Blockchain Technology in Business Organizations: A Scoping Review

The scientific literature on blockchain technology is emerging but increasing rapidly. This review paper aims to provide a deeper understanding of the nature and scope of the extant literature on blockchain technology in the particular context of business organizations. To achieve our main objective, we searched five databases and screened 320 papers for inclusion. As a result of the search and screen process, we identified 39 relevant articles. Data coding was first pilot tested and then performed independently by two teams of researchers. All disagreements were reconciled by a third coder. Our findings reveal that most of the extant literature focuses on how blockchain technology works and, to a lesser extent, on the what , i.e. its potential applications and usages in business organizations. For its part, the why question, which focuses on the organizational motivations for adopting blockchain technology, was scarcely discussed in prior literature. In short, our findings reveal that many issues and questions remain to be investigated. Based on a gap analysis, we propose a few promising avenues that shall guide future research efforts in this important topic

Healthcare Record Sharing and Management using Blockchain

We experience various health problems due to the hectic pace of life, which includes daily hustle and work life,  and the deteriorating ecosystem. There are numerous health records produced and every individual has to maintain these many important pieces of private information. Health records are extremely sensitive information that must typically be shared with peers for numerous examinations in the medical field. Healthcare records are managed manually in the current scenario, which raises efficiency, security, and other concerns. This paper puts forward a web application that uses blockchain technology to offer a simple method for securely sharing private medical records. It offers real-time tracking of medical records, enhancing security, boosting productivity, and lowering total costs. By enabling infrequent knowledge transfer between healthcare professionals, insurance agencies, pharmaceuticals, scientists, and caregivers of the patient, it will streamline data exchange, enhance decision-making for healthcare, and ensure availability and genuineness. Doctors could use the application to review the healthcare data of the patients by whom they have been granted access, while individuals could use it to upload their data, grant access to the doctors, and read their own records

Measuring the impact of blockchain on healthcare applications

Blockchain is a technology with potential for making ground breaking steps in addressing social, economic and healthcare challenges. The global information technology scene is being overcrowded with blockchain applications with special focus on the vast healthcare market [12]. The value of information related to healthcare creates a clear path for applying blockchain as a solution for some of the challenges in the healthcare sector, in particular with the goal of creating a fair and transparent way for sharing information and patient data. It is however a fact that while blockchain technology introduces additional complexity to the implementation healthcare software, the benefit the technology actually brings still remains unclear and difficult to evaluate. This vision paper demonstrates our research focus on providing a body of knowledge and tools to help evaluate this impact of blockchain on eHealth applications. In particular, we identify that such a research effort has to explicitly consider cost of addressing challenges inherent to the eHealth domain like integration of disparate software systems (hospitals, research institutions, government agencies, health insurance and pharmaceutical companies, etc.), the potential introduction of cryptocurrencies in healthcare systems, degree of patient service improvement, transparency and compliance to laws and regulations, and others. The more traditional influencing factors, like cost of development and running, licenses for using third-party software services, and the ones inherent to blockchain like cost of computation and energy will also have to be taken into consideration in the metrics model.</p

A Brief Bibliometric Analysis and Visualisation of Scopus and WoS databases on Blockchain Technology in Healthcare Domain

Background: The aim of this study is to analyse the work carried out in healthcare or medical domain using blockchain technology for privacy and security of patient’s data, their healthcare records. The documents published in Scopus and Web of Science databases during the year 2016 to present (February 2021) have been considered for survey. Methods: Scopus and Web of Science(WoS), most popular databases are used to retrieve documents which were published between years 2016 to present. Scopus analyser and web of Science analyser are used for analysis of various parameters such as documents published per year, sources of documents, number of citations and so on. VOSviewer1.6.16 software tool is used for analysis of different units such as citations, co- authorship etc. Results: During our survey we have retrieved a total 598 documents related to blockchain technology in the healthcare domain which are published from year 2016 on wards from scopus database. Using a web of science database 594 documents has been retrieved for the same domain. Statistical analysis and network analysis shows that there is tremendous growth in publications from year 2019 and 2020 on blockchain technology. The United States, India and China are major contributors. Conclusions: Databases are analysed in terms of number of documents per year, sources of publications, authors correlation, documents per country, funding agencies etc parameters are statistically analysed. Using statistical and network analysis we can conclude that there is huge scope to work in the blockchain domain to achieve more privacy, security, and data integrity

What is the potential value of tokens and token engineering for the architecture, engineering, and construction industry? A positional paper.

What is the value of tokens for blockchain applications in Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC)? How can token engineering be contextualized in AEC? This positional paper instigates the tackling of these largely unexplored questions. Following a literature review and a visiting of token engineering fundamentals, the paper’s position is that tokens can indeed hold potential value for AEC. This value can be direct, utilitarian, security-related, and/or pegged, and reflected in technical and economic terms. For this value to be realized, the token must be systematically embedded in the AEC ecosystem – therefore dependent on sociotechnical parameters in AEC

Blockchain-based data privacy management with Nudge theory in open banking

Open banking brings both opportunities and challenges to banks all over the world especially in data management. A blockchain as a continuously growing list of records managed by a peer-to-peer network is widely used in various application scenarios; and it is commonly agreed that the blockchain technology can improve the protection of financial data privacy. However, current blockchain technology still poses some challenges in fully meeting the needs of financial data privacy protection. In order to address the existing problems, this paper proposes a new data privacy management framework based on the blockchain technology for the financial sector. The framework consists of three components: (1) a data privacy classification method according to the characteristics of financial data; (2) a new collaborative-filtering-based model; and (3) a data disclosure confirmation scheme for customer strategies based on the Nudge Theory. We implement a prototype and propose a set of algorithms for this framework. The framework is validated through field experiments and laboratory experiments. © 2019 Elsevier B.V

Dwarna : a blockchain solution for dynamic consent in biobanking

Dynamic consent aims to empower research partners and facilitate active participation in the research process. Used within the context of biobanking, it gives individuals access to information and control to determine how and where their biospecimens and data should be used. We present Dwarna—a web portal for ‘dynamic consent’ that acts as a hub connecting the different stakeholders of the Malta Biobank: biobank managers, researchers, research partners, and the general public. The portal stores research partners’ consent in a blockchain to create an immutable audit trail of research partners’ consent changes. Dwarna’s structure also presents a solution to the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation’s right to erasure—a right that is seemingly incompatible with the blockchain model. Dwarna’s transparent structure increases trustworthiness in the biobanking process by giving research partners more control over which research studies they participate in, by facilitating the withdrawal of consent and by making it possible to request that the biospecimen and associated data are destroyed.peer-reviewe