered gender based resistance from other individuals and from the system of medical education. My work contributes to our understanding of how curricular change is possible within medical education, especially as it relates to comprehensive womenâs health issues
Energy and Nutrient Intake Monitoring
A passive system to determine the in-flight intake of nutrients is developed. Nonabsorbed markers placed in all foods in proportion to the nutrients selected for study are analyzed by neutron activation analysis. Fecal analysis for each market indicates how much of the nutrients were eaten and apparent digestibility. Results of feasibility tests in rats, mice, and monkeys indicate the diurnal variation of several markers, the transit time for markers in the alimentary tract, the recovery of several markers, and satisfactory use of selected markers to provide indirect measurement of apparent digestibility. Recommendations are provided for human feasibility studies
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