Future benefits and applications of intelligent on-board processing to VSAT services

The trends and roles of VSAT services in the year 2010 time frame are examined based on an overall network and service model for that period. An estimate of the VSAT traffic is then made and the service and general network requirements are identified. In order to accommodate these traffic needs, four satellite VSAT architectures based on the use of fixed or scanning multibeam antennas in conjunction with IF switching or onboard regeneration and baseband processing are suggested. The performance of each of these architectures is assessed and the key enabling technologies are identified

Fiber Optic Tactical Local Network (FOTLAN)

A 100 Mbit/s FDDI (fiber distributed data interface) network interface unit is described that supports real-time data, voice and video. Its high-speed interrupt-driven hardware architecture efficiently manages stream and packet data transfer to the FDDI network. Other enhancements include modular single-mode laser-diode fiber optic links to maximize node spacing, optic bypass switches for increased fault tolerance, and a hardware performance monitor to gather real-time network diagnostics

Kompetensi guru dalam pengajaran amali reka bentuk dan teknologi di Sekolah Rendah Daerah Batu Pahat

Kompetensi bermaksud kemampuan atau kecekapan seseorang individu dalam melakukan sesuatu tugasan. Kompetensi juga merujuk kepada kemampuan seseorang dalam melaksanakan sesuatu yang diperolehi melalui pendidikan dan juga merujuk kepada prestasi dan perbuatan yang rasional untuk memenuhi spesifikasi tertentu di dalam pelaksanaan tugas-tugas pendidikan. Objektif kajian ini dijalankan adalah untuk mengenalpasti tahap kompetensi guru terhadap pengajaran amali Reka Bentuk dan Teknologi di Sekolah Rendah Daerah Batu Pahat. Kajian ini berbentuk tinjauan deskriptif yang menggunakan borang soal selidik sebagai instrumen kajian. Borang soal selidik yang dibina adalah berdasarkan kepada tiga elemen iaitu elemen pengetahuan, kemahiran dan sikap. Seramai 118 orang guru yang mengajar mata pelajaran ini telah terlibat sebagai responden. Data yang dikumpulkan telah dianalisis dengan menggunakan perisian Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) versi 19 yang melibatkan statistik skor min dan ujian-T tidak bersandar. Hasil dapatan kajian yang diperolehi menunjukkan guru-guru Reka Bentuk dan Teknoogi mempunyai tahap kompetensi yang tinggi terhadap proses pengajaran amali iaitu skor min yang diperolehi pada elemen pengetahuan adalah 4.23, elemen kemahiran adalah 4.30, dan elemen sikap adalah 4.47. Dapatan kajian juga menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan terhadap tahap kompetensi berdasarkan jantina guru lelaki dan guru perempuan dengan nilai sigifikan melebihi 0.05 iaitu sebanyak 0.059. Beberapa cadangan untuk penambahbaikan juga dikemukan dalam kajian ini. Hasil dari dapatan kajian ini dapat digunakan sebagai cadangan garis panduan kepada guru-guru Reka Bentuk dan Teknologi untuk mencapai Standard Kompetensi Guru

ISDN at NASA Lewis Research Center

An expository investigation of the potential impact of the Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) at NASA Lewis Research Center is described. To properly frame the subject, the paper contains a detailed survey of the components of Narrowband ISDN. The principles and objectives are presented as decreed by the Consultative Committee for International Telephone and Telegraph (CCITT). The various channel types are delineated and their associated service combinations are described. The subscriber-access network functions are explained pictorially via the ISDN reference configuration. A section on switching techniques is presented to enable the reader to understand the emergence of the concept of fast packet switching. This new technology is designed to operate over the high bandwidth, low error rate transmission media that characterizes the LeRC environment. A brief introduction to the next generation of networks is covered with sections on Broadband ISDM (B-ISDN), Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM), and Synchronous Optical Networks (SONET). Applications at LeRC are presented, first in terms of targets of opportunity, then in light of compatibility constraints. In-place pilot projects and testing are described that demonstrate actual usage at LeRC

Optical shutter switching matrix

The interface switching systems are discussed which are related to those used in the Space Shuttle ground control system, transmission systems, communications systems, and airborne radar electronic countermeasure systems. The main goal is to identify a need that exists throughout the comprehensive information processing and communications disciplines supporting the Space Shuttle and Space Station programs, and introduce one viable approach to satisfy that need. The proposed device, described in NASA patent entitled 'Optical Shutter Switch Matrix', is discussed

Bundling, Differentiation, Alliances and Mergers: Convergence Strategies in U.S. Communication Markets

Convergence is a multi-facetted phenomenon affecting the technological basis of information and communication industries, the boundaries of existing and new markets, and the organization of service providers. Convergence in substitutes will tend to increase the intensity of competition but convergence in complements may have the opposite effect. Given the economics of advanced communication industries, convergence necessitates strategies to overcome the risk of commodification at the level of networks, applications, and services. The paper examines bundling, differentiation, alliances, and merger strategies adopted by North American service providers in response to convergence. Service providers'opportunities and risks in the emerging environment differ considerably, with cable and telephone service providers presently in stronger positions than wireless service providers, broadcasters, and satellite service providers. New entrants such as Vonage, Skype, Google, and Yahoo have high disruptive potential but remain disadvantaged without their own access networks.convergence; bundling; differentiation; alliances; mergers

The rise and demise of Lucent Technologies

We analyze the rise and demise of Lucent Technologies from the time that it was spun off from AT&T in April 1996 to its merger with Alcatel in December 2006. The analysis, contained in the three sections that form the body of this paper, considers three questions concerning Lucent’s performance over the decade of its existence. 1.How was Lucent, with over $20 billion in sales in 1995 as a division of AT&T, able to almost double its size by achieving a compound growth rate of over 17 percent per year from 1995 to 1999? 2.What was the relationship between Lucent’s growth strategy during the Internet boom and the company’s financial difficulties in the Internet crash of 2001-2003 when the Lucent was on the brink of bankruptcy? 3.After extensive restructuring during the telecommunications industry downturn of 2001-2003, why was Lucent unable to re-emerge as an innovative competitor in the communications equipment industry when the industry recovered?Communications equipment; innovation; global competition; financialization

NASA and the challenge of ISDN: The role of satellites in an ISDN world

To understand what role satellites may play in Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN), it is necessary to understand the concept of ISDN, including key organizations involved, the current status of key standards recommendations, and domestic and international progress implementation of ISDN. Each of these areas are explained. A summary of the technical performance criteria for ISDN, current standards for satellites in ISDN, key players in the ISDN environment, and what steps can be taken to encourage application of satellites in ISDN are also covered