603 research outputs found
Stimulus equalization: A computer-based stimulus manipulation procedure for facilitating visual discriminations
Thesis (M.A.)--University of Kansas, Human Development and Family Life, 1984
COMPUTER ASSISTED LEARNING AND LEARNING DISABILITY: AN EVALUATION
The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the use of computer-assisted learning with people who
have severe and profound learning disabilities. Theories of learning are central to our
understanding of learning disability and contributions from the cognitive and behavioural
schools are reviewed and related to methods of education and training for people with
learning disabilities. This framework provides a rationale for understanding the premises of
computer-assisted learning. A review of the literature reveals a lack of evidence for the
efficacy of computer-assisted learning. Evaluation studies to date appear to be
characterised by a lack of a methodologically sound framework. An evaluation survey of
software designated for use with people with severe learning disabilities is presented which
finds that much educational software lacks a sound grounding in established and effective
principles of learning and teaching, although its use is still supported by instructors. Thus,
the need for empirical research investigating the use and efficacy of computer-assisted
learning in learning disability is identified.
Psychological models provide an appropriate method of such an inquiry, though
methodological problems inherent in evaluative research with a special population appear
to act as a barrier to the development of effective knowledge in the area. Within these
limitations, three experiments are presented. The first compares conventional teaching with
computer-assisted teaching. The computer was as effective as the teacher, though the
conventional measures of achievement used were not sensitive to any differences between
the two methods. The second developed a more finegrain analysis which revealed a
difference between the quality of participants' interaction with computer and teacher
instruction. Specifically, attentional behaviour was increased in the computer-taught
condition, yet there was no concomitant increase in learning. The reliance of educational
software on sensory reinforcement was postulated as underlying the ability of computer-assisted
learning to maintain attention to the task. The third experiment directly addressed
the ability of three different sensory reinforcers typical of those found in educational
software to support learning a simple discrimination task. It was found that sensory
reinforcers were not effective in supporting learning, though they did maintain attention
and performance on the task. It is suggested that the multiple modalities used by software
may interfere adversely with the coding of relevant information involved in the
discrimination of stimulus dimensions and that this may account for the discrepancy
between measures of performance and measures of learning on computer-assisted tasks.South Western Regional Health Authority
and
Plymouth Community Services NHS Trus
Design and development of a robotic workstation for the disabled
SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:DX170575 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo
The Missouri Miner, November, 19, 1981
https://scholarsmine.mst.edu/missouri_miner/3294/thumbnail.jp
Advanced technological aids for the handicapped
Call number: LD2668 .R4 CMSC 1988 M37Master of ScienceComputing and Information Science
Development of microcomputer-based mental acuity tests for repeated-measures studies
The purpose of this report is to detail the development of the Automated Performance Test System (APTS), a computer battery of mental acuity tests that can be used to assess human performance in the presence of toxic elements and environmental stressors. There were four objectives in the development of APTS. First, the technical requirements for developing APTS followed the tenets of the classical theory of mental tests which requires that tests meet set criteria like stability and reliability (the lack of which constitutes insensitivity). To be employed in the study of the exotic conditions of protracted space flight, a battery with multiple parallel forms is required. The second criteria was for the battery to have factorial multidimensionality and the third was for the battery to be sensitive to factors known to compromise performance. A fourth objective was for the tests to converge on the abilities entailed in mission specialist tasks. A series of studies is reported in which candidate APTS tests were subjected to an examination of their psychometric properties for repeated-measures testing. From this work, tests were selected that possessed the requisite metric properties of stability, reliability, and factor richness. In addition, studies are reported which demonstrate the predictive validity of the tests to holistic measures of intelligence
Missouri S&T Magazine, April 1982
https://scholarsmine.mst.edu/alumni-magazine/1333/thumbnail.jp
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An algorithm for facial expression recognition to assist handicapped individuals with eating disabilities
The purpose of this thesis is to describe an algorithm and implement a software system based upon facial expression recognition that will accurately determine the specific need of a handicapped individual pertaining to the eating process. Then based upon that need, determine the appropriate action that should be executed. This thesis aims to present a solution to allow a special needs individual to eat more efficienty and foster independence, while providing a platform for further research in the area of feature detection to assist individuals with special needs
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