Improvement and Performance Evaluation for Multimedia Files Transmission in Vehicle-Based DTNs

In recent years, P2P file sharing has been widely embraced and becomes the largest application of the Internet traffic. And the development of automobile industry has promoted a trend of deploying Peer-to-Peer (P2P) networks over vehicle ad hoc networks (VANETs) for mobile content distribution. Due to the high mobility of nodes, nodes’ limited radio transmission range and sparse distribution, VANETs are divided and links are interrupted intermittently. At this moment, VANETs may become Vehicle-based Delay Tolerant Network (VDTNs). Therefore, this work proposes an Optimal Fragmentation-based Multimedia Transmission scheme (OFMT) based on P2P lookup protocol in VDTNs, which can enable multimedia files to be sent to the receiver fast and reliably in wireless mobile P2P networks over VDTNs. In addition, a method of calculating the most suitable size of the fragment is provided, which is tested and verified in the simulation. And we also show that OFMT can defend a certain degree of DoS attack and senders can freely join and leave the wireless mobile P2P network. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can significantly improve the performance of the file delivery rate and shorten the file delivery delay compared with the existing schemes

Improvement and Performance Evaluation for Multimedia Files Transmission in Vehicle-Based DTNs

In recent years, P2P file sharing has been widely embraced and becomes the largest application of the Internet traffic. And thedevelopment of automobile industry has promoted a trend of deploying Peer-to-Peer (P2P) networks over vehicle ad hoc networks(VANETs) for mobile content distribution. Due to the high mobility of nodes, nodes’ limited radio transmission range and sparsedistribution, VANETs are divided and links are interrupted intermittently. At this moment, VANETs may become Vehicle-basedDelay Tolerant Network (VDTNs). Therefore, this work proposes an Optimal Fragmentation-based Multimedia Transmissionscheme (OFMT) based on P2P lookup protocol in VDTNs, which can enable multimedia files to be sent to the receiver fast andreliably in wireless mobile P2P networks over VDTNs. In addition, a method of calculating the most suitable size of the fragmentis provided, which is tested and verified in the simulation. And we also show that OFMT can defend a certain degree of DoS attackand senders can freely join and leave the wireless mobile P2P network. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed schemecan significantly improve the performance of the file delivery rate and shorten the file delivery delay compared with the existingschemes

A peer-to-peer file search and download protocol for wireless ad-hoc networks

Deployment of traditional peer-to-peer file sharing systems on a wireless ad-hoc network introduces several challenges. Information and workload distribution as well as routing are major problems for members of a wireless ad-hoc network, which are only aware of their immediate neighborhood. In this paper, we propose a file sharing system that is able to answer location queries, and also discover and maintain the routing information that is used to transfer files from a source peer to another peer. We present a cross-layer design, where the lookup and routing functionality are unified. The system works according to peer-to-peer principles, distributes the location information of the shared files among the members of the network. The paper includes a sample scenario to make the operations of the system clearer. The performance of the system is evaluated using simulation results and analysis is provided for comparing our approach with a flooding-based, unstructured approach. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Scenarios and system dynamics of mobile peer-to-peer content distribution

Vertaisverkkoteknologian menestys kiinteissä verkoissa on johtanut vertaisverkkototeutuksiin myös mobiileissa verkoissa. Mobiilin vertaisverkkoteknologian tulevaisuuden suhteen on tosin vielä paljon epävarmuutta, koska operaattorit ja muut sidosryhmän jäsenet, jotka kärsivät laittoman tiedostonvaihdon seurauksista kiinteän verkon puolella, pelkäävät saman tapahtuvan myös mobiileissa verkoissa. Täten he saattavat yrittää estää mobiilin vertaisverkkoteknologian kehittymistä. On myös epävarmaa onko mobiilille vertaisverkkoteknologialle tarvetta loppukäyttäjän näkökulmasta, eritoten kun mobiililaitteiden suorituskyvyt ovat huomattavasti alhaisempia kuin kiinteiden. Tämä diplomityö keskittyy mobiilin vertaisverkon sisällönjakeluun. Sisällönjakelu on jaettu tiedostonvaihtoon, sisällön suoratoistoon ja kaupallisiin sisältöjärjestelmiin. Työ antaa näkemystä mobiilin vertaisverkon sisällönjakelun olennaisimpiin skenaarioihin, sidosryhmän jäseniin ja heidän kannustimiin. Mobiilin vertaisverkon sisällönjakelun epävarmuutta rajataan käyttämällä skenaarioanalyysiä ja mallinnetaan systeemidynamiikalla. Olennaisimmat skenaariot rakennetaan Schoemakerin metodilla ja niiden mallinnusta yritetään systeemidynamiikan keinoin. Tuloksena saadaan neljä eri skenaariota, jotka on kehitetty brainstorming -tilaisuuksissa ja kirjallisuuskatsauksessa löydettyjen avaintrendien ja -epävarmuustekijöiden perusteella. Skenaarioiden kvantitatiivisen mallinnuksen sijaan mallinnetaan skenaarioihin perustuvan mobiilin vertaisverkon sisällönjakelujärjestelmän dynaamista käyttäytymistä. Vaikka joitakin mobiilia vertaisverkkoteknologiaa hyödyntäviä sovelluksia on jo kehitetty ja käytössä, sekä aihetta tutkittu laajasti, vieläkin on epävarmaa mikä teknologian vaikutus tulee olemaan. Tämä diplomityö esittää mahdollisia vaikutuksia teknologialle ja antaa lähtökohdan tulevalle mobiilien vertaisverkon sisällönjakelujärjestelmien kvantitatiiviselle mallinnukselle. Systeemidynamiikka on toteuttamiskelpoinen vaihtoehto tavallisemmille mallinnustekniikoille, kuten taulukkolaskentamallinnukselle, jonka etuna on järjestelmän takaisinkytkentäsilmukkojen mallintaminen. Kun mobiili vertaisverkkoteknologia kehittyy, enemmän dataa tulee saataville ja vaihtoehtoisten systeemidynamiikkamallien rakentaminen on suositeltavaa.The success of peer-to-peer technology in the fixed networks has led to peer-to-peer implementations in the mobile networks as well. There is, however, a lot of uncertainty regarding the future of mobile peer-to-peer technology as the operators and other stakeholders that were affected negatively by illegal peer-to-peer file sharing in the fixed networks are afraid that it might happen in the mobile domain as well. Thus they might try to prevent mobile peer-to-peer technology from emerging. There is also the question whether there really is a need for peer-to-peer technology in the mobile domain from the end users' perspective, especially as the mobile device capabilities are considerably lower compared to the fixed ones. This thesis concentrates on mobile peer-to-peer content distribution. Content distribution is divided to file exchange, content streaming and commercial content systems. The thesis provides insight to the most relevant scenarios, stakeholders and their incentives related to mobile peer-to-peer content distribution. The uncertainty regarding mobile peer-to-peer content distribution will be bounded using scenario analysis and modeled using system dynamics. The most relevant scenarios regarding mobile peer-to-peer content distribution are constructed using Schoemaker's method and modeling of these scenarios is attempted with system dynamics. As a result four different scenarios are developed based on the key trends and uncertainties discovered during the literature review and brainstorming sessions. Instead of modeling the scenarios quantitatively, the dynamic behavior of a mobile peer-to-peer content distribution system based on the scenarios is modeled with system dynamics. Although there are some mobile peer-to-peer content distribution applications already developed and used, and the topic is considerably researched, it is still uncertain what the outcome of the technology will be. This thesis presents possible outcomes for the technology and provides a starting point for further quantitative modeling of mobile peer-to-peer content distribution systems. System dynamics provides a viable alternative to more common modeling techniques such as spreadsheet modeling, with a distinctive benefit of modeling the feedback loops in a system when used proficiently. As the mobile peer-to-peer technology evolves, more data becomes available and the construction of alternative system dynamics models is encouraged

Towards Trustworthy, Efficient and Scalable Distributed Wireless Systems

Advances in wireless technologies have enabled distributed mobile devices to connect with each other to form distributed wireless systems. Due to the absence of infrastructure, distributed wireless systems require node cooperation in multi-hop routing. However, the openness and decentralized nature of distributed wireless systems where each node labors under a resource constraint introduces three challenges: (1) cooperation incentives that effectively encourage nodes to offer services and thwart the intentions of selfish and malicious nodes, (2) cooperation incentives that are efficient to deploy, use and maintain, and (3) routing to efficiently deliver messages with less overhead and lower delay. While most previous cooperation incentive mechanisms rely on either a reputation system or a price system, neither provides sufficiently effective cooperation incentives nor efficient resource consumption. Also, previous routing algorithms are not sufficiently efficient in terms of routing overhead or delay. In this research, we propose mechanisms to improve the trustworthiness, scalability, and efficiency of the distributed wireless systems. Regarding trustworthiness, we study previous cooperation incentives based on game theory models. We then propose an integrated system that combines a reputation system and a price system to leverage the advantages of both methods to provide trustworthy services. Analytical and simulation results show higher performance for the integrated system compared to the other two systems in terms of the effectiveness of the cooperation incentives and detection of selfish nodes. Regarding scalability in a large-scale system, we propose a hierarchical Account-aided Reputation Management system (ARM) to efficiently and effectively provide cooperation incentives with small overhead. To globally collect all node reputation information to accurately calculate node reputation information and detect abnormal reputation information with low overhead, ARM builds a hierarchical locality-aware Distributed Hash Table (DHT) infrastructure for the efficient and integrated operation of both reputation systems and price systems. Based on the DHT infrastructure, ARM can reduce the reputation management overhead in reputation and price systems. We also design a distributed reputation manager auditing protocol to detect a malicious reputation manager. The experimental results show that ARM can detect the uncooperative nodes that gain fraudulent benefits while still being considered as trustworthy in previous reputation and price systems. Also, it can effectively identify misreported, falsified, and conspiratorial information, providing accurate node reputations that truly reflect node behaviors. Regarding an efficient distributed system, we propose a social network and duration utility-based distributed multi-copy routing protocol for delay tolerant networks based on the ARM system. The routing protocol fully exploits node movement patterns in the social network to increase delivery throughput and decrease delivery delay while generating low overhead. The simulation results show that the proposed routing protocol outperforms the epidemic routing and spray and wait routing in terms of higher message delivery throughput, lower message delivery delay, lower message delivery overhead, and higher packet delivery success rate. The three components proposed in this dissertation research improve the trustworthiness, scalability, and efficiency of distributed wireless systems to meet the requirements of diversified distributed wireless applications

Fast Scalable Peer-to-Peer Lookup Services for Multi-Hop Wireless Networks

Recent years have seen growing popularity of multi-hop wireless networks such as wireless mesh networks and sensor networks. Such systems require efficient lookup services for reliable system operation such as packet routing, key-discovery, and object lookup. The lack of infrastructure, however, makes the centralized lookup fail to scale in multi-hop wireless networks. For example, consider a citywide wireless mesh network which provides wireless connection service to a number of mobile users. Due to a high volume of user access and inherent vulnerability of wireless links, centralized authentication methods fail to scale. The decentralization of user authentication, however, faces a challenge of key discovery ; how to find the location of user keys. Motivated from the user authentication problem in wireless mesh networks, this dissertation work aims to provide efficient and scalable distributed lookup services for multi-hop wireless networks. Employing the notion of peer-to-peer lookup where each node can both query and respond, I present two different methods: Valley-Walk and Rigs. A loosely-structured scheme Valley-Walk strategically places object copies and locates them efficiently only with a minimal local structure. The Valley-Walk finds target objects in near-optimal hop counts with a moderate number of copies (e.g., 10% the network size) stored in the network. Without a global structure, however, Valley-Walk fails to guarantee the low cost search with a small number of copies. A tightly-structured scheme Rigs (Ring Interval Graph Search) realizes a Distributed Hash Table (DHT) in multi-hop wireless networks. Experimental study shows the limitations of existing DHTs in mult-hop wireless networks due to its independence of underlying topology. Unlike DHT, Rigs constructs a search structure Ring Interval Graph such that queries are forwarded only to local neighbors. Rigs guarantees successful object lookup with near-optimal performance

Contribución al diseño de protocolos de encaminamiento en redes móviles ad-hoc basados en reputación

The mobile ad-hoc networks are part of the next generation access networks (Next Generation Networking o NGN), "all-IP" networks facing the great scientific and technical challenge that is the ubiquitous computing The mobile ad-hoc networks are useful in situations where rapid deployment is required in an area where there is no infrastructure. The nodes can act as sources, destinations or as routers to transmit data from one node to another node not accessible with a single jump In this thesis we present two new algorithms of reputation-based routing protocols, REMODE_sw (Reputation for Mobile Devices Static Weight) and DrepSR (Dynamic reputation-based Source Routing), which use DSR (Dynamic Source Routing) as a routing protocol engine. The REMODE_sw protocol (Reputation for Mobile Devices Static Weight) is static weight and DrepSR (Dynamic reputation-based Source Routing) is dynamic weight, the difference is in the behavior of beta, which is the weight that reputation values (of each network node) new have in relation to historical values, REMODE_sw (Reputation for Mobile Devices Static Weight) maintains a constant beta value, while DrepSR (Dynamic reputation-based Source Routing) based on the behavior of the variance (of the reputation of each node in the network), independently updates the beta values of each node in the network, achieving that the reputation values(of each node in the network) approximate their average value with greater speed, in order that the reputation system has more accurate information on the behavior of each node The two new algorithms estimate the RFVs (Reputation Forwarding Values) in an ad-hoc mobile network, the main thing is to be able to choose those paths that are formed by the nodes with greater reputation, thus avoiding the less collaborative nodes. Reputation estimation is done using only first-hand information available to the node based on its experience in the network. For REMODE_sw (Reputation for Mobile Devices Static Weight) we have made the implementation of the algorithm on NS-2.35 (Network Simulator Version 2.35) using scenarios created with Bonnmotion v3.0, while for DrepSR (Dynamic reputation-based Source Routing) we have developed a simulator of an ad-hoc mobile network using MATLAB R2017b, inside this simulator we have implemented the algorithm DrepSR (Dynamic reputation-based Source Routing), likewise this simulation scenarios are created using Bonnmotionv3.0. As a general conclusion we have verified that the two new algorithms truly identify the most cooperative paths, which implies an improvement of the total packet loss fraction (average of all the paths of the network), since that allows to avoid the selfish nodes of the network.Las redes móviles ad-hoc son parte de las redes de acceso de próxima generación (Next Generation Networking o NGN), redes “all-IP” que hacen frente al gran desafío científico y técnico que es la computación ubicua Las redes móviles ad-hoc son útiles en situaciones donde se requiere un rápido despliegue en una zona en la que no hay infraestructura. Los nodos pueden actuar como fuentes, destinos o como encaminadores para transmitir datos de un nodo a otro nodo no accesible con un único salto En esta tesis presentamos dos nuevos algoritmos de protocolos de encaminamiento basados en reputación, REMODE_sw (Reputation for Mobile Devices Static Weight) y DrepSR (Dynamic reputation-based Source Routing), los cuales utilizan DSR (Dynamic Source Routing) como motor de protocolo de encaminamiento. El protocolo REMODE_sw (Reputation for Mobile Devices Static Weight) es de peso estático y DrepSR (Dynamic reputation-based Source Routing) es de peso dinámico, la diferencia se encuentra en el comportamiento de beta, el cual es el peso que los valores de reputación (de cada nodo de la red) nuevos tienen en relación a los valores históricos, REMODE_sw (Reputation for Mobile Devices Static Weight) mantiene un valor de beta constante, mientras que DrepSR (Dynamic reputation-based Source Routing) en base al comportamiento de la varianza (de la reputación de cada nodo de la red), actualiza de forma independiente los valores de beta de cada nodo de la red, consiguiendo que los valores de reputación (de cada nodo de la red) se aproximen a su valor medio con mayor rapidez, con la finalidad de que el sistema de reputación cuente con información más precisa sobre el comportamiento de cada nodo Los dos nuevos algoritmos estiman las RFVs (Reputation Forwarding Values) en una red móvil ad-hoc, lo primordial es poder elegir aquellos caminos que son formados por los nodos con mayor reputación, evitando así los nodos menos colaborativos. La estimación de la reputación se realiza utilizando únicamente información de primera mano disponible para el nodo en función de su experiencia en la red Para REMODE_sw (Reputation for Mobile Devices Static Weight) hemos realizado la implementación del algoritmo sobre NS-2.35 (Network Simulator Version 2.35) utilizando escenarios creados con Bonnmotion v3.0, mientras que para DrepSR (Dynamic reputation-based Source Routing) hemos desarrollado un simulador de una red móvil ad-hoc utilizando MATLAB R2017b, dentro de dicho simulador hemos implementado el algoritmo DrepSR (Dynamic reputation-based Source Routing), igualmente estos escenarios de simulación se crean utilizando Bonnmotion v3.0 Como conclusión general hemos podido comprobar que los dos nuevos algoritmos verdaderamente identifican los caminos más cooperativos, lo que supone una mejora de la fracción de pérdida de paquetes total (promedio de todos los caminos de la red), ya que permite evitar los nodos egoístas de la red.Les xarxes mòbils ad hoc són part de les xarxes d'accés de pròxima generació (Next Generation Networking o NGN), xarxes "all IP" que fan front al gran desafiament científic i tècnic que és la computació ubiqua Les xarxes mòbils ad hoc són útils en situacions on es requereix un ràpid desplegament en una zona en la qual no hi ha infraestructura. Els nodes poden actuar com a fonts, destinacions o com encaminaments per transmetre dades d'un node a un altre node no accessible amb un únic salt En aquesta tesi presentem dos nous algoritmes de protocols d'encaminament basats en reputació, REMODE_sw (Reputation for Mobile Devices Static Weight) i DrepSR (Dynamic reputation based Source Routing), els quals utilitzen DSR (Dynamic Source Routing) com a motor de protocol d'encaminament. El protocol REMODE_sw (Reputation for Mobile Devices Static Weight) és de pes estàtic i DrepSR (Dynamic reputation based Source Routing) és de pes dinàmic, la diferència es troba en el comportament de beta, el qual és el pes que els valors de reputació (de cada node de la xarxa) nous tenen en relació als valors històrics, REMODE_sw (Reputation for Mobile Devices Static Weight) manté un valor de beta constant, mentre que DrepSR (Dynamic reputation based Source Routing) sobre la base del comportament de la variància (de la reputació de cada node de la xarxa), s'actualitza de forma independent els valors de beta de cada node de la xarxa, aconseguint que els valors de reputació (de cada node de la xarxa) s'aproximin al seu valor mitjà amb major rapidesa, amb la finalitat que el sistema de reputació compti amb informació més precisa sobre el comportament de cada node Els dos nous algoritmes estimen les RFVs (Reputation Forwarding Values) en una xarxa mòbil ad hoc, el primordial és poder triar aquells camins que són formats pels nodes amb més reputació, evitant així els nodes menys col·laboratius. L'estimació de la reputació es realitza utilitzant únicament informació de primera mà disponible per al node en funció de la seva experiència a la xarxa Per REMODE_sw (Reputation for Mobile Devices Static Weight) hem realitzat la implementació de l'algoritme sobre NS 2.35 (Network Simulator Version 2.35) utilitzant escenaris creats amb Bonnmotion v3.0, mentre que per DrepSR (Dynamic reputation--based Source Routing) hem desenvolupat un simulador d'una xarxa mòbil ad--hoc utilitzant MATLAB R2017b, dins d'aquest simulador hem implementat l'algoritme DrepSR (Dynamic reputation--based Source Routing), igualment en aquest simulador s'han utilitzant escenaris creats en Bonnmotion v3.0 Com a conclusió general hem pogut comprovar que els dos nous algoritmes veritablement identifiquen els camins més cooperatius, fet que suposa una millora de la fracció de pèrdua de paquets total (mitjana de tots els camins de la xarxa), ja que permet evitar els nodes egoistes de la xarxaPostprint (published version

Contribución al diseño de protocolos de encaminamiento en redes móviles ad-hoc basados en reputación

The mobile ad-hoc networks are part of the next generation access networks (Next Generation Networking o NGN), "all-IP" networks facing the great scientific and technical challenge that is the ubiquitous computing The mobile ad-hoc networks are useful in situations where rapid deployment is required in an area where there is no infrastructure. The nodes can act as sources, destinations or as routers to transmit data from one node to another node not accessible with a single jump In this thesis we present two new algorithms of reputation-based routing protocols, REMODE_sw (Reputation for Mobile Devices Static Weight) and DrepSR (Dynamic reputation-based Source Routing), which use DSR (Dynamic Source Routing) as a routing protocol engine. The REMODE_sw protocol (Reputation for Mobile Devices Static Weight) is static weight and DrepSR (Dynamic reputation-based Source Routing) is dynamic weight, the difference is in the behavior of beta, which is the weight that reputation values (of each network node) new have in relation to historical values, REMODE_sw (Reputation for Mobile Devices Static Weight) maintains a constant beta value, while DrepSR (Dynamic reputation-based Source Routing) based on the behavior of the variance (of the reputation of each node in the network), independently updates the beta values of each node in the network, achieving that the reputation values(of each node in the network) approximate their average value with greater speed, in order that the reputation system has more accurate information on the behavior of each node The two new algorithms estimate the RFVs (Reputation Forwarding Values) in an ad-hoc mobile network, the main thing is to be able to choose those paths that are formed by the nodes with greater reputation, thus avoiding the less collaborative nodes. Reputation estimation is done using only first-hand information available to the node based on its experience in the network. For REMODE_sw (Reputation for Mobile Devices Static Weight) we have made the implementation of the algorithm on NS-2.35 (Network Simulator Version 2.35) using scenarios created with Bonnmotion v3.0, while for DrepSR (Dynamic reputation-based Source Routing) we have developed a simulator of an ad-hoc mobile network using MATLAB R2017b, inside this simulator we have implemented the algorithm DrepSR (Dynamic reputation-based Source Routing), likewise this simulation scenarios are created using Bonnmotionv3.0. As a general conclusion we have verified that the two new algorithms truly identify the most cooperative paths, which implies an improvement of the total packet loss fraction (average of all the paths of the network), since that allows to avoid the selfish nodes of the network.Las redes móviles ad-hoc son parte de las redes de acceso de próxima generación (Next Generation Networking o NGN), redes “all-IP” que hacen frente al gran desafío científico y técnico que es la computación ubicua Las redes móviles ad-hoc son útiles en situaciones donde se requiere un rápido despliegue en una zona en la que no hay infraestructura. Los nodos pueden actuar como fuentes, destinos o como encaminadores para transmitir datos de un nodo a otro nodo no accesible con un único salto En esta tesis presentamos dos nuevos algoritmos de protocolos de encaminamiento basados en reputación, REMODE_sw (Reputation for Mobile Devices Static Weight) y DrepSR (Dynamic reputation-based Source Routing), los cuales utilizan DSR (Dynamic Source Routing) como motor de protocolo de encaminamiento. El protocolo REMODE_sw (Reputation for Mobile Devices Static Weight) es de peso estático y DrepSR (Dynamic reputation-based Source Routing) es de peso dinámico, la diferencia se encuentra en el comportamiento de beta, el cual es el peso que los valores de reputación (de cada nodo de la red) nuevos tienen en relación a los valores históricos, REMODE_sw (Reputation for Mobile Devices Static Weight) mantiene un valor de beta constante, mientras que DrepSR (Dynamic reputation-based Source Routing) en base al comportamiento de la varianza (de la reputación de cada nodo de la red), actualiza de forma independiente los valores de beta de cada nodo de la red, consiguiendo que los valores de reputación (de cada nodo de la red) se aproximen a su valor medio con mayor rapidez, con la finalidad de que el sistema de reputación cuente con información más precisa sobre el comportamiento de cada nodo Los dos nuevos algoritmos estiman las RFVs (Reputation Forwarding Values) en una red móvil ad-hoc, lo primordial es poder elegir aquellos caminos que son formados por los nodos con mayor reputación, evitando así los nodos menos colaborativos. La estimación de la reputación se realiza utilizando únicamente información de primera mano disponible para el nodo en función de su experiencia en la red Para REMODE_sw (Reputation for Mobile Devices Static Weight) hemos realizado la implementación del algoritmo sobre NS-2.35 (Network Simulator Version 2.35) utilizando escenarios creados con Bonnmotion v3.0, mientras que para DrepSR (Dynamic reputation-based Source Routing) hemos desarrollado un simulador de una red móvil ad-hoc utilizando MATLAB R2017b, dentro de dicho simulador hemos implementado el algoritmo DrepSR (Dynamic reputation-based Source Routing), igualmente estos escenarios de simulación se crean utilizando Bonnmotion v3.0 Como conclusión general hemos podido comprobar que los dos nuevos algoritmos verdaderamente identifican los caminos más cooperativos, lo que supone una mejora de la fracción de pérdida de paquetes total (promedio de todos los caminos de la red), ya que permite evitar los nodos egoístas de la red.Les xarxes mòbils ad hoc són part de les xarxes d'accés de pròxima generació (Next Generation Networking o NGN), xarxes "all IP" que fan front al gran desafiament científic i tècnic que és la computació ubiqua Les xarxes mòbils ad hoc són útils en situacions on es requereix un ràpid desplegament en una zona en la qual no hi ha infraestructura. Els nodes poden actuar com a fonts, destinacions o com encaminaments per transmetre dades d'un node a un altre node no accessible amb un únic salt En aquesta tesi presentem dos nous algoritmes de protocols d'encaminament basats en reputació, REMODE_sw (Reputation for Mobile Devices Static Weight) i DrepSR (Dynamic reputation based Source Routing), els quals utilitzen DSR (Dynamic Source Routing) com a motor de protocol d'encaminament. El protocol REMODE_sw (Reputation for Mobile Devices Static Weight) és de pes estàtic i DrepSR (Dynamic reputation based Source Routing) és de pes dinàmic, la diferència es troba en el comportament de beta, el qual és el pes que els valors de reputació (de cada node de la xarxa) nous tenen en relació als valors històrics, REMODE_sw (Reputation for Mobile Devices Static Weight) manté un valor de beta constant, mentre que DrepSR (Dynamic reputation based Source Routing) sobre la base del comportament de la variància (de la reputació de cada node de la xarxa), s'actualitza de forma independent els valors de beta de cada node de la xarxa, aconseguint que els valors de reputació (de cada node de la xarxa) s'aproximin al seu valor mitjà amb major rapidesa, amb la finalitat que el sistema de reputació compti amb informació més precisa sobre el comportament de cada node Els dos nous algoritmes estimen les RFVs (Reputation Forwarding Values) en una xarxa mòbil ad hoc, el primordial és poder triar aquells camins que són formats pels nodes amb més reputació, evitant així els nodes menys col·laboratius. L'estimació de la reputació es realitza utilitzant únicament informació de primera mà disponible per al node en funció de la seva experiència a la xarxa Per REMODE_sw (Reputation for Mobile Devices Static Weight) hem realitzat la implementació de l'algoritme sobre NS 2.35 (Network Simulator Version 2.35) utilitzant escenaris creats amb Bonnmotion v3.0, mentre que per DrepSR (Dynamic reputation--based Source Routing) hem desenvolupat un simulador d'una xarxa mòbil ad--hoc utilitzant MATLAB R2017b, dins d'aquest simulador hem implementat l'algoritme DrepSR (Dynamic reputation--based Source Routing), igualment en aquest simulador s'han utilitzant escenaris creats en Bonnmotion v3.0 Com a conclusió general hem pogut comprovar que els dos nous algoritmes veritablement identifiquen els camins més cooperatius, fet que suposa una millora de la fracció de pèrdua de paquets total (mitjana de tots els camins de la xarxa), ja que permet evitar els nodes egoistes de la xarx