Integration of Big Data for Connected Cars Applications Based on Tethered Connectivity

AbstractThe wireless communication technologies built-in or brought in the vehicle enable new in-car telematics services. The development of connected cars emphasizes the use of sophisticated computation framework for gathering, analyzing a large volume of data generated in all aspects of vehicle operations using Big Data technologies. Since these data are essential for many connected cars applications, the design and monitoring of MapReduce algorithms for processing vehicle's data using Hadoop framework will allow to build a hosting of analytics data source. This hosting data source allows different connected cars industry ecosystem to access useful data they need to afford connected cars applications.This paper studies design steps to take in consideration when implementing MapReduce patterns to analyze vehicle's data in order to produce accurate useful data that are hosted at the automakers and connect cars services providers. Experiment results show that MapReduce join algorithm is highly scalable and optimized for distributed computing than Statistical Analysis System (SAS) framework and HiveQL declarative language

Connected Car: technologies, issues, future trends

The connected car -a vehicle capable of accessing to the Internet, of communicating with smart devices as well as other cars and road infrastructures, and of collecting real-time data from multiple sources- is likely to play a fundamental role in the foreseeable Internet Of Things. In a context ruled by very strong competitive forces, a significant amount of car manufacturers and software and hardware developers have already embraced the challenge of providing innovative solutions for new generation vehicles. Today’s cars are asked to relieve drivers from the most stressful operations needed for driving, providing them with interesting and updated entertainment functions. In the meantime, they have to comply to the increasingly stringent standards about safety and reliability. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the possibilities offered by connected functionalities on cars and the associated technological issues and problems, as well as to enumerate the currently available hardware and software solutions and their main features

The Tethered Economy

Imagine a future in which every purchase decision is as complex as choosing a mobile phone. What will ongoing service cost? Is it compatible with other devices you use? Can you move data and applications across de- vices? Can you switch providers? These are just some of the questions one must consider when a product is “tethered” or persistently linked to the seller. The Internet of Things, but more broadly, consumer products with embedded software, are already tethered. While tethered products bring the benefits of connection, they also carry its pathologies. As sellers blend hardware and software—as well as product and service—tethers yoke the consumer to a continuous post-transaction rela- tionship with the seller. The consequences of that dynamic will be felt both at the level of individual consumer harms and on the scale of broader, economy- wide effects. These consumer and market-level harms, while distinct, reinforce and amplify one another in troubling ways. Seller contracts have long sought to shape consumers’ legal rights. But in a tethered environment, these rights may become nonexistent as legal processes are replaced with automated technological enforcement. In such an environment, the consumer-seller relationship becomes extractive, more akin to consumers captive in an amusement park than to a competitive marketplace in which many sellers strive to offer the best product for the lowest price. At the highest level, consumer protection law is concerned with promot- ing functioning free markets and insulating consumers from harms stemming from information asymmetries. We conclude by exploring legal options to re- duce the pathologies of the tethered economy

Riley v. California and the Stickiness Principle

In Fourth Amendment decisions, different concepts, facts and assumptions about reality are often tethered together by vocabulary and fact, creating a ‘Stickiness Principle.’ In particular, form and function historically were considered indistinguishable, not as separate factors. For example, “containers” carried things, “watches” told time, and “phones” were used to make voice calls. Advancing technology, though, began to fracture this identity and the broader Stickiness Principle. In June 2014, Riley v. California and its companion case, United States v. Wurie, offered the Supreme Court an opportunity to begin untethering form and function and dismantling the Stickiness Principle. Riley presented the question of whether cell phone searches incident to a lawful arrest were constitutional. The Court, which had clung to pre-digital concepts such as physical trespass well into the twenty-first century, appeared ready to explore how technology is reshaping historically understood conceptions of privacy. From a broader perspective, the case offers an initial step in reconciling pre-digital rules based on outdated spatial conceptions of physical things with the changing realities of a technology driven world

A Recent Connected Vehicle - IoT Automotive Application Based on Communication Technology

Realizing the full potential of vehicle communications depends in large part on the infrastructure of vehicular networks. As more cars are connected to the Internet and one another, new technological advancements are being driven by a multidisciplinary approach. As transportation networks become more complicated, academic, and automotive researchers collaborate to offer their thoughts and answers. They also imagine various applications to enhance mobility and the driving experience. Due to the requirement for low latency, faster throughput, and increased reliability, wireless access technologies and an appropriate (potentially dedicated) infrastructure present substantial hurdles to communication systems. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the wireless access technologies, deployment, and connected car infrastructures that enable vehicular connectivity. The challenges, issues, services, and maintenance of connected vehicles that rely on infrastructure-based vehicular communications are also identified in this paper

Telematics in the second machine age: Designing a novel business model for repair and maintenance of the connected car

The running decade constitutes a substantial point in time, as digitalization has managed to revolutionize every fathomable industry at an exponential rate. The transition to the Second Machine Age, where machines gradually overpass our mental capabilities, is ongoing and within that paradigm the automotive industry is heavily in focus. From the point of integrating circuits 30 years ago until today, Information Technology has penetrated the industry, and that entails its own opportunities and challenges for the conventions that manufacturers currently practice. This Thesis aims to provoke the industry by elaborating on a service concept, supported by a new business model for the car repair and maintenance service sector. The reasoning of choosing this specific sector, was to offer a different perspective to the abundance of visions that exist about the future of the car, which only consider the first-hand user, and are mostly used for marketing purposes. Due to the geographical context of the Thesis, the focus market is on the Finnish car market, but the eventual recommendations can be applicable elsewhere as well. The approach that was used to successfully carry out the Thesis project, was heavily reliant on an extensive overview of the various enablers of the connected car (ie. telematics), along with a stakeholder research. Car users were approached with a wide-spread online questionnaire, and interviews were conducted with various influential representatives in the repair and maintenance scene. The insights gathered signaled about the changes of consumer behavior in terms of car ownership, and the weakness of having a cost-driven structure in service provision. Eventually, a design brief and drivers were defined that lead the conceptual phase. In the concept, the vehicle is seen as a platform that is adaptable to the various ownership modes, provides increased and improved interactions between users and service providers, and has a transparent subscription-based pricing model. The future-driven approach of The Thesis has also given space to provide recommendations to vital players in the scene (service providers, network providers, manufacturers) along with a short iteration on the timeframe

Teknologinen kehitys ja sen vaikutus autoteollisuuden arvoketjuihin

This Master’s thesis studies the ways new technologies affect the automotive industry’s value chains. The industry’s revenues are shifting from hardware to software and from products to services, influencing the traditional players’ roles, business models and operations, and attracting new players from other industries. The trends driving these changes are based on connectivity, infotainment, ADAS, autonomous driving, and new mobility services. This thesis also investigates what possibilities these changes can bring to Finland. In this thesis, theory about value creation and value chains was studied from literature. Technology trends and changes in the industry’s value chain structures were studied by getting information from literature and interviews, and by analyzing the traditional players’ activity on acquiring capabilities related to new technologies. Many of the new innovations will come from other industries, and especially the number of agile players entering the automotive market from the ICT-industry are likely to increase. These new technology suppliers and service providers have become a part of the automotive value chain, complementing it to help answer the customer demand and safety regulations. New technologies are shaping the value chain and forming a value network around the traditional tiered value chain. The traditional players need to gain internal and external software know-how and cooperate with the new entrants to succeed in developing intelligent vehicles and bringing new kinds of services to the customers. The broad Finnish expertize on multiple areas can be transferred to answer the needs of the automotive industry on connected cars, autonomous driving and developing new services. However, Finland needs more companies, deeper understanding on how the automotive industry works, and raising awareness about Finland’s innovative ecosystem in order to succeed in the automotive market and to attract foreign investments