ERP implementation methodologies and frameworks: a literature review

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) implementation is a complex and vibrant process, one that involves a combination of technological and organizational interactions. Often an ERP implementation project is the single largest IT project that an organization has ever launched and requires a mutual fit of system and organization. Also the concept of an ERP implementation supporting business processes across many different departments is not a generic, rigid and uniform concept and depends on variety of factors. As a result, the issues addressing the ERP implementation process have been one of the major concerns in industry. Therefore ERP implementation receives attention from practitioners and scholars and both, business as well as academic literature is abundant and not always very conclusive or coherent. However, research on ERP systems so far has been mainly focused on diffusion, use and impact issues. Less attention has been given to the methods used during the configuration and the implementation of ERP systems, even though they are commonly used in practice, they still remain largely unexplored and undocumented in Information Systems research. So, the academic relevance of this research is the contribution to the existing body of scientific knowledge. An annotated brief literature review is done in order to evaluate the current state of the existing academic literature. The purpose is to present a systematic overview of relevant ERP implementation methodologies and frameworks as a desire for achieving a better taxonomy of ERP implementation methodologies. This paper is useful to researchers who are interested in ERP implementation methodologies and frameworks. Results will serve as an input for a classification of the existing ERP implementation methodologies and frameworks. Also, this paper aims also at the professional ERP community involved in the process of ERP implementation by promoting a better understanding of ERP implementation methodologies and frameworks, its variety and history

The Readiness of Palm Oil Industry in Enterprise Resource Planning

The palm oil industry is one of the sources of non-oil and gas foreign exchange of Indonesia. It contributes to National Gross Domestic Product at 13.96% in 2017. This study aims to examine the readiness of palm oil industry in the implementation of Enterprise Resources Planning (ERP). The readiness of palm oil industry in implementing ERP, is not only about a large cost, but also the ERP has required great resources including human respurces, technology, management, and process and data. Thus, it should fit the needs of the industry. Using the Critical Success Factors (CSF) method, this study employs five dimensions of the ERP readiness, that is management, process, technology, data, and personnel. A survey research method is employed to acquire the data and there are 19 items for those five dimensions. A gap analysis is employed to analyse the data and this method is used to determinethe disparity between existing conditions and future expectations. The findings reveal that the palm oil industry is well prepared to implement the ERP from four dimensions of management, technology, process and personnel.The management factor is the one of an factor of readiness in the ready category together with other factors including process, and human resources. Technology is the best factor which has led to increasing demands for building a strong information technology infrastructure to integrate business processes. The company needs to complete the master data onto the database and change the database system integrated into a single database that causes data is lack of ready data in ERP implementation

Diagnosing performance management and performance budgeting systems: A case study of the U.S. Navy

We present here a case study of an organization within the U.S. Navy that created a new organizational construct and performance management system. We explore the issues faced by naval leaders as they attempt to use their performance information to make resource allocation decisions at the sub-organization level, and base budgets at the organization and service (navy) level. We attempt to diagnose many of the practical problems a government organization encounters when implementing a performance management system, to include trying to inform budgets, and make recommendations on actions that would improve the strength of the performance system. We find in the organization a good conceptual framework, organizational enthusiasm, and reasonable attempts to link disparate information systems into a coherent whole. The good intentions are hindered, however, by inadequate accounting systems, a lack of understanding of cost accounting methods, weak use of terminology and longstanding institutional attitudes. This case confirms challenges associated with both performance management systems and performance budgeting found in the literature, and we offer recommendations for public officials considering such endeavors

Ranking Factors Affecting Organizational Readiness to Implement Enterprise Resource Planning Systems Using Fuzzy-Dimensional Network Analysis.

Whenever an organization decides to implement an ERP, it must assess its readiness to implement these complex systems. Therefore, the present study aims at considering the pre-implementation phase of ERP and the factors affecting the readiness of the organization for successful implementation of these systems. In this research, the SWOT matrix was used to classify the identified factors. Moreover, fuzzy-dimensional network analysis was used to evaluate decision options due to the weakness of SWOT technique. Since the factors involved in SWOT analysis are not only disjointed, but sometimes there are relationships among some of its factors. Therefore, internal and external factors of the organization are evaluated and prioritized in the research. In addition, finding the strategic position of the organization and identifying the appropriate strategies and prioritizing them to improve the organization's readiness for ERP implementation were other tasks in this research. After analyzing the data, 25 organizational factors are prioritized. The numerical results indicated that the organization is in the offensive position therefore, four strategies are designed and prioritized according to its position

ERP Pre-Implementation Readiness Assessment Framework: A Multi Stakeholders’ Perspective

These days, there is a growing trend towards ERP systems in Ethiopia. This in turn created an opportunity for ERP vendors to promote their products in the country. Due to large size and inherent complexity of ERP systems, organizations are strongly advised to check their readiness prior ERP system implementation. There are some prior research attempts to develop ERP pre-implementation readiness assessment models and frameworks. However, extant literature reveal that multi stakeholders’ perspective is not well considered in those prior attempts. Besides, most of the prior attempts are in the context of developed countries. The purpose of this study is to develop a framework to evaluate ERP pre-implementation readiness from multi-stakeholders perspective in developing country context. As a foundation, a set of critical success factors were identified from prior literature. Interview and survey questionnaire were used for data collection. Based on the result, an ERP pre-implementation readiness assessment framework is proposed. Feasibility assessment of the proposed framework revealed that the case company has limitations on a number of dimensions. Accordingly, recommendations are forwarded to address the identified gaps

Business intelligence readiness factors for higher education institution

Higher Education Institution (HEI) have embarked on the new style of decision-making with the aim to enhance the speed and reliability of decision-making capabilities. One of the hardest challenges in implementing Business Intelligence (BI) is the organization’s readiness towards adopting and implementing BI systems. Currently, few published studies have examined BI readiness in HEI environment. Seeing this challenge, this study aims to contribute in determining the BI readiness factors in HEI specifically in the deployment strategies. Through inductive attention to BI in HEI environment, three broad factors have been identified: a) Organizational – that concerning on business strategies, process and structure, b) Technology – involves the BI system and knowledge for managing including the sources and c) Social – the culture within organization that may influence decision-making and its processes. This paper also makes recommendations for future research

Business intelligence readiness factors for higher education institution

Higher Education Institution (HEI) have embarked on the new style of decision-making with the aim to enhance the speed and reliability of decision-making capabilities. One of the hardest challenges in implementing Business Intelligence (BI) is the organization’s readiness towards adopting and implementing BI systems. Currently, few published studies have examined BI readiness in HEI environment. Seeing this challenge, this study aims to contribute in determining the BI readiness factors in HEI specifically in the deployment strategies. Through inductive attention to BI in HEI environment, three broad factors have been identified: a) Organizational – that concerning on business strategies, process and structure, b) Technology – involves the BI system and knowledge for managing including the sources and c) Social – the culture within organization that may influence decision-making and its processes. This paper also makes recommendations for future research

Inside the “Black Box”: Investigating the Link between Organizational Readiness and IT Implementation Success

The complexity of today’s organizational IT-driven transformations, such as implementing ERPs and CRMs, urges companies to conduct upfront preparations to ensure implementation success. Organizational readiness is therefore regarded as a critical precondition that increases the chances of IT implementation success. To deepen the theoretical understanding of the link between organizational readiness and IT implementation success, we present preliminary results of a qualitative survey among a group of seasoned IT project/change management experts and derive a theoretical framework explaining the link between the two constructs

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) System Implementation Framework for Selected State Universities

Purpose: The highly competitive education environment poses a great challenge to State Universities in the Philippines. Consequently, the need to take on new information system solutions to properly address partial and unintegrated systems is a must. This research is focused on developing an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system implementation framework that would serve as a tool for improving the university's operational efficiency. Method: In this study, the ERP critical success factors were determined through the Delphi Method, and weights were assigned to indicate their importance based on experts' consensus using Principal Component Analysis. Data collated from the selected state universities were summarized and treated to determine their readiness for the ERP system. Results: It was observed that the university with high awareness and the finest ICT practices has a strong potential in adopting the system. The organizational and socio-economic factors identified remarkably have a greater impact on the successful implementation of the system, thus, achieving this requires improvement in organizational performance and effectiveness. Generally, most of the universities in the study are ERP-ready and find the proposed framework highly acceptable as a useful reference. Conclusions: Strong executive leadership and commitment are essential elements to ensure success. It was also established that the socio-economic factors are more perceptible, therefore, enhancing employee's knowledge of the benefits of the ERP system can increase their flexibility and involvement in ERP system projects. Recommendations: It is recommended that these universities consider using the Readiness Assessment provided in this study to assist in decision-making and the proposed framework as a guide in planning and strategizing for effective ERP implementation. Practical Implications -The framework developed may be used as a springboard for improving the university's IT infrastructure and for upgrading their technologies leading to enhanced user experience and increased operational efficiency. This can further serve as the basis for policy intercession in the future