Validation of acoustic rhinometry in objective assessment of nasal airway: Standardization of measurements and applicability

Master'sMASTER OF SCIENCE (CLINICAL SCIENCE

Aerospace Medicine and Biology, a continuing bibliography with indexes

This bibliography lists 197 reports, articles and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system in November 1984

Accurate Estimation of Intraocular Pressure and Corneal Material Behaviour Using a Non-Contact Method

The present study is quantifying the effect of corneal parameters(including corneal geometry and material stiffness) with potential considerable influence on intraocular pressure (IOP) and corneal material estimation using finite element method to develop biomechanically-corrected IOP algorithm and biomechanically estimated material algorithm on the non-contact tonometry to estimate higher accurate IOP (with a reduced effect of CCT and age) compared to device’s IOP measurement and the in-vivo corneal material behaviour (with a reduced effect of IOP). The CorVis-ST (Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany) measures IOP using high-speed Scheimpflug technology, which can record the deformation of the cornea during the air pressure application and use this information to define the relationship between the true IOP and dynamic response parameters obtained from CorVis-ST. Hence, in this study the OCULUS CorVis-ST was used for the development of a precise method for estimation of intraocular pressure and corneal material behaviour. Numerical analysis using the finite element method (FEM) had been adapted to represent the operation of the IOP measurement by using the CorVis-ST. The analysis considered the important biomechanical parameters of the eye including IOP, central corneal thickness (CCT), corneal geometry (central radius of curvature, Rc; and anterior corneal asphericity, P), and corneal material behaviour. The numerical simulation results demonstrated higher association of IOP predictions with the first applanation pressure (AP1) rather than CCT and corneal material stiffness (related to age), and higher association of corneal material properties with the ratio between corneal displacement and AP1. The numerical simulation results for healthy and Keratoconic eyes were used as a base to develop algorithms for estimating the true IOP with a reduced effect of CCT and corneal material stiffness, and corneal material behaviour (stress-strain relationship) with a reduced effect of the true IOP. Biomechanically-corrected IOP (bIOP) algorithms for both healthy and keratoconic eyes were validated in clinical data (including healthy, KC, and refractive surgery data) with the aim of significantly reducing IOP dependence on CCT and corneal biomechanics and in experimental ex-vivo human eye tests to assess the accuracy of the bIOP algorithms. The results of experimental ex-vivo human eye tests showed that bIOP had a higher accuracy than the IOP measurement using the CorVis-ST and exhibited no significant correlation with CCT (p=0.756), whereas CVS-IOP was significantly correlated with CCT (p 0.05), In addition, no significant difference in bIOP was found between pre- and post-operative data (0.1±2.1 mmHg, p=0.80 for LASIK and 0.8±1.8 mm Hg, P=0.273 for SMILE), whereas there were significant decreases after surgeries in GAT-IOP (-3.2±3.4 mmHg and -3.2±2.1 mmHg, respectively; both p 0.05) in the values of IOP between healthy and KC patients, using the bIOP and bIOPkc algorithms, while there was a significant difference with CVS-IOP (p0.05) and IOP (p>0.05) but was significantly correlated with age (p<0.01). The stiffness estimates and their variation with age were also significantly correlated (p<0.01) with stiffness estimates obtained in earlier studies on ex-vivo human tissue [1]. In addition, in KC eyes the β predications remain at approximately 80% of the normal cornea’s level. All developed algorithms for IOP and corneal material behaviour estimation demonstrated great success in significantly on providing close estimates of true IOP and corneal material behaviour and reducing the effect of corneal thickness and material stiffness on IOP measurement and the effect of IOP on the corneal material estimation

Biomedical and Human Factors Requirements for a Manned Earth Orbiting Station

This report is the result of a study conducted by Republic Aviation Corporation in conjunction with Spacelabs, Inc.,in a team effort in which Republic Aviation Corporation was prime contractor. In order to determine the realistic engineering design requirements associated with the medical and human factors problems of a manned space station, an interdisciplinary team of personnel from the Research and Space Divisions was organized. This team included engineers, physicians, physiologists, psychologists, and physicists. Recognizing that the value of the study is dependent upon medical judgments as well as more quantifiable factors (such as design parameters) a group of highly qualified medical consultants participated in working sessions to determine which medical measurements are required to meet the objectives of the study. In addition, various Life Sciences personnel from NASA (Headquarters, Langley, MSC) participated in monthly review sessions. The organization, team members, consultants, and some of the part-time contributors are shown in Figure 1. This final report embodies contributions from all of these participants

Pan European Voice Conference - PEVOC 11

The Pan European VOice Conference (PEVOC) was born in 1995 and therefore in 2015 it celebrates the 20th anniversary of its establishment: an important milestone that clearly expresses the strength and interest of the scientific community for the topics of this conference. The most significant themes of PEVOC are singing pedagogy and art, but also occupational voice disorders, neurology, rehabilitation, image and video analysis. PEVOC takes place in different European cities every two years (www.pevoc.org). The PEVOC 11 conference includes a symposium of the Collegium Medicorum Theatri (www.comet collegium.com

Indoor Environment Quality and Health in Energy-Efficient Buildings

This Special Issue addresses a topic that is of great relevance as, nowadays, in developed countries, individuals spend most of their time indoors and, depending on each person, the presence at home ranges between 60% and 90% of the day, with 30% of that time spent sleeping. Considering these data, indoor residential environments have a direct influence on human health, especially considering that, in developing countries, significant levels of indoor pollution make housing unsafe, having an impact on the health of inhabitants. Therefore, housing is a key health factor for people all over the world, and various parameters, such as air quality, ventilation, hygrothermal comfort, lighting, physical environment, and building efficiency, can contribute to healthy architecture, as well as to the conditions that can result from the poor application of these parameters. The articles in this Special Issue thus address issues concerning indoor environmental quality (IEQ), which is described, more simply, as the conditions inside a building. This includes air quality, but also access to daylight and views, pleasant acoustic conditions, and occupant control over lighting and thermal comfort. IEQ also includes the functional aspects of the space, such as whether the layout provides easy access to tools and people when needed and whether there is sufficient space for the occupants. Building managers and operators can increase building occupant satisfaction by considering all aspects of IEQ rather than focusing on temperature or air quality alone

Aerospace Medicine and Biology: A cumulative index to the 1974 issues of a continuing bibliography

This publication is a cumulative index to the abstracts contained in supplements 125 through 136 of Aerospace Medicine and Biology: A Continuing Bibliography. It includes three indexes--subject, personal author, and corporate source