Least Upper Bounds of the Powers Extracted and Scattered by Bi-anisotropic Particles

The least upper bounds of the powers extracted and scattered by bi-anisotropic particles are investigated analytically. A rigorous derivation for particles having invertible polarizability tensors is presented, and the particles with singular polarizability tensors that have been reported in the literature are treated explicitly. The analysis concludes that previous upper bounds presented for isotropic particles can be extrapolated to bi-anisotropic particles. In particular, it is shown that neither nonreciprocal nor magnetoelectric coupling phenomena can further increase those upper bounds on the extracted and scattered powers. The outcomes are illustrated further with approximate circuit model examples of two dipole antennas connected via a generic lossless network.Comment: 9 pages, 1 figure

Creation and manipulation of entanglement in spin chains far from equilibrium

We investigate creation, manipulation, and steering of entanglement in spin chains from the viewpoint of quantum communication between distant parties. We demonstrate how global parametric driving of the spin-spin coupling and/or local time-dependent Zeeman fields produce a large amount of entanglement between the first and the last spin of the chain. This occurs whenever the driving frequency meets a resonance condition, identified as "entanglement resonance". Our approach marks a promising step towards an efficient quantum state transfer or teleportation in solid state system. Following the reasoning of Zueco et al. [1], we propose generation and routing of multipartite entangled states by use of symmetric tree-like structures of spin chains. Furthermore, we study the effect of decoherence on the resulting spin entanglement between the corresponding terminal spins.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figure

Duality approach to one-dimensional degenerate electronic systems

We investigate the possible classification of zero-temperature spin-gapped phases of multicomponent electronic systems in one spatial dimension. At the heart of our analysis is the existence of non-perturbative duality symmetries which emerge within a low-energy description. These dualities fall into a finite number of classes that can be listed and depend only on the algebraic properties of the symmetries of the system: its physical symmetry group and the maximal continuous symmetry group of the interaction. We further characterize possible competing orders associated to the dualities and discuss the nature of the quantum phase transitions between them. Finally, as an illustration, the duality approach is applied to the description of the phases of two-leg electronic ladders for incommensurate filling.Comment: 53 pages, 3 figures, published versio

Impurity scattering in highly anisotropic superconductors and interband sign reversal of the order parameter

We discuss various mechanisms that can lead to interband sign reversal of the order parameter in a multiband superconductor. In particular, we generalize Abrikosov-Gor'kov solution of the problem of weakly coupled superconductor with magnetic and nonmagnetic impurities on the case of arbitary order parameter anisotropy, including extreme cases as $d-$pairing or interband sign reversal of the order parameter, and show that interband scattering by magnetic impurities can stabilize an interband sign-reversal state. We discuss a possibility of such state in YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_7$ in the context of various experiments: Josephson tunneling, neutron scattering, isotope effect measurements.Comment: 8 pages, 1 psfig. To be published in materials of 1996 SPIE conference "Spectroscopic Studies of Superconductors". This is a summary of papers cond-mat/9501117, cond-mat/9501118, cond-mat/9502025, cond-mat/9504076. Besides, we derive a formula for Tc suppression by magnetic and nonmagnetic impurities for arbitrary anisotrop

Interplane and intraplane heat transport in quasi two-dimensional nodal superconductors

We analyze the behavior of the thermal conductivity in quasi-two dimensional superconductors with line nodes. Motivated by measurements of the anisotropy between the interplane and intraplane thermal transport in CeIrIn_5 we show that a simple model of the open Fermi surface with vertical line nodes is insufficient to describe the data. We propose two possible extensions of the model taking into account a) additional modulation of the gap along the axial direction of the open Fermi surface; and b) dependence of the interplane tunneling on the direction of the in-plane momentum. We discuss the temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity anisotropy and its low T limit in these two models and compare the results with a model with a horizontal line of nodes (``hybrid gap''). We discuss possible relevance of each model for the symmetry of the order parameter in CeIrIn_5, and suggest further experiments aimed at clarifying the shape of the superconducting gap.Comment: 14pages, 12 figure