An objective determination of tropical cyclone warning positions.

A technique has been developed to determine objectively the location of a tropical cyclone at warning time and reduce the short-term forecast errors due to errors in the warning position. The western North Pacific CLIPER (CLImatology and PERsistence) forecast scheme is used to generate a potential track, from each fix, and a smooth curve is fit to the future and past positions. When multiple fixes are available, weighting functions are applied to account for fix platform accuracy and time of receipt. A set of 836 cases from 30 storms during 1981-1983 was evaluated. Using the objective scheme, 16 of the 30 tropical cyclones had reduced warning position errors compared to the Joint Typhoon Warning Center official warning position. For 11 of the 30 storms, the objective warning positions resulted in more accurate 24-h forecasts with the CLIPER technique than the official warning positions. This technique appears to provide an efficient, interactive tool to the forecaster to use in establishing the warning position.http://archive.org/details/objectivedetermi00currLieutenant Commander, United States NavyApproved for public release; distribution is unlimited

Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE) Methods and Capabilities Handbook - Volume II Appendices - Appendix E Volume 1

No abstract availabl

An Understanding of Selected Familial Dynamics as they Relate to the Prevention of Substance Use Among Youth from St. Martin

Problem. Various studies examined the relationship between youth, drug use, and the role that families play in influencing such use. Thus, it is evident that youth use drugs, and thereasons for their drug use vary widely. However, there have not been widespread research done on the youth who do not use drugs, particularly from a family perspective. Also, no research study has been known to be conducted on St. Martin of such nature. Purpose. This study sought to gain an understanding on how selected familial dynamics functioned within three families in deterring their youth from becoming involved in drugs. Methodology. This qualitative study used three mothers and youths within three different family structures selected by purposive sampling to explain why the youth avoided drugs. These structures were single-parent, stepparent, and two biological parent families. Data were collected through tape-recorded interviews, field notes, and reflective journal. For clarification purposes, data information from the informants was additionally provided via fax and telephone calls. A cross-case analysis was conducted and presented in text and tables. Findings and conclusions. The findings provided an understanding of the youths\u27 drug avoidance. The themes that emanated from the data were grouped within three selected familial dynamics chosen from previous research literature. The familial dynamics are relational, environmental, and religious. The study showed that the youths, relationships with their immediate and extended families either positively or negatively affected their decision to avoid drugs. Additionally, the study revealed that all three youths were faced with positive and negative influences from friends, neighbors, and schools; yet, they maintained a drug-free lifestyle. A number of themes grouped within the religious dynamics were also instrumental in helping steer the youths from drug use. These themes were both internal and external as theyrelated to the families\u27 religiosity and their church affiliation. The study found that these youth had three catalysts against drug allurements, the relationship they experienced with their families, how they interacted with their environment, and their commitment and involvement in religious activities. The themes grouped within the relational, environmental, and religious dynamics aided in keeping these youths drug-free

Matemaatilise analüüsi praktikum. 1

http://www.ester.ee/record=b1308425*es

Tables of Aerodynamic Coefficients Obtained from Developed Newtonian Expressions for Complete and Partial Conic and Spheric Bodies at Combined Angles of Attack and Sideslip with Some Comparisons with Hypersonic Experimental Data

Closed-form expressions and tables composed from these expressions are presented for complete and partial conic and spheric bodies at combined angles of attack and sideslip in Newtonian flow. Aerodynamic coefficients of these bodies are tabulated for various body segments over a range of angles of attack from 1 deg to 85 deg and angles of sideslip from 0 deg to 15 deg. Some comparisons between Newtonian predictions and hypersonic experimental aerodynamic characteristics were made for conic bodies hawing various surface slopes, nose bluntnesses, and body cross sections to indicate the range of validity of the theory. In general, the theory is shown to agree quite well with experimental results for sharp-nose complete cones and for configurations hawing large blunted noses and steep surface slopes. However, agreement between theory and experiment generally is poor for the more slender, slightly blunted complete or half conic bodies and also for sharp-nose half conic bodies where real-flow phenomena such as forebody interference, viscous forces, leeward surface contributions, or leading-edge pressure reductions may have significant effect. The agreement between theory and experiment for the bodies considered can be improved by using the stagnation pressure coefficient behind a normal shock rather than 2 as the Newtonian coefficient, although for the sharp-nose half conic bodies there i s no theoretical justification for this modification