683,265 research outputs found
Inorganic–organic nanocomposites of CdSe nanocrystals surface-modified with oligo- and poly(fluorene) moieties
We report a facile grafting-from strategy towards the synthesis of inorganic–organic composites of semiconductor nanocrystals and wide-bandgap polymers. Amino-functional fluorenes have been used as co-ligands for CdSe nanocrystals, thus enabling us to design their surface directly during the synthesis. Highly monodisperse, strongly emitting CdSe nanocrystals have been obtained. Subsequently, a straightforward Yamamoto C–C coupling protocol was used to carry out surface polymerisation, hence modifying CdSe nanocrystals with oligo- and poly(fluorene) moieties. Both amino-fluorene capped CdSe nanocrystals and the resulting nanocrystal–polymer composites were characterized in detail by optical and FT-IR spectroscopy, TEM, AFM, and gel permeation chromatography, showing their potential as novel functional inorganic–organic hybrid materials
Inorganic spark chamber frame and method of making the same
A spark chamber frame, manufactured using only inorganic materials is described. The spark chamber frame includes a plurality of beams formed from inorganic material, such as ceramic or glass, and are connected together at ends with inorganic bonding material having substantially the same thermal expansion as the beam material. A plurality of wires formed from an inorganic composition are positioned between opposed beams so that the wires are uniformly spaced and form a grid. A plurality of hold down straps are formed of inorganic material such as ceramic or glass having substantially the same chemical and thermal properties as the beam material. Hold down straps overlie wires extending over the beams and are bonded thereto with inorganic bonding material
Fabrication of hydrophobic inorganic coatings on natural lotus leaves for nanoimprint stamps
Hydrophobic inorganic films were obtained by direct deposition of copper or
silicon onto natural lotus leaves by ion beam sputtering deposition technique.
Scanning electron microscopy observations showed a lotus-leaf-like surface
structure of the deposited inorganic films. Hydrophobic nature of the inorganic
films on lotus leaves had been improved compared to the inorganic films
deposited on flat silicon substrates. Water contact angles measured on the
lotus-leaf-like copper and silicon films were 136.3 \pm 8{\deg} and 117.8 \pm
4.4{\deg}, respectively. The hydrophobic lotus-leaf-like inorganic films had
been repeated used as nanoimprint stamps. Negative structures of
lotus-leaf-like inorganic films were obtained on the polystyrene resist layers.Comment: 14 pages, 6 figure
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Inorganic nanowires
Provided in one embodiment is a method of forming an inorganic nanowire, comprising: providing an elongated organic scaffold; providing a plurality of inorganic nanoparticles attached to the organic scaffold along a length of the organic scaffold; and fusing the nanoparticles attached to the organic scaffold to form an inorganic nanowire.Board of Regents, University of Texas Syste
Room-Temperature Processing of Inorganic Perovskite Films to Enable Flexible Solar Cells
Inorganic lead halide perovskite materials have attracted great attention
recently due to their potential for greater thermal stability compared to
hybrid organic perovskites. However, the high processing temperature to convert
from the non-perovskite phase to cubic perovskite phase in many of these
systems has limited their application in flexible optoelectronic devices. Here,
we report a room temperature processed inorganic PSC based on CsPbI2Br as the
light harvesting layer. By combing this composition with key precursor
solvents, we show that the inorganic perovskite film can be prepared by the
vacuum-assist method under room temperature conditions in air. Unencapsulated
devices achieved the power conversion efficiency up to 8.67% when measured
under 1-sun irradiation. Exploiting this room temperature process, flexible
inorganic PSCs based on an inorganic metal halide perovskite material is
demonstrated.Comment: 23 pages, 4 figures, and supplemental informatio
A new atmospheric aerosol phase equilibrium model (UHAERO): organic systems
In atmospheric aerosols, water and volatile inorganic and organic species are distributed between the gas and aerosol phases in accordance with thermodynamic equilibrium. Within an atmospheric particle, liquid and solid phases can exist at equilibrium. Models exist for computation of phase equilibria for inorganic/water mixtures typical of atmospheric aerosols; when organic species are present, the phase equilibrium problem is complicated by organic/water interactions as well as the potentially large number of organic species. We present here an extension of the UHAERO inorganic thermodynamic model (Amundson et al., 2006c) to organic/water systems. Phase diagrams for a number of model organic/water systems characteristic of both primary and secondary organic aerosols are computed. Also calculated are inorganic/organic/water phase diagrams that show the effect of organics on inorganic deliquescence behavior. The effect of the choice of activity coefficient model for organics on the computed phase equilibria is explored
Tunable Semiconductors: Control over Carrier States and Excitations in Layered Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Perovskites
For a class of 2D hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite semiconductors based on
-conjugated organic cations, we predict quantitatively how varying the
organic and inorganic component allows control over the nature, energy and
localization of carrier states in a quantum-well-like fashion. Our
first-principles predictions, based on large-scale hybrid density-functional
theory with spin-orbit coupling, show that the interface between the organic
and inorganic parts within a single hybrid can be modulated systematically,
enabling us to select between different type-I and type-II energy level
alignments. Energy levels, recombination properties and transport behavior of
electrons and holes thus become tunable by choosing specific organic
functionalizations and juxtaposing them with suitable inorganic components
Fertilization: trade-offs between manure abatement and plant productivity
In 2005, 30% of the Flemish farms faced
a manure excess, while at aggregated level still 9.7% of
the emission rights were unused. This means that,
despite the various possibilities, Flemish farmers do not
succeed in an effective exchange of manure between
farms. In current paper is shown how inorganic
fertilizer use influences the use and exchange of organic
nitrogen. Because of the mutual interdependency
between organic and inorganic nitrogen emission rights
(or quota), inorganic nitrogen use limits the emission
rights for organic nitrogen. Utilisation of these emission
rights are analysed as a trade-offs choice between plant
productivity (use of inorganic nitrogen) and manure
disposal, as the major abatement alternative of manure
production. Farmers still prefer inorganic fertilizers
because of their effect on plant productivity and
income. However, by changing the quota rent of
organic nitrogen, the fertilization behaviour can be
influenced. A higher quota rent of organic nitrogen
would increase the use of manure. This trade-off
behaviour seriously influences effectiveness of policies.
When the objective is to lower the total nitrogen use, a
mere reduction of organic quota can partially be
counteracted by a higher inorganic nitrogen use. When
the objective is to better spread the manure, increasing
the quota rent for deficit farms will increase their
acceptance of manure
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Rich Chemistry in Inorganic Halide Perovskite Nanostructures.
Halide perovskites have emerged as a class of promising semiconductor materials owing to their remarkable optoelectronic properties exhibiting in solar cells, light-emitting diodes, semiconductor lasers, etc. Inorganic halide perovskites are attracting increasing attention because of the higher stability toward moisture, light, and heat as compared with their organic-inorganic hybrid counterparts. In particular, inorganic halide perovskite nanomaterials provide controllable morphology, tunable optoelectronic properties, and improved quantum efficiency. Here, the development controlled synthesis of desired inorganic halide perovskite nanostructures by various chemical approaches is described. Utilizing these nanostructures as platforms, anion exchange chemistry for wide compositional and optical tunabilities is described, and the rich structural phase transition phenomenon and mechanism investigated systematically. Furthermore, these nanostructures and extracted knowledge are applied to design photonic, photovoltaic, and thermoelectric devices. Finally, future directions and challenges toward improvement of the optical, electrical, and optoelectronic properties, exploration of the anion and cation exchange kinetics, and alleviation of the stability and toxicity issues in inorganic lead based halide perovskites are discussed to provide an outlook on this promising field
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