Ratcheting up ambition on climate policy

The historic Paris Agreement aims to constrain the peak increase in global mean temperature to 1.5 °C, or at least well below 2 °C. Every country has committed to device their own “nationally determined contributions” towards this target. These contributions are only proscribed for the coming 10-15 years with a regular reassessment of them against the global target. Here we use a global climate-economy model to explore consequences of differing levels of ambition during these reanalysis. We find that without substantially increased ambition the probability of avoiding 2 °C of warming is marginal. We present several plausible future trajectories that significantly increase the probability of avoiding 2 °C, but are unable to keep global temperatures below 1.5 °C. We advocate countries engage in the reassessment process soon and with high ambitions as catastrophic climate change can effectively be ruled out by such actions

Review of Graphene Technology and Its Applications for Electronic Devices

Graphene has amazing abilities due to its unique band structure characteristics defining its enhanced electrical capabilities for a material with the highest characteristic mobility known to exist at room temperature. The high mobility of graphene occurs due to electron delocalization and weak electron–phonon interaction, making graphene an ideal material for electrical applications requiring high mobility and fast response times. In this review, we cover graphene’s integration into infrared (IR) devices, electro-optic (EO) devices, and field effect transistors (FETs) for radio frequency (RF) applications. The benefits of utilizing graphene for each case are discussed, along with examples showing the current state-of-the-art solutions for these applications

Активная защита боевых машин

Представлен обзор существующих на сегодняшний день комплексов активной защиты боевых машин, и их характеристики. Предложена концептуальная модель активной защиты на основе боевого лазера, со скоростью срабатываниявсей системы 0,0001 с и скоростью перезарядки 0,1 с, при дальности отражения боеприпасов в том числе бронебойных, движущихся со скоростью 1800 м/с, на расстоянии 20-30 м от объекта защиты, что превышает все существующие на сегодняшний день комплексы активной защиты. Проведен опыт на имитирующем стенде, подтверждающий работоспособность разработанной системы наведения боевого лазера

Reachability for Branching Concurrent Stochastic Games

We give polynomial time algorithms for deciding almost-sure and limit-sure reachability in Branching Concurrent Stochastic Games (BCSGs). These are a class of infinite-state imperfect-information stochastic games that generalize both finite-state concurrent stochastic reachability games ([L. de Alfaro et al., 2007]) and branching simple stochastic reachability games ([K. Etessami et al., 2018])

Supernova feedback in numerical simulations of galaxy formation: separating physics from numerics

While feedback from massive stars exploding as supernovae (SNe) is thought to be one of the key ingredients regulating galaxy formation, theoretically it is still unclear how the available energy couples to the interstellar medium and how galactic scale outflows are launched. We present a novel implementation of six sub-grid SN feedback schemes in the moving-mesh code Arepo, including injections of thermal and/or kinetic energy, two parametrizations of delayed cooling feedback and a `mechanical' feedback scheme that injects the correct amount of momentum depending on the relevant scale of the SN remnant resolved. All schemes make use of individually time-resolved SN events. Adopting isolated disk galaxy setups at different resolutions, with the highest resolution runs reasonably resolving the Sedov-Taylor phase of the SN, we aim to find a physically motivated scheme with as few tunable parameters as possible. As expected, simple injections of energy overcool at all but the highest resolution. Our delayed cooling schemes result in overstrong feedback, destroying the disk. The mechanical feedback scheme is efficient at suppressing star formation, agrees well with the Kennicutt-Schmidt relation and leads to converged star formation rates and galaxy morphologies with increasing resolution without fine tuning any parameters. However, we find it difficult to produce outflows with high enough mass loading factors at all but the highest resolution, indicating either that we have oversimplified the evolution of unresolved SN remnants, require other stellar feedback processes to be included, require a better star formation prescription or most likely some combination of these issues

Молодежь и наука : материалы международной научно-практической конференции старшеклассников, студентов и аспирантов

В сборнике представлены материалы научно-практической конференции молодых ученых: преподавателей и студентов российских и зарубежных университетов, в том числе Уральского федерального университета, учащихся школ и их наставников, затрагивающие широкий спектр вопросов в сфере информационных технологий, металлургии, материаловедения, специального и общего машиностроения, химических технологий, строительства и архитектуры, моделирования и автоматизации технологических процессов, экономики, гуманитарных наук и др. Материалы могут быть полезны широкому кругу лиц, интересующихся вопросами науки, образования и производства