Advanced HCI and 3D Web over Low performance Devices

This position paper presents the authors’ goals on advanced human computer interaction and 3D Web -- Previous work on speech, natural language processing and visual technologies has achieved the development of the BerbaTek language learning demonstrator, a 3D virtual tutor that supports Basque language students through spoken interaction -- Next steps consist on migrating all the system to multidevice web technologies -- This paper shows the architecture defined and the steps to be performed in the next month

A UI-centric Approach for the End-User Development of Multidevice Mashups

In recent years, models, composition paradigms, and tools for mashup development have been proposed to support the integration of information sources, services and APIs available on the Web. The challenge is to provide a gate to a “programmable Web,” where end users are allowed to construct easily composite applications that merge content and functions so as to satisfy the long tail of their specific needs. The approaches proposed so far do not fully accommodate this vision. This article, therefore, proposes a mashup development framework that is oriented toward the End-User Development. Given the fundamental role of user interfaces (UIs) as a medium easily understandable by the end users, the proposed approach is characterized by UI-centric models able to support a WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get) specification of data integration and service orchestration. It, therefore, contributes to the definition of adequate abstractions that, by hiding the technology and implementation complexity, can be adopted by the end users in a kind of “democratic” paradigm for mashup development. This article also shows how model-to-code generative techniques translate models into application schemas, which in turn guide the dynamic instantiation of the composite applications at runtime. This is achieved through lightweight execution environments that can be deployed on the Web and on mobile devices to support the pervasive use of the created applications.</jats:p

A design pattern for multimodal and multidevice user interfaces

In this paper, we introduce the MVIC pattern for creating multidevice and multimodal interfaces. We discuss the advantages provided by introducing a new component to the MVC pattern for those interfaces which must adapt to different devices and modalities. The proposed solution is based on an input model defining equivalent and complementary sequence of inputs for the same interaction. In addition, we discuss Djestit, a javascript library which allows creating multidevice and multimodal input models for web applications, applying the aforementioned pattern. The library supports the integration of multiple devices (Kinect 2, Leap Motion, touchscreens) and different modalities (gestural, vocal and touch). Copyright is held by the owner/author(s)

Activity-based computing: computational management of activities reflecting human intention

An important research topic in artificial intelligence is automatic sensing and inferencing of contextual information, which is used to build computer models of the user’s activity. One approach to build such activity-aware systems is the notion of activity-based computing (ABC). ABC is a computing paradigm that has been applied in personal information management applications as well as in ubiquitous, multidevice, and interactive surface computing. ABC has emerged as a response to the traditional application- and file-centered computing paradigm, which is oblivious to a notion of a user’s activity context spanning heterogeneous devices, multiple applications, services, and information sources. In this article, we present ABC as an approach to contextualize information, and present our research into designing activity-centric computing technologies

A Multi-Factor Homomorphic Encryption based Method for Authenticated Access to IoT Devices

Authentication is the first defence mechanism in many electronic systems, including Internet of Things (IoT) applications, as it is essential for other security services such as intrusion detection. As existing authentication solutions proposed for IoT environments do not provide multi-level authentication assurance, particularly for device-to-device authentication scenarios, we recently proposed the M2I (Multi-Factor Multi-Level and Interaction based Authentication) framework to facilitate multi-factor authentication of devices in device-to-device and device-to-multiDevice interactions. In this paper, we extend the framework to address group authentication. Two Many-to-One (M2O) protocols are proposed, the Hybrid Group Authentication and Key Acquisition (HGAKA) protocol and the Hybrid Group Access (HGA) protocol. The protocols use a combination of symmetric and asymmetric cryptographic primitives to facilitate multifactor group authentication. The informal analysis and formal security verification show that the protocols satisfy the desirable security requirements and are secure against authentication attacks

A Survey on Smart Home Authentication: Toward Secure, Multi-Level and Interaction-based Identification

With the increased number and reduced cost of smart devices, Internet of Things (IoT) applications such as smart home (SHome) are increasingly popular. Owing to the characteristics of IoT environments such as resource constrained devices, existing authentication solutions may not be suitable to secure these environments. As a result, a number of authentication solutions specifically designed for IoT environments have been proposed. This paper provides a critical analysis of existing authentication solutions. The major contributions of the paper are as follows. First, it presents a generic model derived from an SHome use-case scenario. Secondly, based on the model, it performs a threat analysis to identify possible means of attacks. The analysis leads to the specification of a set of desirable security requirements for the design of authentication solutions for SHome. Thirdly, based on the requirements, existing authentication solutions are analysed and some ideas for achieving effective and efficient authentication in IoT environments are proposed

Multichannel consumer behaviors in the mobile environment: Using fsQCA and discriminant analysis to understand webrooming motivations

This study examines how different motivations determine three types of webrooming: traditional webrooming, webrooming extended to include mobile devices, and multidevice webrooming. The examination uses in- formation-processing and uncertainty-reduction theories and fsQCA and discriminant analysis methods. The data derived from a convenience sample obtained through personal and online surveys. The results from the discriminant analysis indicate a significantly positive effect of information attainment on explaining all beha- viors, and price comparison orientation and empowerment for mobile-related behaviors. The fsQCA findings show various motivational configurations for each webrooming behavior. In almost all, both information-pro- cessing and uncertainty-reduction motivations exist that support the importance of the underlying theories in explaining webrooming. Furthermore, empowerment is more relevant in behaviors where mobile device usage is always present. This study enriches the theoretical body of the webrooming construct, and the results can guide marketing and multichannel managers in developing differentiated strategies that address consumers' web- rooming-specific needs.This work was supported by FCT, I.P.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A Multifactor Multilevel and Interaction Based (M2I) Authentication Framework for Internet of Things (IoT) Applications

Existing authentication solutions proposed for Internet of Things (IoT) provide a single Level of Assurance (LoA) regardless of the sensitivity levels of the resources or interactions between IoT devices being protected. For effective (with adequate level of protection) and efficient (with as low overhead costs as possible) protections, it may be desirable to tailor the protection level in response to the sensitivity level of the resources, as a stronger protection level typically imposes a higher level of overheads costs. In this paper, we investigate how to facilitate multi-LoA authentication for IoT by proposing a multi-factor multi-level and interaction based (M2I) authentication framework. The framework implements LoA linked and interaction based authentication. Two interaction modes are investigated, P2P (Peer-to-Peer) and O2M (One-to-Many) via the design of two corresponding protocols. Evaluation results show that adopting the O2M interaction mode in authentication can cut communication cost significantly; compared with that of the Kerberos protocol, the O2M protocol reduces the communication cost by 42% ~ 45%. The protocols also introduce less computational cost. The P2P and O2M protocol, respectively, reduce the computational cost by 70% ~ 72% and 81% ~ 82% in comparison with that of Kerberos. Evaluation results also show that the two factor authentication option costs twice as much as that of the one-factor option