Effectiveness of Ergonomic Chair Against Musculoskeletal Disorders in Female Batik Workers of Sragen District

The majority of female batik workers uses non-ergonomic chairs (dingklik) that pose risks of musculoskeletal disorders. This study aimed to design an ergonomic chair and evaluate its effectiveness in reducing musculoskeletal disorders among the workers. This is a quasi-experimental study (using one group pre and post-test design) on 50 female batik workers selected by quota sampling. Musculoskeletal disorders were measured among the samples before and after the use of the designed ergonomic chair which they were asked to use for two months. T-test, ANCOVA, Wilcoxon test, McNemar test and Chi Square test were used for the analysis. The study found statistical significant differences of risk factor against musculoskeletal disorders among the workers before and after their use of the designed ergonomic chair (p=0.000); and of musculoskeletal disorders before and after using the ergonomic chair (p= 0,035). Body Mass Index (BMI) was identified as a confounding factor, and statistical significant difference of musculoskeletal disorders were also found among the workers with <25 and >25 BMI even before and after using the ergonomic chair (p=0.033 and p=0.015 respectively). By ANCOVA statistical test, after controlling BMI, another statistical difference of musculoskeletal disorders was also identified before and after using the ergonomic chair (p=0.033). It is concluded that the designed ergonomic chair is effective to reduce the risk of musculoskeletal disorders

Organisational downsizing and musculoskeletal problems in employees: a prospective study

Objectives: To study the association between organisational downsizing and subsequent musculoskeletal problems in employees and to determine the association with changes in psychosocial and behavioural risk factors. Methods: Participants were 764 municipal employees working in Raisio, Finland before and after an organisational downsizing carried out between 1991 and 1993. The outcome measures were self reports of severity and sites of musculoskeletal pain at the end of 1993 and medically certified musculoskeletal sickness absence for 1993-5. The contribution of changes in psychosocial work characteristics and health related behaviour between the 1990 and 1993 surveys was assessed by adjustment. Results: After adjustment for age, sex, and income, the odds ratio (OR) for severe musculoskeletal pain between major and minor downsizing and the corresponding rate ratios for musculoskeletal sickness absence were 2.59 (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.5 to 4.5) and 5.50 (3.6 to 7.6), respectively. Differences between the mean number of sites of pain after major and minor downsizing was 0.99 (0.4 to 1.6). The largest contribution from changes in work characteristics and health related behaviour to the association between downsizing and musculoskeletal problems was from increases in physical demands, particularly in women and low income employees. Additional contributory factors were reduction of skill discretion (relative to musculoskeletal pain) and job insecurity. The results were little different when analyses were confined to initially healthy participants. Conclusions: Downsizing is a risk factor for musculoskeletal problems among those who remain in employment. Much of this risk is attributable to increased physical demands, but adverse changes in other psychosocial factors may also play a part

Sintomatología musculoesquelética en estudiantes de enfermería: un análisis de concepto

Objective: to analyze the musculoskeletal symptomatology concept in undergraduate nursing students through Rodgers' evolutionary method. Method: An integrative review of the literature was performed for the identification and selection of ten articles. A concept analysis was performed according to Rodgers' evolutionary method. Article search was performed using the EBOSCO Host platform, Virtual Health Library and Google scholar for the years from 2004 to 2018. Results: Based on the 3 elements of Rodgers model we found: 1) substitute terms and related concepts, where musculoskeletal disorders and musculoskeletal symptoms were highlighted; 2) as essential attributes of the concept we highlight pain and discomfort, as well as, measurement using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire; and 3) risk factors were identified as antecedents, and the consequences were the impact on students' lives. Conclusions: This study contributes to the knowledge and clarification of the concept of musculoskeletal symptomatology in nursing students

One year in review: ultrasound in arthritis

Musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSUS) has become a relevant part of rheumatology practice and research because it substantially allows us to optimize management of rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases. This non-invasive imaging modality is a valuable point-of-care tool to accurately evaluate intra-articular and periarticular structures involved in a wide range of rheumatic diseases in adults and children. In addition, MSUS is an invaluable bedside aid for guiding accurate and safe musculoskeletal aspirations, injections and biopsies. This review provides an overview of the literature of the last year on the role of MSUS in arthritis

Undiagnosed mood disorders and sleep disturbances in primary care patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain.

Objective. The study aims to determine the prevalence of undiagnosed comorbid mood disorders in patients suffering chronic musculoskeletal pain in a primary care setting and to identify sleep disturbances and other associated factors in these patients, and to compare the use of health services by chronic musculoskeletal pain patients with and without comorbid mood disorders. Design. Cross-sectional study. Subjects. A total of 1,006 patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain from a representative sample of primary care centers were evaluated. Outcome Measures. Pain was measured using a visual analog scale and the Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders questionnaire was used to measure mood disorders. Results. We observed a high prevalence of undiagnosed mood disorders in chronic musculoskeletal pain patients (74.7%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 71.9–77.4%), with greater comorbidity in women (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.91, 95% CI 1.37–2.66%) and widow(er)s (adjusted OR = 1.87, 95% CI 1.19–2.91%). Both sleep disturbances (adjusted OR = 1.60, 95% CI 1.17–2.19%) and pain intensity (adjusted OR = 1.02, 95% CI 1.01–1.02%) displayed a direct relationship with mood disorders. Moreover, we found that chronic musculoskeletal pain patients with comorbid mood disorders availed of health care services more frequently than those without (P < 0.001). Conclusions. The prevalence of undiagnosed mood disorders in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain is very high in primary care settings. Our findings suggest that greater attention should be paid to this condition in general practice and that sleep disorders should be evaluated in greater detail to achieve accurate diagnoses and select the most appropriate treatment

Common exercise prescription for management of weight and osteoarthritis : a systematic review : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Sport and Exercise at Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand

Background: Obesity and osteoarthritis are two debilitating conditions that are increasing in prevalence. Obese populations are at an increased risk for developing osteoarthritis in later life. Exercise has been shown to be successful in improving both weight status and musculoskeletal pain, yet it remains unclear if there is an exercise intervention that results in improved weight status while preventing the development of osteoarthritis. Objective: The purpose of this systematic review is to investigate the existence of a natural overlap in exercise prescription for obese and osteoarthritic populations and recommend an evidence-based exercise intervention for the management of weight and prevention of musculoskeletal pain. Methods: A structured electronic review was conducted using the following electronic databases: MEDLINE, PubMed, and SPORTDiscus. Two searches were performed using the search strings “obes*” AND “exercise” AND “interven*” AND “musculoskeletal pain OR knee pain OR hip pain” and “osteoarth*” AND “exercise” AND “interven*” AND “musculoskeletal pain OR knee pain OR hip pain”. Studies were then reviewed using inclusion/exclusion criteria (exclusion criteria: menopausal, cancer, review, obesity related co-morbidities, animal studies; inclusion criteria: studies had to be randomised controlled trials, participants aged 18-50, include non-exercise control, and outcomes must include physical function or musculoskeletal pain). Included studies were ranked by change in measured outcome variables (descending order); a summary of recommended exercise prescription was based on common prescription used in the interventions with greatest change. A Downs and Black checklist was completed for all studies included in this review to assess methodological quality. Results: Twenty-one studies met inclusion criteria and were included in this review (obesity n = 11; OA n = 7; obesity & OA n= 3). Exercise significantly improved weight status and/or musculoskeletal pain. Similarities in exercise intensity (40-80% VO2max), frequency (3 times per week), duration (30-60 minutes), and exercise mode (treadmill, cross-trainer, stationary bike, aquatic exercise) were observed between studies. Conclusion: Substantial overlap in exercise prescription for obese and OA populations exist. These findings suggest that moderate intensity exercise for 30-60 minutes, 3 times per weeks can achieve effective improvements in weight and musculoskeletal pain. Exercise and weight loss are effective treatments for obesity and musculoskeletal symptoms and should be recommended to all at-risk individuals

Gender and Posture are Significant Risk Factors to Musculoskeletal Symptoms during Touchscreen Tablet Computer Use

[Purpose] To investigate the prevalence of neck and shoulder symptoms during the use of tablet computer, and to identify the risk factors associated with these symptoms. [Subjects and Methods] A cross-sectional survey was conducted to study tablet computer usage, posture during use, and neck and shoulder symptoms in 412 participants in a school setting. Significant risk factors for musculoskeletal symptoms during tablet computer use were identified. [Results] Overall prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms during tablet computer use was 67.9% with greater prevalence of neck symptoms (neck: 84.6%; shoulder/upper extremity: 65.4%). Significant risk factors associated with symptoms during use were: current musculoskeletal symptoms, gender, roles, and postural factors including: sitting without back support, sitting with device in lap, and lying on the side and on the back during tablet computer use. A multivariate analysis further showed that the odds for females to have symptoms were 2.059 times higher than males. [Conclusion] The findings revealed that female gender and other postural factors were significantly associated with musculoskeletal symptoms during the use of tablet computer. Among all postural factors, sitting without back support was identified as the most important risk factor for having musculoskeletal symptom

Retrospective analysis of chronic injuries in recreational and competitive surfers:Injury location, type, and mechanism

Only two studies have reported on chronic musculoskeletal surfing injuries. They found over half of the injuries were non-musculoskeletal, but did not consider mechanisms of injury. This study identified the location, type, and mechanisms of chronic injury in Australian recreational and competitive surfers using a crosssectional retrospective observational design. A total of 1,348 participants (91.3% males, 43.1% competitive surfers) reported 1,068 chronic injuries, 883 of which were classified as major. Lower back (23.2%), shoulder (22.4%), and knee (12.1%) regions had the most chronic injuries. Competitive surfers had significantly (p \u3c .05) more lower back, ankle/foot, and head/face injuries than recreational surfers. Injuries were mostly musculoskeletal with only 7.8% being of non-musculoskeletal origin. Prolonged paddling was the highest frequency (21.1%) for mechanism of injury followed by turning maneuvers (14.8%). The study results contribute to the limited research on chronic surfing injuries

Accuration of Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy in Musculoskeletal Tumour

Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) has been reported to be the preferable choice of biopsy for musculoskeletal tumour. While FNAB appears to have advantages to core biopsy in the aspect of simplicity and cost, the diagnostic accuracy should be the most critical parameter in determining the choice of biopsy. This research was designed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of fine needle aspiration in musculoskeletal tumour in Sardjito Hospital from 2010 until 2014. This was a descriptive study from medical record in Sardjito Hospital from 2010 until 2014. The inclusion criteria are musculoskeletal tumours in all age level that has been performed FNAB with subsequent operative treatment and confirmation of histopathology examination in Sardjito Hospital. There were 41 elligible subjects in this study. Concordance diagnosis of FNAB and histopathological examination in all musculoskeletal tumor cases was found to be 86%. In addition, the concordance in soft tissue tumor cases was 94% with the detail as follows: giant cell tumor was 86%, synovial sarcoma was 50% and liposarcoma was 50%. In bone tumours, the accuracy was found to be 60% with the detail as follows: distribute osteosarcoma was 60%, osteochondroma was 50% and chondrosarcoma was 50%. Our data showed that accuracy of FNAB for diagnosis of musculoskeletal tumours was 86% with soft tissue tumour 94%, bone tumour 60% and others 93%. Therefore, Fine needle aspiration biopsy is still important diagnosis tool in musculoskeletal tumours