The Commercial Application of Missile/Space Technology, Parts 1 and 2

This report is concerned with the transfer of technology from missile and space programs to non-missile/space applications in the United States. It presents the findings of a University of Denver Research Institute study sponsored by a National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) grant awarded in November 1961. Initial stimulation for the unsolicited proposal leading to this study came from a 1960 Brookings Institution report to NASA, Proposed Studies on the Implications of Peaceful Space Activities for Human Affairs

A Corpus-based Language Network Analysis of Near-synonyms in a Specialized Corpus

As the international medium of communication for seafarers throughout the world, the importance of English has long been recognized in the maritime industry. Many studies have been conducted on Maritime English teaching and learning, nevertheless, although there are many near-synonyms existing in the language, few studies have been conducted on near-synonyms used in the maritime industry. The objective of this study is to answer the following three questions. First, what are the differences and similarities between different near-synonyms in English? Second, can collocation network analysis provide a new perspective to explain the distinctions of near-synonyms from a micro-scopic level? Third, is semantic domain network analysis useful to distinguish one near-synonym from the other at the macro-scopic level? In pursuit of these research questions, I first illustrated how the idea of incorporating collocates in corpus linguistics, Maritime English, near-synonyms, semantic domains and language network was studied. Then important concepts such as Maritime English, English for Specific Purposes, corpus linguistics, synonymy, collocation, semantic domains and language network analysis were introduced. Third, I compiled a 2.5 million word specialized Maritime English Corpus and proposed a new method of tagging English multi-word compounds, discussing the comparison of with and without multi-word compounds with regard to tokens, types, STTR and mean word length. Fourth, I examined collocates of five groups of near-synonyms, i.e., ship vs. vessel, maritime vs. marine, ocean vs. sea, safety vs. security, and harbor vs. port, drawing data through WordSmith 6.0, tagging semantic domains in Wmatrix 3.0, and conducting network analyses using NetMiner 4.0. In the final stage, from the results and discussions, I was able to answer the research questions. First, maritime near-synonyms generally show clear preference to specific collocates. Due to the specialty of Maritime English, general definitions are not helpful for the distinction between near-synonyms, therefore a new perspective is needed to view the behaviors of maritime words. Second, as a special visualization method, collocation network analysis can provide learners with a direct vision of the relationships between words. Compared with traditional collocation tables, learners are able to more quickly identify the collocates and find the relationship between several node words. In addition, it is much easier for learners to find the collocates exclusive to a specific word, thereby helping them to understand the meaning specific to that word. Third, if the collocation network shows learners relationships of words, the semantic domain network is able to offer guidance cognitively: when a person has a specific word, how he can process it in his mind and therefore find the more appropriate synonym to collocate with. Main semantic domain network analysis shows us the exclusive domains to a certain near-synonym, and therefore defines the concepts exclusive to that near-synonym: furthermore, main semantic domain network analysis and sub-semantic domain network analysis together are able to tell us how near-synonyms show preference or tendency for one synonym rather than another, even when they have shared semantic domains. The options in identifying relationships of near-synonyms can be presented through the classic metaphor of "the forest and the trees." Generally speaking, we see only the vein of a tree leaf through the traditional way of sentence-level analysis. We see the full leaf through collocation network analysis. We see the tree, even the whole forest, through semantic domain network analysis.Contents Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1.1 Focus of Inquiry 1 1.2 Outline of the Thesis 5 Chapter 2. Literature Review 8 2.1 A Brief Synopsis 8 2.2 Maritime English as an English for Specific Purposes (ESP) 9 2.2.1 What is ESP? 9 2.2.2 Maritime English as ESP 10 2.2.3 ESP and Corpus Linguistics 11 2.3 Synonymy 12 2.3.1 Definition of Synonymy 13 2.3.2 Synonymy as a Matter of Degree 15 2.3.3 Criteria for Synonymy Differentiation 18 2.3.4 Near-synonyms in Corpus Linguistics 19 2.4 Collocation 21 2.4.1 Definition of Collocation 21 2.4.2 Collocation in Corpus Linguistics 22 2.4.2.1 Definition of Collocation in Corpus Linguistics 23 2.4.2.2 Collocation vs. Colligation 24 2.4.3 Lexical Priming of Collocation in Psychology 25 2.5 Language Network Analysis 26 2.5.1 Definition 26 2.5.2 Classification 27 2.5.3 Basic Concepts 31 2.5.4 Previous Studies 33 2.6 Semantic Domain Analysis 39 2.6.1 Concepts of Semantic Domains 39 2.6.2 Previous Studies on Semantic Domain Analysis 39 Chapter 3. Data and Methodology 41 3.1 Maritime English Corpus 41 3.1.1 What is a Corpus? 41 3.1.2 Characteristics of a Corpus 42 3.1.2.1 Corpus-driven vs. Corpus-based research 42 3.1.2.2 Specialized Corpora for Specialized Discourse 43 3.1.3 Maritime English Corpus (MEC) 44 3.1.3.1 Sampling of the MEC 45 3.1.3.2 Size, Balance, and Representativeness 51 3.1.3.3 Multi-word Compounds in the MEC 53 3.1.3.4 Basic Information of the MEC 56 3.2 Methodology for Collocates Extraction 60 3.3 Methodology for Networks Visualization 63 3.4 Methodology for Semantic Tagging 65 3.5 Process of Data Analysis 69 Chapter 4. Collocation Network Analysis of Near-synonyms 70 4.1 Meaning Differences 71 4.1.1 Ship vs. Vessel 71 4.1.2 Maritime vs. Marine 72 4.1.3 Sea vs. Ocean 73 4.1.4 Safety vs. Security 74 4.1.5 Port vs. Harbor 76 4.2 Similarity Degree of Groups of Near-synonyms 76 4.2.1 Similarity Degree Based on Number of Shared Collocates 77 4.2.2 Similarity Degree Based on MI3 Cosine Similarity 78 4.3 Collocation Network Analysis 80 4.3.1 Ship vs. Vessel 80 4.3.2 Maritime vs. Marine 82 4.3.3 Sea vs. Ocean 84 4.3.4 Safety vs. Security 85 4.3.5 Port vs. Harbor 87 4.4 Advantages and Limitations of Collocation Network Analysis 88 Chapter 5. Semantic Domain Network Analysis of Near-synonyms 89 5.1 Comparison between Collocation and Semantic Domain Analysis 89 5.2 Semantic Domain Network Analysis of Exclusiveness 92 5.2.1 Ship vs. Vessel 93 5.2.2 Maritime vs. Marine 96 5.2.3 Sea vs. Ocean 99 5.2.4 Safety vs. Security 102 5.2.5 Port vs. Harbor 105 5.3 Analysis of Shared Semantic Domains 108 5.4 Advantages and Limitations of Semantic Domain Network Analysis 112 Chapter 6. Conclusion 113 6.1 Summary 113 6.2 Limitations and Implications 116 References 118 Appendix: Collocates of Near-synonyms 136Docto

Proceedings of the Scientific-Practical Conference "Research and Development - 2016"

talent management; sensor arrays; automatic speech recognition; dry separation technology; oil production; oil waste; laser technolog

Investigation of surface engineering and monitoring for reliable wind turbine gearboxes

Most industrial wind turbines use gearboxes to increase the speed of rotor to the speed required by the generator. However, gearbox is among the least reliable wind turbine subsystems. In this study, the root failure cause of gearbox components retrieved from the field has been analysed and deduced to be the result of the combined effects of misalignment, coarse non-metallic inclusions, and inadequate or inconsistent lubrication, which has been verified using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) simulations. Subsequently, duplex surface systems were designed as WC/a-C:H coating deposited on surface hardened steel to mitigate or eliminate the life-limiting problems of gearboxes, which exhibited superior properties and performance than single coating systems and carburised samples. In addition to the advanced surface systems, an improved methodology of condition monitoring has been developed to avoid unpredictable gearbox failures. Four wheels made of as-received EN36 and EN40BT steel grades, carburised EN36 and nitrided EN40BT were tested against WC wheel using a rolling-sliding wear tester. The development of wheel damage was found to be closely interrelated with the AE signals. The vibration spectrum significantly changed after severe and visible damage formed on the surface of the tested wheel samples

Special Issue of the Manufacturing Engineering Society (MES)

This book derives from the Special Issue of the Manufacturing Engineering Society (MES) that was launched as a Special Issue of the journal Materials. The 48 contributions, published in this book, explore the evolution of traditional manufacturing models toward the new requirements of the Manufacturing Industry 4.0 and present cutting-edge advances in the field of Manufacturing Engineering focusing on additive manufacturing and 3D printing, advances and innovations in manufacturing processes, sustainable and green manufacturing, manufacturing systems (machines, equipment and tooling), metrology and quality in manufacturing, Industry 4.0, product lifecycle management (PLM) technologies, and production planning and risks

Análisis mediante elementos discretos (MED) y evaluación experimental bajo la Norma ASTM G-99 del desgaste en revestimientos duros aplicados por procesos de soldadura en uñas de acero 32MnCrMo6-4-3 de una excavadora hidráulica CAT 336D2 L

El desgaste de materiales es un fenómeno que afecta a todo tipo de industrias, debido a este gran problema, diferentes investigadores vienen desarrollando estudios para minimizar los efectos del desgaste. La presente tesis abarca el estudio de 3 recubrimientos duros aplicado en el acero de las uñas de Acero 32MnCrMo6-4-3 (K-130), utilizado en las excavadoras hidráulicas 336D2 L CAT y su incidencia en el desgaste presentado en la mina Barrick – Lagunas norte. Durante la elaboración de este proyecto se realizarán estudios y pruebas respecto a la resistencia al desgaste de los materiales anteriormente mencionados, mediante la norma ASTM G99 y elementos discretos (MED). Teniendo en cuenta factores como tenacidad, dureza, estructura, corrosión presente, modo y tipo de carga, composición química, rugosidad de la superficie, distancia recorrida, frecuencia de cambio, etc. Expresándolos mediante un marco conceptual y de referencia, la metodología con la cual se procedió en este proyecto y las actividades desarrolladas. Palabras claves: desgaste, uñas de acero, recubrimiento, excavadora hidráulica, elementos discretos, tenacidad, dureza, composición químicaTesi

Proceedings of the European Conference on Agricultural Engineering AgEng2021

This proceedings book results from the AgEng2021 Agricultural Engineering Conference under auspices of the European Society of Agricultural Engineers, held in an online format based on the University of Évora, Portugal, from 4 to 8 July 2021. This book contains the full papers of a selection of abstracts that were the base for the oral presentations and posters presented at the conference. Presentations were distributed in eleven thematic areas: Artificial Intelligence, data processing and management; Automation, robotics and sensor technology; Circular Economy; Education and Rural development; Energy and bioenergy; Integrated and sustainable Farming systems; New application technologies and mechanisation; Post-harvest technologies; Smart farming / Precision agriculture; Soil, land and water engineering; Sustainable production in Farm buildings

PhD students´day FMST 2023

The authors gave oral presentations of their work online as part of a Doctoral Students’ Day held on 15 June 2023, and they reflect the challenging work done by the students and their supervisors in the fields of metallurgy, materials engineering and management. There are 82 contributions in total, covering a range of areas – metallurgical technology, thermal engineering and fuels in industry, chemical metallurgy, nanotechnology, materials science and engineering, and industrial systems management. This represents a cross-section of the diverse topics investigated by doctoral students at the faculty, and it will provide a guide for Master’s graduates in these or similar disciplines who are interested in pursuing their scientific careers further, whether they are from the faculty here in Ostrava or engineering faculties elsewhere in the Czech Republic. The quality of the contributions varies: some are of average quality, but many reach a standard comparable with research articles published in established journals focusing on disciplines of materials technology. The diversity of topics, and in some cases the excellence of the contributions, with logical structure and clearly formulated conclusions, reflect the high standard of the doctoral programme at the faculty.Ostrav

Intelligent Systems

This book is dedicated to intelligent systems of broad-spectrum application, such as personal and social biosafety or use of intelligent sensory micro-nanosystems such as "e-nose", "e-tongue" and "e-eye". In addition to that, effective acquiring information, knowledge management and improved knowledge transfer in any media, as well as modeling its information content using meta-and hyper heuristics and semantic reasoning all benefit from the systems covered in this book. Intelligent systems can also be applied in education and generating the intelligent distributed eLearning architecture, as well as in a large number of technical fields, such as industrial design, manufacturing and utilization, e.g., in precision agriculture, cartography, electric power distribution systems, intelligent building management systems, drilling operations etc. Furthermore, decision making using fuzzy logic models, computational recognition of comprehension uncertainty and the joint synthesis of goals and means of intelligent behavior biosystems, as well as diagnostic and human support in the healthcare environment have also been made easier