5,595 research outputs found

    Information actors beyond modernity and coloniality in times of climate change:A comparative design ethnography on the making of monitors for sustainable futures in Curaçao and Amsterdam, between 2019-2022

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    In his dissertation, Mr. Goilo developed a cutting-edge theoretical framework for an Anthropology of Information. This study compares information in the context of modernity in Amsterdam and coloniality in Curaçao through the making process of monitors and develops five ways to understand how information can act towards sustainable futures. The research also discusses how the two contexts, that is modernity and coloniality, have been in informational symbiosis for centuries which is producing negative informational side effects within the age of the Anthropocene. By exploring the modernity-coloniality symbiosis of information, the author explains how scholars, policymakers, and data-analysts can act through historical and structural roots of contemporary global inequities related to the production and distribution of information. Ultimately, the five theses propose conditions towards the collective production of knowledge towards a more sustainable planet

    Generative AI

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    Forschungsbericht / Hochschule Mittweida

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    Multidisciplinary perspectives on Artificial Intelligence and the law

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    This open access book presents an interdisciplinary, multi-authored, edited collection of chapters on Artificial Intelligence (‘AI’) and the Law. AI technology has come to play a central role in the modern data economy. Through a combination of increased computing power, the growing availability of data and the advancement of algorithms, AI has now become an umbrella term for some of the most transformational technological breakthroughs of this age. The importance of AI stems from both the opportunities that it offers and the challenges that it entails. While AI applications hold the promise of economic growth and efficiency gains, they also create significant risks and uncertainty. The potential and perils of AI have thus come to dominate modern discussions of technology and ethics – and although AI was initially allowed to largely develop without guidelines or rules, few would deny that the law is set to play a fundamental role in shaping the future of AI. As the debate over AI is far from over, the need for rigorous analysis has never been greater. This book thus brings together contributors from different fields and backgrounds to explore how the law might provide answers to some of the most pressing questions raised by AI. An outcome of the Católica Research Centre for the Future of Law and its interdisciplinary working group on Law and Artificial Intelligence, it includes contributions by leading scholars in the fields of technology, ethics and the law.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

    LIPIcs, Volume 251, ITCS 2023, Complete Volume

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    LIPIcs, Volume 251, ITCS 2023, Complete Volum

    Improving the SEP licensing framework by revising SSOs’ IPR policies

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    This thesis examines the SEP licensing framework with a view to understanding whether it can be improved by revising IPR policies. The ICT standardisation, which provides interoperability, is one of the building blocks of the modern economy. Put simply, without standards, there would not be IoT or for example, consumers would only be able to connect to a wireless network with devices specifically built for that network. Standards are not a new phenomenon; however, they became more complex with the increasing importance of technology, which made them, in return, more dependent on patented technologies (i.e. SEPs). SEPs cause complications in standardisation as they require SEP owners and potential licensees to negotiate/agree on usually complex licensing agreements. Although SSOs have attempted to regulate this relationship with their IPR policies, now it seems these policies cannot keep up with the changing dynamics and needs in standardisation. Dysfunctions in the system do not only affect competition in the relevant markets, they also prejudice consumers’ interests, for example, by passing on higher prices to cover supra-competitive royalties. In particular, since the first Rambus case in the US, competition/antitrust agencies and courts have been dealing with SEP-related issues. Recently, the EU has been considering addressing some of those with legislation. Conversely, this research derives from the notion that active standardisation participants are better equipped to deal with SEP-related issues, and flexible IPR policies are more suitable for addressing these issues in the dynamic standardisation ecosystem. Against this backdrop, this comparative research aims to identify areas where SEP licensing framework can be improved by reforming IPR policies, and it develops some proposals using the black-letter and empirical research methods that SSOs can implement

    Sound on Display

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    In jüngerer Zeit haben populäre Songs wie ›Heroes‹ von David Bowie, klangkünstlerische Werke wie ›Forty Part Motet‹ von Janet Cardiff und mit ›Lao Khamhom‹ eine der ersten Tonaufnahmen von 1900 Einzug in den Museumskontext gehalten und markieren damit einen Trend: Zunehmend rücken Klangartefakte in den Mittelpunkt von Ausstellungen. Unter welcher Prämisse geschieht dies und welche kuratorischen Schwierigkeiten und Chancen ergeben sich daraus? Oder in Björks Worten gefasst: How do you hang a song on the wall? Sound on Display bietet erstmals einen Überblick über neue Potenziale auditiven Ausstellens und profitiert dabei von dem Umstand, dass sich insbesondere Klang- und Medienkünstler*innen experimentell mit dem Akustischen auseinandergesetzt haben. Den Erkenntnissen, die sich daraus für die Darstellung von akustischen Aufnahmen ableiten lassen, stehen drei Fallbeispiele akustischer Kurationen gegenüber, die allesamt 2018 in Berlin verschiedene Gattungen akustischer Aufnahmen ›on Display‹ stellten: [laut] Die Welt hören, Oh Yeah! und Radiophonic Spaces

    Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Manufacturing Companies' Supply Chain Management in Finland

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    The COVID-19 outbreak shocked the whole world in 2020. As the pandemic quickly spread across the globe, only during its first year, over 75 million positive cases and 1,6 million deaths were reported worldwide, and in November 2022, the same numbers were over 634 million and 6,6 million. The world’s economic system and global markets were greatly affected, and many countries tried to counter the pandemic’s spread by implementing strict lockdowns, which further caused turbulence on the markets. Countless manufacturing companies across the globe were faced with massive global supply chain disruptions, and they were felt even in companies operating in Finland. Managers and scholars alike have been working very hard for the past three years to find out what were (and are) the best countermeasures to combat the pandemic’s effects and disruptions, but a consensus of an answer is still missing. This thesis aims to investigate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on manufacturing companies operating in Finland, and to examine what kind of ways or methods these companies adopted to counter the COVID-19 pandemic in Finland compared to the rest of the world. These two topics form the two main research questions of this thesis, and they are answered from the basis of a qualitative systematic literature review and a mostly qualitative semi-structured interview study to which interviewees from six different manufacturing companies take part in. The literature review consists of supply chain management theory and a look into the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on manufacturing companies operating outside of Finland. The literature review is also used to build a theoretical framework, which is used in the end to analyse the results of the interview study and compare them to the findings of the literature review. The results of this thesis offer insight into the differences of the COVID-19 pandemic’s impacts on the supply chain management of manufacturing companies operating in Finland and outside of Finland, and the different supply chain management related countermeasures taken by these companies. From the literature review, it was discovered that global supply shortages, large-scale fluctuations in demand, consumption shocks, and increases in material prices and lead times were some of the most recognizable effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the manufacturing companies operating outside of Finland, often affecting directly to their operations and Tier 1 suppliers. The interview results reflected similar results, only the companies operating in Finland mostly experienced the pandemic’s effects through their suppliers’ suppliers’ problems, which were usually operating outside of Finland. Also, the companies that were located in countries that went into lockdowns had their own challenges as well. To counter the global supply chain disruptions, both the interview study and the literature review provided similar findings: the realization of the necessity of evolving the existing supply chain management from lean thinking to a more agile and resilient system became evident for those that hadn’t already done so. Differences in the ways of attempting to accomplish this were found, but the goal was still very similar for most of the companies

    AI-based design methodologies for hot form quench (HFQ®)

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    This thesis aims to develop advanced design methodologies that fully exploit the capabilities of the Hot Form Quench (HFQ®) stamping process in stamping complex geometric features in high-strength aluminium alloy structural components. While previous research has focused on material models for FE simulations, these simulations are not suitable for early-phase design due to their high computational cost and expertise requirements. This project has two main objectives: first, to develop design guidelines for the early-stage design phase; and second, to create a machine learning-based platform that can optimise 3D geometries under hot stamping constraints, for both early and late-stage design. With these methodologies, the aim is to facilitate the incorporation of HFQ capabilities into component geometry design, enabling the full realisation of its benefits. To achieve the objectives of this project, two main efforts were undertaken. Firstly, the analysis of aluminium alloys for stamping deep corners was simplified by identifying the effects of corner geometry and material characteristics on post-form thinning distribution. New equation sets were proposed to model trends and design maps were created to guide component design at early stages. Secondly, a platform was developed to optimise 3D geometries for stamping, using deep learning technologies to incorporate manufacturing capabilities. This platform combined two neural networks: a geometry generator based on Signed Distance Functions (SDFs), and an image-based manufacturability surrogate model. The platform used gradient-based techniques to update the inputs to the geometry generator based on the surrogate model's manufacturability information. The effectiveness of the platform was demonstrated on two geometry classes, Corners and Bulkheads, with five case studies conducted to optimise under post-stamped thinning constraints. Results showed that the platform allowed for free morphing of complex geometries, leading to significant improvements in component quality. The research outcomes represent a significant contribution to the field of technologically advanced manufacturing methods and offer promising avenues for future research. The developed methodologies provide practical solutions for designers to identify optimal component geometries, ensuring manufacturing feasibility and reducing design development time and costs. The potential applications of these methodologies extend to real-world industrial settings and can significantly contribute to the continued advancement of the manufacturing sector.Open Acces
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