Studies on mechanisms of augmentation of liver regeneration by cyclosporine and FK 506

Evidence could not be found of immune modulation of liver regeneration. The powerful immunosuppressive drug FK 506, which augments the response after partial hepatectomy in normal rats, had the same effect in T cell—deficient nude rats. The cytotoxicity of natural killer cells in treated nude rats was not significantly changed by FK 506 therapy. However, the serum of FK 506—treated nude rats increased hepatocyte proliferation when added to third‐party hepatocyte cultures, suggesting that FK 506 had induced a serum growth factor in the nude rats or had suppressed an inhibitory factor. A hypothesis was advanced that FK 506 (and cyclosporine) affects hepatic growth by nonimmunological pathways. (HEPATOLOGY 1991;14:140–143.) Copyright © 1991 American Association for the Study of Liver Disease

Teens and Sexting

Presents findings from a survey of 12- to 17-year-olds on trends in and attitudes toward "sexting" -- the use of cell phones to create, share, and forward sexually suggestive nude or nearly nude images. Considers implications and parents' roles

Wicked, Hard and Supple: An Examination of Suzanne Valadon's Nude Drawings of Young Maurice

This article examines the nude drawings Suzanne Valadon made of her young son, Maurice Utrillo. These drawings, depicting Utrillo from late childhood until adolescence, began Valadon's interest in the male nude, which she carried into her later career. Though children appeared often in her work, the drawings of Utrillo are complicated by the relationship between the artist and subject.Publisher allows immediate open acces

Arsenic Leaching in Mill Tailings at the AngloGold Ashanti- Obuasi Mine, Ghana: Management of Contamination in the Related Water Environment

The study investigated arsenic (As) leaching prior to stabilization in mill tailings at the AngloGold Ashanti (AGA)-Obuasi mine in Ghana, using the toxicity characterisation leaching procedure (TCLP). Total As concentrations and pH values in TCLP leachate and related water bodies, as well as the concentration mass-time for As reduction in groundwater, were monitored. The corning pH/C107 meter and the varian atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) were used to determine pH values and total As concentrations, respectively, in TCLP leachate and water samples. Sample blanks and matrix spikes ensured quality assurance. Statistical analysis was done using the SPSS 16.0 and stata 11.0. The range of total As concentrations and pH values in TCLP leachate were 0.45–8.73 mg/l and 4.3–8.4, respectively, while the results in the water bodies ranged from 0.04–7.23 mg/l and 5.8–8.4, in stream water; 0.01–2.62 mg/l and 5.4–8.0, and also less than 0.01 and 4.2–7.0 mg/l in the unsaturated and saturated ground water zones, respectively. The unsaturated ground water zone was established as the most convenient for As leaching study. Two-tailed 80% upper confidence level (ULC) for As in TCLP leachate was 2.45 mg/l. Arsenic was mostly mobilised within pH range of 6.3–8.2 and 5.8–7.6 in stream water and ground water, respectively. The mobile As required 26, 32, and 45 months degrading to compliance values of 0.10, 0.05 and 0.01 mg/l, respectively, in the groundwater

Establishment of a patient-derived orthotopic Xenograft (PDOX) model of HER-2-positive cervical cancer expressing the clinical metastatic pattern.

Squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix, highly prevalent in the developing world, is often metastatic and treatment resistant with no standard treatment protocol. Our laboratory pioneered the patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) nude mouse model with the technique of surgical orthotopic implantation (SOI). Unlike subcutaneous transplant patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models, PDOX models metastasize. Most importantly, the metastasis pattern correlates to the patient. In the present report, we describe the development of a PDOX model of HER-2-positive cervical cancer. Metastasis after SOI in nude mice included peritoneal dissemination, liver metastasis, lung metastasis as well as lymph node metastasis reflecting the metastatic pattern in the donor patient. Metastasis was detected in 4 of 6 nude mice with primary tumors. Primary tumors and metastases in the nude mice had histological structures similar to the original tumor and were stained by an anti-HER-2 antibody in the same pattern as the patient's cancer. The metastatic pattern, histology and HER-2 tumor expression of the patient were thus preserved in the PDOX model. In contrast, subcutaneous transplantation of the patient's cervical tumors resulted in primary growth but not metastasis

Tumor-targeting Salmonella typhimurium A1-R prevents experimental human breast cancer bone metastasis in nude mice.

Bone metastasis is a lethal and morbid late stage of breast cancer that is currently treatment resistant. More effective mouse models and treatment are necessary. High bone-metastatic variants of human breast cancer cells were selected in nude mice by cardiac injection. After cardiac injection of a high bone-metastatic variant of breast cancer, all untreated mice had bone metastases compared to only 20% with parental cells. Treatment with tumor-targeting Salmonella typhimurium A1-R completely prevented the appearance of bone metastasis of the high metastatic variant in nude mice (P < 0.001). After injection of the highly bone-metastatic breast cancer variant to the tibia of nude mice, S. typhimurium A1-R treatment significantly reduced tumor growth in the bone (P < 0.001). These data indicated that S. typhimurium A1-R is useful to prevent and inhibit breast cancer bone metastasis and should be of future clinical use for breast cancer in the adjuvant setting

The disintegrin echistatin in combination with doxorubicin targets high-metastatic human osteosarcoma overexpressing ανβ3 integrin in chick embryo and nude mouse models.

Echistatin, a cyclic RGD peptide, which is an antagonist of αvβ3 integrin (disintegrin), inhibited human osteosarcoma in the chick chorioallontoic membrane (CAM) model and tumor growth and pulmonary metastases in a nude mouse orthotopic model. A high-metastatic variant of human osteosarcoma, 143B-LM4, overexpressing αvβ3 integrin was used. Tumor angiogenesis by high-metastatic variant 143B-LM4 cells in the CAM was significantly inhibited by echistatin (P<0.05) as was overall growth. A doxorubicin (DOX)-echistatin combination inhibited orthotopic tumor growth compared to untreated control (P<0.01) or DOX alone (P<0.05) in nude mice. Tumor-bearing mice treated with the DOX-echistatin combination survived longer than those treated with DOX alone or control PBS (P<0.01 and P<0.01, respectively). Echistatin also inhibited experimental lung metastasis of 143B-LM4 cells in nude mice. These results suggest that DOX in combination with a disintegrin has potential to treat osteosarcoma and that αvβ3 integrin may be a target for osteosarcoma

Duality, the Methodology of Shooting a Documentary as a One-Man Crew

This thesis will discuss Duality, a long-form documentary about artistic nude models who also create art involving the nude female form. This thesis will discuss the inspiration for the film, as well as the deciding factors that made me choose this as the topic for my thesis documentary. This thesis will also cover the process and methodology of shooting a documentary as a one-man crew, beginning with the process of preproduction, then the principal photography of the documentary, followed by the editing and postproduction process, and finally premiering the final film

Exposing the human nude phenotype [4]

Peer reviewedSubmitted Versio