2,547 research outputs found
Towards hybrid driver state monitoring : review, future perspectives and the role of consumer electronics
The purpose of this paper is to bring together multiple literature sources which present innovative methodologies for the assessment of driver state, driving context and performance by means of technology within a vehicle and consumer electronic devices. It also provides an overview of ongoing research and trends in the area of driver state monitoring. As part of this review a model of a hybrid driver state monitoring system is proposed. The model incorporates technology within a vehicle and multiple broughtin devices for enhanced validity and reliability of recorded data. Additionally, the model draws upon requirement of data fusion in order to generate unified driver state indicator(-s) that could be used to modify in-vehicle information and safety systems hence, make them driver state adaptable. Such modification could help to reach optimal driving performance in a particular driving situation. To conclude, we discuss the advantages of integrating hybrid driver state monitoring system into a vehicle and suggest future areas of research
Effective Lifeguard Scanning: A Review
The purpose of this scientific review was to address the question of what evidence-based visual surveillance/scanning skills exist in the peer-reviewed scholarly literature. It is well known that lifeguards spend a majority of their on-duty time surveying bathers and swimmers in the water. Lifeguards need to quickly distinguish among swimmers in distress and drowning persons from other bathers in order to rapidly come to their aid to prevent drowning. To be able to accomplish this task, Signal Detection Theory reveals that lifeguards need specific and extensive training in identifying the behavioral patterns associated with drowning persons and swimmers in distress. A typical drowning is not what has been popularized in the press and movies that shows a person calling for help and waving his or her arms about. Instead, drowning victims usually demonstrate the instinctive drowning response in which they are in a vertical position in the water, unable to call out because the mouth is underwater and arm and leg movements are ineffective in keeping them near the water’s surface. The literature revealed that expert lifeguard observation, scanning, and surveillance skills need to be acquired through planned systematic practice to identify the presence of the instinctive drowning response among bathers
Proceedings of the 2nd IUI Workshop on Interacting with Smart Objects
These are the Proceedings of the 2nd IUI Workshop on Interacting with Smart Objects. Objects that we use in our everyday life are expanding their restricted interaction capabilities and provide functionalities that go far beyond their original functionality. They feature computing capabilities and are thus able to capture information, process and store it and interact with their environments, turning them into smart objects
Survey of Human Models for Verification of Human-Machine Systems
We survey the landscape of human operator modeling ranging from the early
cognitive models developed in artificial intelligence to more recent formal
task models developed for model-checking of human machine interactions. We
review human performance modeling and human factors studies in the context of
aviation, and models of how the pilot interacts with automation in the cockpit.
The purpose of the survey is to assess the applicability of available
state-of-the-art models of the human operators for the design, verification and
validation of future safety-critical aviation systems that exhibit higher-level
of autonomy, but still require human operators in the loop. These systems
include the single-pilot aircraft and NextGen air traffic management. We
discuss the gaps in existing models and propose future research to address
them
Aerospace Medicine and Biology: A continuing bibliography with indexes, supplement 192
This bibliography lists 247 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system in March 1979
Driver attention analysis and drowsiness detection using mobile devices
Drowsiness and lack of attention are some of the most fatal and underrated accident causes while driving. In this thesis a non intrusive classifier based on features from drivers' facial movements has been developed, focusing on detection strategies that could be deployed on low-complexity devices, like smartphones. Different classification architectures will be proposed and studied in order to understand which implementation performed the best in terms of detection accuracy.openEmbargo temporaneo per motivi di segretezza e/o di proprietà dei risultati e informazioni di enti esterni o aziende private che hanno partecipato alla realizzazione del lavoro di ricerca relativo alla tes
A Review of Driver Gaze Estimation and Application in Gaze Behavior Understanding
Driver gaze plays an important role in different gaze-based applications such
as driver attentiveness detection, visual distraction detection, gaze behavior
understanding, and building driver assistance system. The main objective of
this study is to perform a comprehensive summary of driver gaze fundamentals,
methods to estimate driver gaze, and it's applications in real world driving
scenarios. We first discuss the fundamentals related to driver gaze, involving
head-mounted and remote setup based gaze estimation and the terminologies used
for each of these data collection methods. Next, we list out the existing
benchmark driver gaze datasets, highlighting the collection methodology and the
equipment used for such data collection. This is followed by a discussion of
the algorithms used for driver gaze estimation, which primarily involves
traditional machine learning and deep learning based techniques. The estimated
driver gaze is then used for understanding gaze behavior while maneuvering
through intersections, on-ramps, off-ramps, lane changing, and determining the
effect of roadside advertising structures. Finally, we have discussed the
limitations in the existing literature, challenges, and the future scope in
driver gaze estimation and gaze-based applications
A Review and Analysis of Eye-Gaze Estimation Systems, Algorithms and Performance Evaluation Methods in Consumer Platforms
In this paper a review is presented of the research on eye gaze estimation
techniques and applications, that has progressed in diverse ways over the past
two decades. Several generic eye gaze use-cases are identified: desktop, TV,
head-mounted, automotive and handheld devices. Analysis of the literature leads
to the identification of several platform specific factors that influence gaze
tracking accuracy. A key outcome from this review is the realization of a need
to develop standardized methodologies for performance evaluation of gaze
tracking systems and achieve consistency in their specification and comparative
evaluation. To address this need, the concept of a methodological framework for
practical evaluation of different gaze tracking systems is proposed.Comment: 25 pages, 13 figures, Accepted for publication in IEEE Access in July
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Aerospace medicine and biology: A continuing bibliography with indexes, supplement 128, May 1974
This special bibliography lists 282 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system in April 1974
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