The Effect of Low Sodium Diet Education in the Prevention of Hospital Readmission for Heart Failure Patients

Rate of readmission among hospitalized heart failure (HF) patients is used as an indicator of quality and efficiency of healthcare. A low sodium diet is a component of the accepted treatment for HF. Instruction by dietitians may help reduce dietary sodium without negatively affecting quality of life. The effect of low sodium diet education on hospital readmission within 30 and 45 days of discharge for HF patients (N=52) was conducted. Chi-square analysis determined education did not significantly affect remittance within 30 (P=.143) or 45 days (P=.474). Patients readmitted within 30 days were older (P=.005). Men were more likely to be readmitted than women within 30 (P=.021) and 45 days (P=.019). Higher NT-proBNP levels were observed in individuals readmitted within 30 (P=.011) and 45 days (P=.010). Low sodium diet education did not affect readmission but older age, male sex, and higher NT-proBNP values increased the rate of readmission

Does a Low-Sodium Diet Reduce Blood Pressure?

Reducing sodium intake does lead to a slightly lower average blood pressure. However, no evidence from controlled trials proves that reducing sodium intake decreases morbidity or mortality, or proves that modest sodium restriction is harmful. [Strength of recommendation: A, based on meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with disease-oriented outcomes.

local aldosterone synthesis in the large intestine of mouse : An ex vivo incubation study

Objective To investigate the regulation of local aldosterone synthesis by physiological stimulants in the murine gut. Methods Male mice were fed for 14 days with normal, high (1.6%) or low (0.01%) sodium diets. Tissue liver receptor homolog-1 and aldosterone in the colon and caecum were detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Released corticosterone and aldosterone in tissue incubation experiments after stimulation with angiotensin II (Ang II) and dibutyryl-cAMP (DBA; the second messenger of adrenocorticotropic hormone) were assayed using an ELISA. Tissue aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) protein levels were measured using an ELISA and Western blots. Results In incubated colon tissues, aldosterone synthase levels were increased by a low-sodium diet; and by Ang II and DBA in the normal diet group. Release of aldosterone into the incubation buffer was increased from the colon by a low-sodium diet and decreased by a high-sodium diet in parallel with changes in aldosterone synthase levels. In mice fed a normal diet, colon incubation with both Ang II and DBA increased the release of aldosterone as well as its precursor corticosterone. Conclusion Local aldosterone synthesis in the large intestine is stimulated by a low-sodium diet, dibutyryl-cAMP and Ang II similar to the adrenal glands.Peer reviewe

Low Sodium Healthy Default- So. You have to cut back on salt.

This handout informs those who are new to the low sodium diet on why and how to cut back on salt. What, why, and how is discussed.https://dune.une.edu/an_studedres/1185/thumbnail.jp

Factors Associated with a Low-sodium Diet: The Fourth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

OBJECTIVES: The low-sodium diet is a known preventive factor for hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Factors associated with low-sodium diets should be identified to reduce sodium intake effectively. This study was conducted to identify factors correlated with a low-sodium diet. METHODS: This cross-sectional study analyzed data from a total of 14,539 Koreans aged 20 years or older, who participated in the Fourth (2007-2009) Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A low-sodium diet was defined as having ≤2,000 mg/day based on 24-hour recalls. Multiple logistic regression models were used to assess sex, age, education, number of family members, household income, occupation, alcohol drinking, total energy intake, frequency of eating out, and hypertension management status for their associations with low-sodium diets. RESULTS: Among all participants, only 13.9% (n=2,016) had low-sodium diets. In the multivariate analysis, 40-49 years of age, clerical work jobs, higher total energy intake, and frequent eating out were inversely associated with low-sodium diets. And female sex and living-alone were associated with low-sodium diets. Lower frequency of eating out was significantly associated with low-sodium diets, even after adjusting for total energy intake and other potential confounders. Adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for a low-sodium diet were 1.97 (1.49-2.61), 1.47 (1.13-1.91), 1.24 (0.96-1.61), and 1.00 (reference) in people who eat out <1 time/month, 1-3 times/month, 1-6 times/week, and ≥1 time/day, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that sex, age, number of family members, occupation, total energy intake, and lower frequency of eating out were associated with a low-sodium diet in Korean adults.ope

Stężenie argininowazopresyny w osoczu u kobiet z niedoczynnością tarczycy w zależności od zawartości sodu w diecie

Introduction: A disturbed regulation mechanism of arginine vasopressin secretion in response to plasma osmolality and volaemia changes occurs in hypothyroidism. The aim of this study was to determine plasma arginine vasopressin concentration in hypothyroid women under conditions of a low sodium diet and in an upright position. Material and methods: Twenty-six women with primary hypothyroidism and 24 healthy women (control group) were investigated. In all the patients, the plasma arginine vasopressin and serum sodium and potassium levels, as well as plasma osmolality, were measured first under basal conditions, i.e. after three days of a normal sodium diet (120 mmol sodium per day) in a horizontal position, and next after three days of a low sodium diet (10 mmol Na per day) in an upright position. In hypothyroid patients, the investigations were repeated after a euthyroid state as a result of L-thyroxine treatment had been attained. Results: An increase of vasopressinaemia, measured under basal conditions as well as after three days of the low sodium diet, was shown in untreated hypothyroid patients compared to the control group. The arginine vasopressin plasma level normalised after a euthyroid state had been attained. As a result of the low sodium diet and the upright position, a significant increase of arginine vasopressin secretion was observed in the control group and hypothyroid women in the euthyroid state. No significant increase of this neuropeptide level in untreated patients was shown while applying the low sodium diet and upright position. Plasma osmolality and natraemia were decreased in the untreated hypothyroid patients. No correlation between vasopressinaemia and plasma osmolality was shown. Conclusion: The plasma arginine vasopressin level is increased in hypothyroid women, and does not change in the upright position under the influence of a low sodium diet.Wstęp: W niedoczynności tarczycy stwierdzono zaburzenia mechanizmu regulacji uwalniania argininowazopresyny w odpowiedzi na zmiany wolemii i osmolalności osocza. Celem pracy było określenie stężenia argininowazopresyny w osoczu kobiet chorych na niedoczynność tarczycy w warunkach diety ubogosodowej wraz z pionizacją. Materiał i metody: Badania przeprowadzono u 26 kobiet z pierwotną niedoczynnością tarczycy i 24 kobiet zdrowych (grupa kontrolna). U wszystkich badanych kobiet określono stężenie argininowazopresyny w osoczu, sodu i potasu w surowicy krwi oraz osmolalność osocza, najpierw w warunkach podstawowych, czyli po 3-dniowej diecie normosodowej, zawierającej 120 mmol sodu na dobę, w pozycji leżącej, a następnie po 3-dniowej diecie ubogosodowej (10 mmol Na/dobę) i pionizacji. U chorych na niedoczynność tarczycy badania powtórzono w okresie eutyreozy po leczeniu L-tyroksyną. Wyniki: W porównaniu do grupy kontrolnej u nieleczonych chorych z niedoczynnością tarczycy wykazano zwiększenie wazopresynemii badanej w warunkach podstawowych i w warunkach diety ubogosodowej wraz z pionizacją. Stężenie hormonu w osoczu uległo normalizacji w okresie eutyreozy po leczeniu substytucyjnym. W następstwie stosowania diety ubogosodowej wraz z pionizacją obserwowano istotne pobudzenie wydzielania argininowazopresyny u kobiet z grupy kontrolnej i leczonych chorych z niedoczynnością tarczycy w okresie eutyreozy. U nieleczonych chorych nie wykazano istotnego wzrostu stężenia tego neuropeptydu, kiedy stosowano dietę ubogosodową wraz z pionizacją. U nieleczonych chorych na niedoczynność tarczycy osmolalność osocza i natremia były obniżone. W badaniach korelacyjnych nie stwierdzono współzmienności pomiędzy wazopresynemią a osmolalnością osocza. Wniosek: U kobiet chorych na niedoczynność tarczycy stężenie argininowazopresyny w osoczu jest zwiększone i nie zmienia się pod wpływem diety ubogosodowej wraz z pionizacją

The Effects of Patient Education and Knowledge of CHF Patients As Evaluated by the PakSAC Survey

After diagnosis, management of congestive heart failure (CHF) can pose quite a struggle to many patients, since it requires that lifestyle changes be implemented into their daily life. Patients require the sufficient knowledge and education in order to best manage symptoms and improve their quality of life after being diagnosed. Use of Patient Knowledge of Self-care activities in Congestive Heart Failure© (PaKSAC) survey in transitional care programs could identify patient gaps in knowledge, as well as decreasing acute care service use. The purpose of this research study was to investigate the knowledge level of CHF patients at the time of discharge from their initial hospitalization using the PaKSAC questionnaire. The following research question was addressed: Describe the patients’ responses to the PaKSAC questionnaire and identify gaps of knowledge. This study was initiated following approval of the University of Arkansas and the study hospital Institutional Review Boards. This simple descriptive study will use secondary data analysis performed on 21 subjects, which completed a transitional care project. The study population consisted of New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class II and III patients, 18 years of age and older, with the primary diagnosis of CHF, discharged from the hospital to home. This descriptive study examined the various domains of knowledge related to lifestyle habits that can exacerbate symptoms, dietary considerations, activity level, and identification of warning signs and symptoms in the CHF patient. The PaKSAC survey was administered following discharge from the hospital. All patient information was de-identified following the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPPA) guidelines and reported in the aggregate. Univariate statistics was used to characterize the data obtained using the PaKSAC survey. The PaKSAC survey results were analyzed according to the domains related to knowledge about CHF, signs and symptoms, self-care, and self-care confidence (Appendix A). This study provides findings on the knowledge deficit that is a pressing issue found in CHF patients. Study results lead to the conclusion that discharge planning and continued post-discharge education is extremely important for this population

Chef Charles Says..., July 2010

The Food Assistance Program provides nutrition assistance to people with low income. Food Assistance can help you buy nutritious foods for a better diet. Produced bye Iowa’s Food Assistance Program, Department of Human Services

Pathogenesis of kidney and liver lesions under conditions of 2,4-dinitrofenol administration

From the positions of probative medicine the work presents theoretical substantiation and a new approach to solve the scientific task concerning early pathogenesis mechanisms of pseudohepatorenal syndrome as the basis to deteriorate the course of kidney and liver failure with breaking oxidative phosphorylation under conditions of 2,4-dinitrofenol administration. The experiments were conducted on 120 albino outbred male rats with the body weight of 0,16-0,20 kg fed on low-sodium diet with tissue hypoxia modeling