Mapping sequences by parts

© 2007 Didier and Guziolowski; licensee BioMed Central Ltd

Appendix A: “The Basic Postulates of Accounting”

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) is a relatively new imaging technique, first reported in 1992, which enables mapping of brain functions with high spatial resolution. Functionally active areas are distinguished by a small signal increase mediated by changes in local blood oxygenation in response to neural activity. The ability to non-invasively map brain function and the large number of MRI scanners quickly made the method very popular, and fMRI have had a huge impact on the study of brain function, both in healthy and diseased subjects. The most common clinical application of fMRI is pre-surgical mapping of brain functions in order to optimise surgical interventions. The clinical fMRI examination procedure can be divided into four integrated parts: (1) patient preparation, (2) image acquisition, (3) image analysis and (4) clinical decision. In this thesis, important aspects of all parts of the fMRI examination procedure are explored with the aim to provide recommendations and methods for prosperous clinical usage of the technique. The most important results of the thesis were: (I) administration of low doses of diazepam to reduce anxiety did not invalidate fMRI mapping results of primary motor and language areas, (II) the choice of visual stimuli equipment can have severe impact on the mapping of visual areas, (III) three-dimensional fMRI imaging sequences did not perform better than two-dimensional imaging sequences, (IV) adaptive spatial filtering can improve the fMRI data analysis, (V) clinical decisions should not be based on activation results from a single statistical threshold

Late Miocene-Early Pliocene Matemateaonga Formation in eastern Taranaki Peninsula: A new 1:50,000 geological map and stratigraphic framework

In recent years the Matemateaonga Formation has become an additional exploration play in Taranaki Basin. Exploration interest has been stimulated by the success of Swift Energy Company in the Rimu/Kauri prospect (38719), located near south Taranaki Coast. At this location, sandstone lithofacies, commonly termed “Manutahi Sandstone” in the lower parts of the Matemateaonga Formation have been intersected by the Kauri-A2 and Kauri-A3 wells at depths of ~1100-1200 m and are yielding commercial quantities of oil. As part of a FRST-funded sedimentary basins research programme, we have geologically mapped in detail Matemateaonga Formation within an 1800 km2 area of the eastern peninsula region (Fig. 1), incorporating license areas 38739, 38718, 38753, 38138, 38139, 38141, 38140, 38716, 38758, 38728 and 38760. Mapping at 1:50,000 scale has revealed an ~1100 m-thick succession of cyclothemic, unconformity bounded shelfal strata of Late Miocene-Early Pliocene (Late Kapitean to Early Opoitian) age (c.5.5-4.7 Ma). This succession formed as a result of the interplay between climatically-driven 6th-order (41 k.y.) eustatic sea-level changes, high rates of basin subsidence and a substantial southerly-derived sediment flux. Individual sequences or groups of sequences are the fundamental mapping entities. The mapping area sits astride the southward-plunging Whangamomona Anticline, which has deformed the Late Neogene succession, producing a regional dip on its western flank of 2 to 4 degrees to the southwest. Northeast-southwest trending normal faults are relatively common and offset Matemateaonga Formation strata with throws of 2-50 m. This improved knowledge of Matemateaonga Formation stratigraphy enhances the understanding of the distribution and geometry of potential reservoir sandstone units and associated mudstone seal units in the region

The early Pliocene Titiokura Formation: stratigraphy of a thick, mixed carbonate-siliciclastic shelf succession in Hawke's Bay Basin, New Zealand

This paper presents a systematic stratigraphic description of the architecture of the early Pliocene Titiokura Formation (emended) in the Te Waka and Maungaharuru Ranges of western Hawke's Bay, and presents a facies, sequence stratigraphic, and paleoenvironmental analysis of the sedimentary succession. The Titiokura Formation is of early Pliocene (Opoitian-Waipipian) age, and unconformably overlies Mokonui Formation, which is a regressive late Miocene and early Pliocene (Kapitean to early Opoitian) succession. In the Te Waka Range and the southern parts of the Maungaharuru Range, the Titiokura Formation comprises a single limestone sheet 20-50 m thick, with calcareous sandstone parts. In the vicinity of Taraponui Trig, and to the northeast, the results of 1:50 000 mapping show that the limestone gradually partitions into five members, which thicken markedly to the northeast to total thicknesses of c. 730 m, and concomitantly become dominated by siliciclastic sandstone. The members (all new) from lower to upper are: Naumai Member, Te Rangi Member, Taraponui Member, Bellbird Bush Member, and Opouahi Member. The lower four members are inferred to each comprise an obliquity-controlled 41 000 yr 6th order sequence, and the Opouahi Member at least two such sequences. The sequences typically have the following architectural elements from bottom to top: disconformable sequence boundary that formed as a transgressive surface of erosion; thin transgressive systems tracts (TSTs) with onlap and backlap shellbeds, or alternatively, a single compound shellbed; downlap surface; and very thick (70-200 m) highstand (HST) and regressive systems tracts (RST) composed of fine sandstone. The sequences in the Opouahi Member have cryptic TSTs, sandy siltstone to silty sandstone HSTs, and cross-bedded, differentially cemented, fine sandstone RSTs; a separate variant is an 11 m thick bioclastic limestone (grainstone and packstone) at the top of the member that crops out in the vicinity of Lake Opouahi. Lithostratigraphic correlations along the crest of the ranges suggest that the Titiokura Formation, and its correlatives to the south around Puketitiri, represent a shoreline-to-shelf linked depositional system. Carbonate production was focused around a rocky seascape as the system onlapped basement in the south, with dispersal and deposition of the comminuted carbonate on an inner shelf to the north, which was devoid of siliciclastic sediment input. The rates of both subsidence and siliciclastic sediment flux increased rapidly to the northeast of the carbonate "platform", with active progradation and offlap of the depositional system into more axial parts of Hawke's Bay Basin

Two Stream LSTM: A Deep Fusion Framework for Human Action Recognition

In this paper we address the problem of human action recognition from video sequences. Inspired by the exemplary results obtained via automatic feature learning and deep learning approaches in computer vision, we focus our attention towards learning salient spatial features via a convolutional neural network (CNN) and then map their temporal relationship with the aid of Long-Short-Term-Memory (LSTM) networks. Our contribution in this paper is a deep fusion framework that more effectively exploits spatial features from CNNs with temporal features from LSTM models. We also extensively evaluate their strengths and weaknesses. We find that by combining both the sets of features, the fully connected features effectively act as an attention mechanism to direct the LSTM to interesting parts of the convolutional feature sequence. The significance of our fusion method is its simplicity and effectiveness compared to other state-of-the-art methods. The evaluation results demonstrate that this hierarchical multi stream fusion method has higher performance compared to single stream mapping methods allowing it to achieve high accuracy outperforming current state-of-the-art methods in three widely used databases: UCF11, UCFSports, jHMDB.Comment: Published as a conference paper at WACV 201

Rotation numbers of invariant manifolds around unstable periodic orbits for the diamagnetic Kepler problem

In this paper, a method to construct topological template in terms of symbolic dynamics for the diamagnetic Kepler problem is proposed. To confirm the topological template, rotation numbers of invariant manifolds around unstable periodic orbits in a phase space are taken as an object of comparison. The rotation numbers are determined from the definition and connected with symbolic sequences encoding the periodic orbits in a reduced Poincar\'e section. Only symbolic codes with inverse ordering in the forward mapping can contribute to the rotation of invariant manifolds around the periodic orbits. By using symbolic ordering, the reduced Poincar\'e section is constricted along stable manifolds and a topological template, which preserves the ordering of forward sequences and can be used to extract the rotation numbers, is established. The rotation numbers computed from the topological template are the same as those computed from their original definition.Comment: 8 figures, 1 tabl