277 research outputs found
Inter-Destination Multimedia Synchronization; Schemes, Use Cases and Standardization
Traditionally, the media consumption model
has been a passive and isolated activity. However, the
advent of media streaming technologies, interactive social
applications, and synchronous communications, as well as
the convergence between these three developments, point
to an evolution towards dynamic shared media experiences.
In this new model, geographically distributed groups of
consumers, independently of their location and the nature
of their end-devices, can be immersed in a common virtual
networked environment in which they can share multimedia
services, interact and collaborate in real-time within
the context of simultaneous media content consumption. In
most of these multimedia services and applications, apart
from the well-known intra and inter-stream synchronization
techniques that are important inside the consumers
playout devices, also the synchronization of the playout
processes between several distributed receivers, known as
multipoint, group or Inter-destination multimedia synchronization
(IDMS), becomes essential. Due to the
increasing popularity of social networking, this type of
multimedia synchronization has gained in popularity in
recent years. Although Social TV is perhaps the most
prominent use case in which IDMS is useful, in this paper
we present up to 19 use cases for IDMS, each one having
its own synchronization requirements. Different approaches
used in the (recent) past by researchers to achieve
IDMS are described and compared. As further proof of the
significance of IDMS nowadays, relevant organizations
(such as ETSI TISPAN and IETF AVTCORE Group)
efforts on IDMS standardization (in which authors have
been and are participating actively), defining architectures
and protocols, are summarized.This work has been financed, partially, by Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (UPV), under its R&D Support Program in PAID-05-11-002-331 Project and in PAID-01-10, and by TNO, under its Future Internet Use Research & Innovation Program. The authors also want to thank Kevin Gross for providing some of the use cases included in Sect. 1.2.Montagud, M.; Boronat Segui, F.; Stokking, H.; Van Brandenburg, R. (2012). Inter-Destination Multimedia Synchronization; Schemes, Use Cases and Standardization. Multimedia Systems. 18(6):459-482. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00530-012-0278-9S459482186Kernchen, R., Meissner, S., Moessner, K., Cesar, P., Vaishnavi, I., Boussard, M., Hesselman, C.: Intelligent multimedia presentation in ubiquitous multidevice scenarios. IEEE Multimedia 17(2), 52â63 (2010)Vaishnavi, I., Cesar, P., Bulterman, D., Friedrich, O., Gunkel, S., Geerts, D.: From IPTV to synchronous shared experiences challenges in design: distributed media synchronization. Signal Process Image Commun 26(7), 370â377 (2011)Geerts, D., Vaishnavi, I., Mekuria, R., Van Deventer, O., Cesar, P.: Are we in sync?: synchronization requirements for watching on-line video together, CHI â11, New York, USA (2011)Boronat, F., Lloret, J., GarcĂa, M.: Multimedia group and inter-stream synchronization techniques: a comparative study. Inf. Syst. 34(1), 108â131 (2009)Chen, M.: A low-latency lip-synchronized videoconferencing system. In: SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHIâ03, ACM, pp. 464â471, New York (2003)Ishibashi, Y., Tasaka, S., Ogawa, H.: Media synchronization quality of reactive control schemes. IEICE Trans. Commun. E86-B(10), 3103â3113 (2003)Ademoye, O.A., Ghinea, G.: Synchronization of olfaction-enhanced multimedia. IEEE Trans. Multimedia 11(3), 561â565 (2009)Cesar, P., Bulterman, D.C.A., Jansen, J., Geerts, D., Knoche, H., Seager, W.: Fragment, tag, enrich, and send: enhancing social sharing of video. ACM Trans. Multimedia Comput. Commun. Appl. 5(3), Article 19, 27 pages (2009)Van Deventer, M.O., Stokking, H., Niamut, O.A., Walraven, F.A., Klos, V.B.: Advanced Interactive Television Service Require Synchronization, IWSSIP 2008. Bratislava, June (2008)Premchaiswadi, W., Tungkasthan, A., Jongsawat, N.: Enhancing learning systems by using virtual interactive classrooms and web-based collaborative work. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Education Engineering Conference (EDUCON 2010), pp. 1531â1537. Madrid, Spain (2010)Diot, C., Gautier, L.: A distributed architecture for multiplayer interactive applications on the internet. IEEE Netw 13(4), 6â15 (1999)Mauve, M., Vogel, J., Hilt, V., Effelsberg, W.: Local-lag and timewarp: providing consistency for replicated continuous applications. IEEE Trans. Multimedia 6(1), 45â57 (2004)Hosoya, K., Ishibashi, Y., Sugawara, S., Psannis, K.E.: Group synchronization control considering difference of conversation roles. In: IEEE 13th International Symposium on Consumer Electronics, ISCE â09, pp. 948â952 (2009)Roccetti, M., Ferretti, S., Palazzi, C.: The brave new world of multiplayer online games: synchronization issues with smart solution. In: 11th IEEE Symposium on Object Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing (ISORC), pp. 587â592 (2008)Ott, D.E., Mayer-Patel, K.: An open architecture for transport-level protocol coordination in distributed multimedia applications. ACM Trans. Multimedia Comput. Commun. Appl. 3(3), 17 (2007)Boronat, F., Montagud, M., Guerri, J.C.: Multimedia group synchronization approach for one-way cluster-to-cluster applications. In: IEEE 34th Conference on Local Computer Networks, LCN 2009, pp. 177â184, ZĂŒrich (2009)Boronat, F., Montagud, M., Vidal, V.: Smooth control of adaptive media playout to acquire IDMS in cluster-based applications. In: IEEE LCN 2011, pp. 617â625, Bonn (2011)Huang, Z., Wu, W., Nahrstedt, K., Rivas, R., Arefin, A.: SyncCast: synchronized dissemination in multi-site interactive 3D tele-immersion. In: Proceedings of MMSys, USA (2011)Kim, S.-J., Kuester, F., Kim, K.: A global timestamp-based approach for enhanced data consistency and fairness in collaborative virtual environments. ACM/Springer Multimedia Syst. J. 10(3), 220â229 (2005)Schooler, E.: Distributed music: a foray into networked performance. In: International Network Music Festival, Santa Monica, CA (1993)Miyashita, Y., Ishibashi, Y., Fukushima, N., Sugawara, S., Psannis K.E.: QoE assessment of group synchronization in networked chorus with voice and video. In: Proceedings of IEEE TENCONâ11, pp. 393â397 (2011)Hesselman, C., Abbadessa, D., Van Der Beek, W., et al.: Sharing enriched multimedia experiences across heterogeneous network infrastructures. IEEE Commun. Mag. 48(6), 54â65 (2010)Montpetit, M., Klym, N., Mirlacher, T.: The future of IPTVâConnected, mobile, personal and social. Multimedia Tools Appl J 53(3), 519â532 (2011)Cesar, P., Bulterman, D.C.A., Jansen, J.: Leveraging the user impact: an architecture for secondary screens usage in an interactive television environment. ACM/Springer Multimedia Syst. 15(3), 127â142 (2009)Lukosch, S.: Transparent latecomer support for synchronous groupware. In: Proceedings of 9th International Workshop on Groupware (CRIWG), Grenoble, France, pp. 26â41 (2003)Steinmetz, R.: Human perception of jitter and media synchronization. IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun. 14(1), 61â72 (1996)Stokking, H., Van Deventer, M.O., Niamut, O.A., Walraven, F.A., Mekuria, R.N.: IPTV inter-destination synchronization: a network-based approach, ICINâ2010, Berlin (2010)Mekuria, R.N.: Inter-destination media synchronization for TV broadcasts, Master Thesis, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Department of Network architecture and Services, Delft University of Technology (2011)Pitt Ian, CS2511: Usability engineering lecture notes, localisation of sound sources. http://web.archive.org/web/20100410235208/http:/www.cs.ucc.ie/~ianp/CS2511/HAP.htmlNielsen, J.: Response times: the three important limits. http://www.useit.com/papers/responsetime.html (1994)ITU-T Rec G. 1010: End-User Multimedia QoS Categories. International Telecommunication Union, Geneva (2001)Biersack, E., Geyer, W.: Synchronized delivery and playout of distributed stored multimedia streams. ACM/Springer Multimedia Syst 7(1), 70â90 (1999)Xie, Y., Liu, C., Lee, M.J., Saadawi, T.N.: Adaptive multimedia synchronization in a teleconference system. ACM/Springer Multimedia Syst. 7(4), 326â337 (1999)Laoutaris, N., Stavrakakis, I.: Intrastream synchronization for continuous media streams: a survey of playout schedulers. IEEE Netw. Mag. 16(3), 30â40 (2002)Ishibashi, Y., Tsuji, A., Tasaka, S.: A group synchronization mechanism for stored media in multicast communications. In: Proceedings of the INFOCOM â97, Washington (1997)Ishibashi, Y., Tasaka, S.: A group synchronization mechanism for live media in multicast communications. IEEE GLOBECOMâ97, pp. 746â752 (1997)Boronat, F., Guerri, J.C., Lloret, J.: An RTP/RTCP based approach for multimedia group and inter-stream synchronization. Multimedia Tools Appl. J. 40(2), 285â319 (2008)Ishibashi, I., Tasaka, S.: A distributed control scheme for group synchronization in multicast communications. In: Proceedings of International Symposium Communications, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, pp. 317â323 (1999)Lu, Y., Fallica, B., Kuipers, F.A., Kooij, R.E., Van Mieghem, P.: Assessing the quality of experience of SopCast. Int. J. Internet Protoc. Technol 4(1), 11â19 (2009)Shamma, D.A., Bastea-Forte, M., Joubert, N., Liu, Y.: Enhancing online personal connections through synchronized sharing of online video, ACM CHIâ08 Extended Abstracts, Florence (2008)Ishibashi, Y., Tasaka, S.: A distributed control scheme for causality and media synchronization in networked multimedia games. In: Proceedings of 11th International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks, pp. 144â149, Miami, USA (2002)Ishibashi, Y., Tomaru, K., Tasaka, S., Inazumi, K.: Group synchronization in networked virtual environments. In: Proceedings of the 38th IEEE International Conference on Communications, pp. 885â890, Alaska, USA (2003)Tasaka, S., Ishibashi, Y., Hayashi, M.: Interâdestination synchronization quality in an integrated wired and wireless network with handover. IEEE GLOBECOM 2, 1560â1565 (2002)Kurokawa, Y., Ishibashi, Y., Asano, T.: Group synchronization control in a remote haptic drawing system. In: Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, pp. 572â575, Beijing, China (2007)Hashimoto, T., Ishibashi, Y.: Group Synchronization Control over Haptic Media in a Networked Real-Time Game with Collaborative Work, Netgamesâ06, Singapore (2006)Nunome, T., Tasaka, S.: Inter-destination synchronization quality in a multicast mobile ad hoc network. In: Proceedings of IEEE 16th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, pp. 1366â1370, Berlin, Germany (2005)Brandenburg, R., van Stokking, H., Van Deventer, M.O., Boronat, F., Montagud, M., Gross, K.: RTCP for inter-destination media synchronization, draft-brandenburg-avtcore-rtcp-for-idms-03.txt. In: IETF Audio/Video Transport Core Maintenance Working Group, Internet Draft, March 9 (2012)ETSI TS 181 016 V3.3.1 (2009-07) Telecommunications and Internet converged Services and Protocols for Advanced Networking (TISPAN); Service Layer Requirements to integrate NGN Services and IPTVETSI TS 182 027 V3.5.1 (2011-03) Telecommunications and Internet converged Services and Protocols for Advanced Networking (TISPAN); IPTV Architecture; IPTV functions supported by the IMS subsystemETSI TS 183 063 V3.5.2 (2011-03) Telecommunications and Internet converged Services and Protocols for Advanced Networking (TISPAN); IMS-based IPTV stage 3 specificationBrandenburg van, R., et al.: RTCP XR Block Type for inter-destination media synchronization, draft-brandenburg-avt-rtcp-for-idms-00.txt. In: IETF Audio/Video Transport Working Group, Internet Draft, Sept 24, 2010Williams, A., et al.: RTP Clock Source Signalling, draft-williams-avtcore-clksrc-00. In: IETF Audio/Video Transport Working Group, Internet Draft, February 28, 201
Converged digital TV services: the role of middleware and future directions of interactive television
The subject of the future of the interactive Television medium has become a topic of great interest to the academic and industrial communities particularly since in the recent years there has been a dramatic increase in the pace of innovation of convergence of digital TV systems and services. The purpose of this paper is to provide a brief overview of what we know as digital TV converged services, to present and categorise the digital Television middleware technologies that contributed to it, and to present possible future trends and directions. A new Television era of converged wireless and mobile content delivery, user-authored content, multimodal interaction, intelligent personalisation, smart space awareness, and 3D content sensations is foreseen, creating ambient and immersive experiences
The Communicating Home - Definition, Evaluation and Business Opportunities for TeliaSonera in a 3-5 years perspective
The communicating home concept has been defined by identifying the dominating communication technologies to/from and in the homes, the most important customer behavior and user needs, the dominating products and the dominating actors of the industry. The evaluation of the communicating home industry has been performed with a five forces framework analysis and theories regarding value migration and value structures of industries. It has been concluded that actors of communication technologies, goods and access services will compete fiercely. The barriers of entry will however be high. When it comes to content services the situation is completely different. These actors will, to the largest extent, meet lower competition and low barriers of entry. As a consequence a value migration from communication technologies, goods and access services to content services will occur. TeliaSonera is suggested to develop a content service portal. It should, in its first version, contain IPTV, music on demand, video on demand, data security, online storing and online gaming in the first place. The TeliaSonera group has the right prerequisites to implement and capitalize on a content service portal. In addition to the content service portal some other business opportunities have also been addressed in the business model
Recommended from our members
Multimedia delivery in the future internet
The term âNetworked Mediaâ implies that all kinds of media including text, image, 3D graphics, audio
and video are produced, distributed, shared, managed and consumed on-line through various networks,
like the Internet, Fiber, WiFi, WiMAX, GPRS, 3G and so on, in a convergent manner [1]. This white
paper is the contribution of the Media Delivery Platform (MDP) cluster and aims to cover the Networked
challenges of the Networked Media in the transition to the Future of the Internet.
Internet has evolved and changed the way we work and live. End users of the Internet have been confronted
with a bewildering range of media, services and applications and of technological innovations concerning
media formats, wireless networks, terminal types and capabilities. And there is little evidence that the pace
of this innovation is slowing. Today, over one billion of users access the Internet on regular basis, more
than 100 million users have downloaded at least one (multi)media file and over 47 millions of them do so
regularly, searching in more than 160 Exabytes1 of content. In the near future these numbers are expected
to exponentially rise. It is expected that the Internet content will be increased by at least a factor of 6, rising
to more than 990 Exabytes before 2012, fuelled mainly by the users themselves. Moreover, it is envisaged
that in a near- to mid-term future, the Internet will provide the means to share and distribute (new)
multimedia content and services with superior quality and striking flexibility, in a trusted and personalized
way, improving citizensâ quality of life, working conditions, edutainment and safety.
In this evolving environment, new transport protocols, new multimedia encoding schemes, cross-layer inthe
network adaptation, machine-to-machine communication (including RFIDs), rich 3D content as well as
community networks and the use of peer-to-peer (P2P) overlays are expected to generate new models of
interaction and cooperation, and be able to support enhanced perceived quality-of-experience (PQoE) and
innovative applications âon the moveâ, like virtual collaboration environments, personalised services/
media, virtual sport groups, on-line gaming, edutainment. In this context, the interaction with content
combined with interactive/multimedia search capabilities across distributed repositories, opportunistic P2P
networks and the dynamic adaptation to the characteristics of diverse mobile terminals are expected to
contribute towards such a vision.
Based on work that has taken place in a number of EC co-funded projects, in Framework Program 6 (FP6)
and Framework Program 7 (FP7), a group of experts and technology visionaries have voluntarily
contributed in this white paper aiming to describe the status, the state-of-the art, the challenges and the way
ahead in the area of Content Aware media delivery platforms
User generated content for IMS-based IPTV
Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references.Web 2.0 services have been on the rise due to improved bandwidth availability. Users can now connect to the internet with a variety of portable devices which are capable of performing multiple tasks. Due to this, services such as Voice over IP (VoIP), presence, social networks, instant messaging (IM) and Internet Protocol television (IPTV) to mention but a few, started to emerge...This thesis proposed a framework that will offer user-generated content on an IMS-Based IPTV and the framework will include a personalised advertising system..
MS IPTV audit collection services
Tese de mestrado em Segurança InformĂĄtica, apresentada Ă Universidade de Lisboa, atravĂ©s da Faculdade de CiĂȘncias, 2011Microsoft Mediaroom Internet Protocol Television (MS IPTV), uma plataforma de televisĂŁo digital, levou o conceito de televisĂŁo a uma dimensĂŁo totalmente nova. MS IPTV Ă© um sistema onde o serviço de televisĂŁo digital Ă© entregue aos clientes usando Internet Protocol (IP), atravĂ©s de uma conexĂŁo de banda larga. Com o advento do IPTV começaram a aparecer novas situaçÔes relacionadas com a segurança da televisĂŁo, uma vez que, a infra-estrutura começou a ganhar complexidade e exposição a uma sĂ©rie de novos riscos. Por esta razĂŁo, a segurança numa infra-estrutura de MS IPTV nĂŁo Ă© apenas mais uma funcionalidade, mas sim uma necessidade. Podemos mesmo dizer que hoje em dia Ă© obrigatĂłrio aguçar o engenho para estar um passo Ă frente dos atacantes, uma vez que estes estĂŁo sempre Ă espera de uma brecha, para comprometer os sistemas. Uma infra-estrutura como o MS IPTV armazena por omissĂŁo dados relativos ao comportamento dos utilizadores ao nĂvel dos logs, no entanto esta informação sĂł se torna relevante se puder ser consultada e analisada com o objetivo de proporcionar uma compreensĂŁo a alto nĂvel sobre os diferentes padrĂ”es que estĂŁo a ocorrer nos servidores ou no comportamento dos utilizadores, uma tarefa que envolve poderosas tĂ©cnicas de data parsing.
A tese apresenta uma abordagem que combina tĂ©cnicas de data parsing, a fim de analisar os logs relevantes da infra-estrutura de MS IPTV, com o objetivo principal de aumentar a segurança atravĂ©s da investigação dos tipos de informaçÔes adicionais que pode ser extraĂda.
TentĂĄmos assim entender se Ă© possĂvel determinar que tipos de ataques estĂŁo a ser perpetrados contra a infra-estrutura MS IPTV, com base na anĂĄlise dos logs. Como o foco central desta tese estĂĄ no diagnĂłstico, propomos uma abordagem para descobrir ataques, onde os logs sĂŁo verificados para identificar grupos coerentes de ocorrĂȘncias susceptĂveis de constituir ataques que apelidĂĄmos de padrĂ”es. Nos testes, verificĂĄmos que a nossa abordagem consegue bons resultados na descoberta de ataques. Os resultados obtidos tĂȘm a vantagem adicional de poderem ser integrados na ferramenta de monitorização utilizada pelas equipas de operação dos sistemas da Portugal Telecom, o System Center Operations Manager (SCOM).Microsoft Mediaroom Internet Protocol TeleVision (MS IPTV), one of the platforms for digital TV, took television to an all new dimension level. MS IPTV is described as a system where a digital television service is delivered to consumers using the Internet Protocol over a broadband connection. Since the infrastructure started to gain complexity and exposure to a number of new risks, never envisaged situations related to television security started to appear. For this reason, MS IPTV security is not only a great asset, but also a necessity. Nowadays it is mandatory to sharpen the wit to get ahead of attackers, who are always waiting for a breach to compromise our systems.
MS IPTV log servers collect information about user and system behavior. However, this information only becomes relevant if it can be queried and analyzed with the purpose of providing high-level understanding about the different patterns. This task must comprise powerful data parsing techniques, since MS IPTV is able to generate close to one terabyte of logs per day.
This thesis presents an approach that combines data parsing techniques in order to analyze relevant MS IPTV logs, with the main objective to increase security through the investigation of what type of additional information can be extracted from the server log files of a MS IPTV platform. The thesis focus is on diagnosis, trying to understand if it is possible to determine what type of attacks are being perpetrated against the MS IPTV infrastructure.
We propose an approach for discovering attacks, where the application logs are scanned to identify coherent groups of occurrences that we call patterns, which are likely to constitute attacks. Our results showed that our approach achieves good results in discovering potential attacks. Our output results can be integrated into the MS IPTV monitoring system tool SCOM (System Center Operations Manager), which is an additional advantage over the other monitoring and log management systems
Development of a MPEG-7 based multimedia content description and retrieval tool for internet protocol television (IPTV)
Search and retrieval of multimedia content from open platforms such as the Internet and IPTV platforms has long been found to be hugely inefficient. It has been noted that a major cause of such inefficient results is the improper labeling or incomplete description of multimedia content by its creators. The lack of adequate description of video content by the proper annotation of video content with the relevant metadata leads to poor search and retrieval yields. The creation of such metadata itself is a major problem as there are various metadata description standards which users could employ. On the other hand there are tools such as FFprobe that can retrieve important features of video that can be used in searching and retrieval. The combination of such tools and metadata description standards could be the solution to the metadata problem. The Multimedia Content Description Interface (MPEG-7) is an example of a metadata description standard. It has been adopted by TISPAN for the description of IPTV multimedia content. The MPEG-7 standard is rather complex, seeing as it has over 1200 global Descriptors and Description Schemes which a user would have to know in order to implement such technology. This complexity is a nuisance when we consider the existence of multitudes of amateur video producers. These multimedia content creators have no idea how to use the MPEG-7 standard to annotate their creations with metadata. Consequently, overloading of the IPTV platform with content that has not been annotated in a standardized manner occurs, making search and retrieval of the multimedia content (videos, in this instance) inefficient. Therefore, it was imperative to try and determine whether the use of the MPEG-7 standard could be made much easier by creating a tool that is MPEG-7 enabled which will allow for the annotation of video content by any user without concerning themselves about how to use the MPEG-7 standard. In attempting to develop a tool for metadata generation, it was incumbent for us to understand the issues associated with metadata generation for users wishing to create IPTV services. An extensive literature review on IPTV standardization was carried out to determine the issues associated with metadata generation for IPTV and their proposed solutions. An experimental research approach was taken in an attempt to figure out if our proposed solution to the lack of technical expertise by users about the MPEG-7 standard could be the final solution to the metadata generation problem. We developed a Multimedia Content Description and Management System (MCDMS) prototype which enabled us to describe video content by annotating it with 16 different metadata elements and storing the descriptions in XML MPEG-7 format. Incremental development and re-use oriented development were used during the development phase of this research. The MCDMS underwent functional testing; smoke testing of the individual system components and Big Bang integration testing for the combined components. Our results indicate that the more metadata is appended to a video as description the better it is to search for and retrieve. The MCDMS hides the complexity of MPEG-7 metadata creation from the users. With the effortless creation of MPEG-7 based metadata, it becomes easier to annotate videos. Consequently, search and retrieval of video content becomes more efficient. It is important to note that the description of multimedia content remains a complex feat. Even with the metadata elements laid out for users, there still exist other issues that affect metadata creation such as polysemy and the semantic gap. However, the provision of a tool that does the MPEG-7 standardizing behind the scenes for users when they upload a video makes the description of multimedia content in a standardized manner a much easier feat to achieve
TechNews digests: Autumn 2004
TechNews is a technology, news and analysis service aimed at anyone in the education sector keen to stay informed about technology developments, trends and issues. TechNews focuses on emerging technologies and other technology news. TechNews service : digests september 2004 till May 2010 Analysis pieces and News combined publish every 2 to 3 month
- âŠ