Introduction- Twenty-Five Years of the Fordham International Law Journal

A review of the history of the Fordham ILJ. It is a partial reprint of an essay published in 20 FORDHAM INT\u27L L.J. 1 (1996). The essay attempts to briefly summarize the purpose of the ILJ and past volumes

Evaluative conditioning: recent developments and future directions

CONTINGENCY AWARENESS; ATTITUDE-CHANGE; EFFECTS DEPEND; IMPLICIT; ASSOCIATION; DISLIKES; VALENCE; LIKES; US; MISATTRIBUTION; Automaticity; Evaluative conditioning; Functional definition; Mental process theorie

Radiation and viscous dissipation effects for the Blasius and Sakiadis flows with a convective surface boundary condition

This study is devoted to investigate the radiation and viscous dissipation effects on the laminar boundary layer about a flat-plate in a uniform stream of fluid (Blasius flow), and about a moving plate in a quiescent ambient fluid (Sakiadis flow) both under a convective surface boundary condition. Using a similarity variable, the governing nonlinear partial differential equations have been transformed into a set of coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations, which are solved numerically by using shooting technique along side with the sixth order of Runge-Kutta integration scheme and the variations of dimensionless surface temperature and fluid-solid interface characteristics for different values of Prandtl number Pr, radiation parameter NR, parameter a and the Eckert number Ec, which characterizes our convection processes are graphed and tabulated. Quite different and interesting behaviours were encountered for Blasius flow compared with a Sakiadis flow. A comparison with previously published results on special cases of the problem shows excellent agreement

Relativity in space-times with short-distance structure governed by an observer-independent (Planckian) length scale

I show that it is possible to formulate the Relativity postulates in a way that does not lead to inconsistencies in the case of space-times whose short-distance structure is governed by an observer-independent length scale. The consistency of these postulates proves incorrect the expectation that modifications of the rules of kinematics involving the Planck length would necessarily require the introduction of a preferred class of inertial observers. In particular, it is possible for every inertial observer to agree on physical laws supporting deformed dispersion relations of the type $E^2- c^2 p^2- c^4 m^2 + f(E,p,m;L_p)=0$, at least for certain types of $f$.Comment: Same formulas and results as in 1st version, but a change of notation is introduced in order to clarify that the studied illustrative example is consistent with the R.P. for both choices of the overall sign. 1 ref added and 2 refs upgraded. Some rewording of the text in Sec5, and addition of an analogy with background fields in ordinary electromagnetism which I use to illustrate difference between space-times with an observer-independent Lp, and space-times in which Lp is introduced without modifications of Special Relativit

Gender mainstreaming and EU climate change policy

This article uses feminist institutionalism to examine how gender mainstreaming has been sidelined in European Union (EU) climate change policy. It finds that, with a few exceptions largely emanating from the European Parliament's Committee on Women's Rights and Gender Equality, EU responses to climate change are gender-blind. This is despite the Treaty obligations to gender mainstream policy in all areas and despite the intersections between climate change and development policy, which is renowned for having taken gender equality and women's empowerment seriously and for instigating gender mainstreaming and specific actions as a means to achieve them. The persistent invisibility of gender can be attributed to various forms of institutional resistance

Introduction: Interpreting British European Policy

Britain has had particular problems reconciling itself to the idea of being a ‘European’ actor and a wholehearted member of the EEC/EU since 1973. Now, potentially, the ‘awkward partner’, is edging towards the exit door of the EU because a membership referendum is an increasingly likely prospect in the coming years. The aim of this special issue is to consider how we can account for the present state of affairs by adopting an interpretivist perspective on British European policy over the past four decades. The article begins with a comprehensive review of the extant literature on Britain and Europe, and an elaboration of the ‘traditions and dilemmas’ framework within which the contributors have studied the empirical material in their articles. It then explains the major themes that connect the articles and suggests how future research might build on the agenda proposed in this special issue

A. Tovias, The European Communities\u27 Single Market: The Challenge of 1992 for Sub-Saharan Africa

Professor Tovias\u27 book is a refreshing and welcome addition to the existing literature on the different aspects of Europe 1992. The European Communities\u27 Single Market is divided into seven chapters. The introduction in Chapter One is preceded by a summary and conclusions. Chapter Two discusses the interdependence between the EC and Sub-Saharan Africa.\u27 The third and fourth chapters are devoted to the effects of eliminating specific intra-EC barriers and new barriers likely to arise from Europe 1992. Chapter Five comprises an analysis of the impact of Europe 1992 on various sectors, such as mineral products, tropical products, and services.\u27 In the sixth and final substantive chapter, the discussion focuses on the implications for Sub-Saharan Africa of Europe 1992\u27s export credit policies.\u27 The Book concludes with a set of policy recommendations, a detailed statistical annex, and a less comprehensive bibliography. \u27 On the whole, The European Communities\u27 Single Market is a well written and thought-provoking book. Its conclusions are clear and unequivocal. The Book could have benefitted, however, from a discussion of Europe 1992\u27s impact on the private sector of SSA. As explained below, the private sector in African economies is gradually but inevitably supplanting the public sector in importance. In fairness to Professor Tovias, however, it must be stressed that a book as brief as the one being reviewed cannot be expected to cover all aspects of Europe 1992\u27s likely impact on SSA