Semantic Event Model and Its Implication on Situation Detection

Events are at the core of reactive applications, which have become popular in many domains. Contemporary modeling tools lack the capability express the event semantics and relationships to other entities. This research is aimed at providing the system designer a tool to define and describe events and their relationships to other events, object and tasks. It follows the semantic data modeling approach, and applies it to events, by using the classification, aggregation, generalization and association abstractions in the event world. The model employs conditional generalizations that are specific to the event domain, and determine conditions in which an event that is classified to lower level class, is considered as a member of a higher-level event class, for the sake of reaction to the event. The paper describes the event model, its knowledge representation scheme and its properties, and demonstrates these properties through a comprehensive example

Semantic Event Model and its Implication on Situation Detection

Abstract -Events are at the core of reactive applications, which have become popular in many domains. Contemporary modeling tools lack the capability express the event semantics and relationships to other entities. This research is aimed at providing the system designer a tool to define and describe events and their relationships to other events, object and tasks. It follows the semantic data modeling approach, and applies it to events, by using the classification, aggregation, generalization and association abstractions in the event world. The model employs conditional generalizations that are specific to the event domain, and determine conditions in which an event that is classified to lower level class, is considered as a member of a higher-level event class, for the sake of reaction to the event. The paper describes the event model, its knowledge representation scheme and its properties, and demonstrates these properties through a comprehensive example

A Dynamic Foundational Architecture for Semantic Web Services

The combination of Web services and ontologies is gaining momentum as the potential silver bullets for tomorrow’s Web, i.e., the Semantic Web. We propose an architectural foundation for managing semantic Web services in dynamic environments. We introduce the concept of community to cater for an ontological organization of Web services. We develop an ontology called community ontology that serves as a “template” for describing communities of Web services. We also propose a peer-to-peer approach for managing communities in dynamic environments.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/44807/1/10619_2004_Article_NO00000190.pd

Collaborative software agents support for the texpros document management system

This dissertation investigates the use of active rules that are embedded in markup documents. Active rules are used in a markup representation by integrating Collaborative Software Agents with TEXPROS (abbreviation for TEXt PROcessing System) [Liu and Ng 1996] to create a powerful distributed document management system. Such markup documents with embedded active rules are called Active Documents. For fast retrieval purposes, when we need to generate a customized Internet folder organization, we first define the Folder Organization Query Language (FO-QL) to solve data categorization problems. FO-QL defines the folder organization query process that automatically retrieves links of documents deposited into folders and then constructs a folder organization in either a centralized document repository or multiple distributed document repositories. Traditional documents are stored as static data that do not provide any dynamic capabilities for accessing or interacting with the document environment. The dynamic and distributed nature of both markup data and markup rules do not merely respond to requests for information, but intelligently anticipate, adapt, and actively seek ways to support the computing processes. This outcome feature conquers the static nature of the traditional documents. An Office Automation Definition Language (OADL) with active rules is defined for constructing the TEXPROS \u27s dual modeling approach and workflow events representation. Active Documents are such agent-supported OADL documents. With embedded rules and self-describing data features, Active Documents provide capability of collaborative interactions with software agents. Data transformation and data integration are both data processing problems but little research has focused on the markup documents to generate a versatile folder organization. Some of the research merely provides manual browsing in a document repository to find the right document. This browsing is time consuming and unrealistic, especially in multiple document repositories. With FO-QL, one can create a customized folder organization on demand

NAOS -- Efficient and modular reactive capabilities in an Object-Oriented Database System

This paper describes the design and implementation of NAOS, an active rule component in the objectoriented database system O2. The contribution of this work is related to two main aspects. The first concerns the integration of the rule concept within the O2 model, providing a way to structure applications. Rules are part of a schema and do not belong to a class. Program execution and data manipulation, including method calls, can be driven on rules. The second aspect concerns the way NAOS interacts with O2 Engine, the kernel of the O2 system. To support a reactive capability the object manager semantics has been extended, thus providing an efficient event detection. Applications produce events and the subscribed event types react to these events. As a result, rules are triggered. The semantics of rule processing we provide is achieved through functions associated with event types during their subscription. The subscription mechanism is general enough to be used by any event driven..

NAOS: Efficient and modular reactive capabilities in an object-oriented database system

This paper describes the design and imple-mentation of NAOS, an active rule compo-nent in the object-oriented database system 02. The contribution of this work is re-lated to two main aspects. The first concerns the integration of the rule concept within the 02 model, providing a way to structure appli-cations. Rules are part of a schema and do not belong to a class. Program execution and data manipulation, including method calls, can be driven on rules. The second aspect concerns the way NAOS interacts with the kernel of the 02 system. To support a reactive capa-bility the object manager semantics has been extended, thus providing an efficient event de-tection. Applications produce events and the subscribed event types react to these events. As a result, rules are triggered.

Objective: a benchmark for object-oriented active database systems

Ankara : Department of Computer Engineering and Information Science and the Institute of Engineering and Science of Bilkent University, 1996.Thesis(Master's) -- Bilkent University, 1996.Includes bibliographical references leaves 44-47.Although much work in the area of Active Database Management Systems (ADBMSs) has been done, there have been only a few attempts to evaluate the performance of these systems, and it is not yet clear how the performance of an active DBMS can be evaluated systematically. In this thesis, we describe the OBJECTIVE Benchmark for object-oriented ADBMSs, and present experimental results from its implementation in an active database system prototype. OBJECTIVE can be used to identify performance bottlenecks and active functionalities of an ADBMS, and compare the performance of multiple ADBMSs. The philosophy of OBJECTIVE is to isolate components providing active functionalities, and concentrate only on the performance of these components while attempting to minimize the effects of other factors.Çetintemel, UğurM.S

State-of-the-art on evolution and reactivity

This report starts by, in Chapter 1, outlining aspects of querying and updating resources on the Web and on the Semantic Web, including the development of query and update languages to be carried out within the Rewerse project. From this outline, it becomes clear that several existing research areas and topics are of interest for this work in Rewerse. In the remainder of this report we further present state of the art surveys in a selection of such areas and topics. More precisely: in Chapter 2 we give an overview of logics for reasoning about state change and updates; Chapter 3 is devoted to briefly describing existing update languages for the Web, and also for updating logic programs; in Chapter 4 event-condition-action rules, both in the context of active database systems and in the context of semistructured data, are surveyed; in Chapter 5 we give an overview of some relevant rule-based agents frameworks

Aplicación de técnicas activas para el control de restricciones en el desarrollo de bases de datos

En las metodologías de desarrollo de BD nos encontramos que los modelos conceptuales que aplicamos son cada vez más ricos y capaces de recoger con mayor precisión las especificaciones del dominio. El problema surge cuando queremos mantener esta semántica en la siguiente fase de la metodología, la fase lógica. La mayoría de estas metodologías utilizan el modelo relacional para transformar el esquema conceptual a un esquema lógico. Para ello, se aplican un conjunto de reglas de transformación. Estas reglas son, en general, muy básicas pues solo especifican la transformación de los elementos más simples y sencillos del modelo conceptual, esto implica una pérdida de semántica significativa, que lleva al diseñador a controlar y comprobar las restricciones de integridad del dominio fuera de la BD. Para representar las restricciones de integridad, el estándar SQL3 y la mayoría de los SGBDs comerciales proporcionan dos maneras: mecanismos declarativos y mecanismos procedimentales. Los mecanismos declarativos aportan una base fundamental y estrategia tradicional para reforzar las reglas básicas de negocio (Not Null, Default, Unique, Primary Key, Foreign Key , Check, Domain y Assertion). Sin embargo, estas cláusulas no son capaces de expresar todas las restricciones de integridad incluidas en un modelo conceptual, por eso, se utilizan mecanismos procedimentales como reglas activas/disparadores para poder controlar estas restricciones dentro del SGBD. En este trabajo de tesis doctoral se propone incorporar reglas activas para preservar todas las restricciones de integridad asociadas a un dominio dentro de la BD y proporcionar a los diseñadores herramientas que faciliten la generación automática de estas reglas, el análisis de su comportamiento teniendo en cuenta las interacciones con el resto de elementos de la BD y su visualización. El trabajo está enmarcado dentro del proyecto "Plataforma de gestión de procesos software: Modelado, reutilización y medición“. TIN2004/07083 ----------------------------------------Abstract: In database development methodologies, conceptual models are more abstract and concerned to express more accurately the semantics of the real world. A problem is produced when we want to maintain this semantics in the following phase of methodologies: the logical phase. Most of these methodologies are agree with the application of the relational model to transform the conceptual scheme into a logical scheme. To do that, a set of transformation rules is applied. These rules are basics and simples, they specify the transformation of the simplest conceptual elements and this implies a lost semantics. Therefore, databases developers must employ different mechanisms to enforce database consistency. To verify integrity constraints, the recent SQL standard and almost all commercial DBMSs support two ways: declaratively mechanisms and procedural mechanisms. Declarative mechanisms provide a fundamental base and traditional strategy to enforce business basic rules by using constraints such as: Not Null, Default, Unique, Primary Key, Foreign Key, Check, Domain, and Assertion. Because of these constructors are insufficient to express all integrity constraints, procedural mechanisms active rules/triggers are used in order to control these constraints inside the DBMS. In this doctoral thesis work, incorporating active rules into database are proposed to preserve all integrity constraints associated. Moreover, we provide some tools to facilitate: automatic rules generation, rules analysis, and rules behaviour visualization considering the interactions with the reminder of elements. This work is part of the project "Software Process Management Platform: modelling, reuse and measurement". TIN2004/0708

Managing complex taxonomic data in an object-oriented database.

This thesis addresses the problem of multiple overlapping classifications in object-oriented databases through the example of plant taxonomy. These multiple overlapping classifications are independent simple classifications that share information (nodes and leaves), therefore overlap. Plant taxonomy was chosen as the motivational application domain because taxonomic classifications are especially complex and have changed over long periods of time, therefore overlap in a significant manner. This work extracts basic requirements for the support of multiple overlapping classifications in general, and in the context of plant taxonomy in particular. These requirements form the basis on which a prototype is defmed and built. The prototype, an extended object-oriented database, is extended from an object-oriented model based on ODMG through the provision of a relationship management mechanism. These relationships form the main feature used to build classifications. This emphasis on relationships allows the description of classifications orthogonal to the classified data (for reuse and integration of the mechanism with existing databases and for classification of non co-operating data), and allows an easier and more powerful management of semantic data (both within and without a classification). Additional mechanisms such as integrity constraints are investigated and implemented. Finally, the implementation of the prototype is presented and is evaluated, from the point of view of both usability and expressiveness (using plant taxonomy as an application), and its performance as a database system. This evaluation shows that the prototype meets the needs of taxonomists