Сравнение и отбор ситуаций в системах вывода решений на прецедентах для «умной» фермы

The trend of development of smart farms is aimed at their becoming fully autonomous, robotic enterprises. The prospects for the intellectualization of agricultural production and smart farms, in particular, today are associated with the development of technology systems used to detect, recognize complex production situations and search for effective solutions in these situations. The article presents the concept of such a decision support system on smart farms using the method of decision support based on case-based reasoning - CBR system. Its implementation requires a number of non-trivial tasks, which include, first of all, the tasks of formalizing the presentation of situations and creating methods for comparing and retrieving situations from the KB on this basis. In this study, a smart farm is presented as a complex technological object consisting of interrelated components, which are the technological subsystems of a smart farm, the products produced, the objects of the operational environment, as well as the relationships between them. To implement algorithms for situational decision-making based on precedents, a formalized representation of the situation in the form of a multivector is proposed. This allowed us to develop a number of models of the trained similarity function between situations. The conducted experiments have shown the operability of the proposed models, on the basis of which ensemble architecture of a neural network has been developed for comparing situations and selecting them from the knowledge base in decision-making processes. Of practical interest is monitoring the condition of plants by their video and photo images, which allows detecting undesirable plant conditions (diseases), which can serve as a signal to activate the process of searching for solutions in the knowledge base.Тенденция развития умных ферм направлена на их становление полностью автономными, роботизированными предприятиями. Перспективы интеллектуализации сельскохозяйственного производства и умных ферм, в частности, сегодня связываются с развитием технологий систем, применяемых для обнаружения, распознавания сложных производственных ситуаций и поиска эффективных решений в этих ситуациях. В статье рассмотрены вопросы создания ситуационных систем поддержки принятия решения на умных фермах с применением вывода решений на основе рассуждений по прецедентам (case-based reasoning). Для разработки таких систем требуется выполнение ряда нетривиальных задач, к которым относятся, прежде всего, задачи формализации представления ситуаций и построения на этой основе способов сравнения и отбора ситуаций в базах знаний. В данном исследовании умная ферма представлена как сложный технологический объект, состоящий из взаимосвязанных компонентов, которыми являются технологические подсистемы умной фермы, производимая продукция, объекты операционного окружения, а также отношения между ними. Для реализации алгоритмов ситуационного вывода решений на основе прецедентов предложено формализованное представление ситуации в виде мультивектора, который содержит информацию о состояниях этих компонентов. Это позволило разработать ряд моделей обучаемой функции схожести между ситуациями. Проведенные эксперименты показали работоспособность предложенных моделей, на основе чего разработана ансамблевая архитектура нейросети для сравнения ситуаций и их отбора из базы знаний в процессах вывода решений. Практический интерес представляет мониторинг состояния растений по их видео-, фото- изображениям, что позволяет обнаруживать нежелательные состояния растений (болезни), которые могут служить сигналом для активизации процесса поиска решений в базе знаний

Case-Based Decision Support for Disaster Management

Disasters are characterized by severe disruptions of the society’s functionality and adverse impacts on humans, the environment, and economy that cannot be coped with by society using its own resources. This work presents a decision support method that identifies appropriate measures for protecting the public in the course of a nuclear accident. The method particularly considers the issue of uncertainty in decision-making as well as the structured integration of experience and expert knowledge

The design and development of a knowledge-based lean six sigma maintenance system for sustainable buildings. The design and development of a hybrid Knowledge-based (KB)/Gauging Absence of Pre-requisites (GAP)/Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) model for implementing lean six sigma maintenance system in sustainable buildings' environment

The complexity of sustainable building maintenance environment requires managers to define and implement appropriate quality benchmark system suitable for this function. Lean Six Sigma (LSS) is one of the most effective process improvement and optimization philosophy that maintenance organisations can implement in their environment. However, literature review has shown that 90% of failures in LSS implementations are due to lack of readiness to change, the unawareness of the required benchmark organisation capabilities, and improper control of priorities. The contribution of the current research approach is in developing a hybrid Knowledge-Based (KB)/GAP/AHP System, consisting of three stages (Planning, Designing and Implementation) and containing over 2500 KB rules. The KB System can assist the decision-makers in identifying the obstacles behind the organisation readiness to change into a benchmark LSS maintenance environment. Thus the KB System will be used to achieve benchmark standards by determining the gap existing between the current environment and the benchmark goal, and then suggest a detailed plan to overcome these hurdles in a prioritised and structured manner, thus achieving cost benefits. To ensure its consistency and reliability, the KB System was validated in three Oman-based maintenance organisations, and one published case study for a UK-based organisation. The results from the validation were positive with the System output suggesting list of top priorities and action plans for achieving benchmark LSS standards for these organisations. The research concludes that the developed KB System is a consistent and reliable methodology for assisting decision-makers in designing, planning, and implementing LSS for benchmark sustainable building maintenance