RISIKO GANGGUAN PENDENGARAN PADA NEONATUS HIPERBILIRUBINEMIA

ABSTRACT Background. The prevalence of hearing impairment on the Indonesian population according to 2007 WHO data is estimated at 4.2 %, and one of the cause is neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Early detection of hearing impairment and optimal intervention on the first 6 months can prevent speech and language impairment, lack of academic achievement, disturbance of personal social relationship and emotional in the children. Method. A Cohort research was conducted in 36 neonates in Dr Kariadi Hospital in March 2009-March 2010, 18 in the case group with indirect bilirubin > 12 mg/dl and 18 neonates as control group with indirect bilirubin < 12 mg/dl, both taken with consecutive sampling method. We recorded clinical, laboratory, and tymphanometry data, OAE and BERA results at first and after three months. Statistical analysis were done using Chi-square analysis, Mc Nemar analysis, and T-test. Results. Hearing impairment on the first BERA examination was 9 cases (25%) and 3 cases (8.3%) on the second BERA examination, however it did not differed significantly (p>0,05). On the first BERA examination, the mean indirect bilirubin concentration with hearing impairment of 14,18+6,289 mg/dl was not significantly different (p>0,05) from neonate without hearing impairment of 11,29+2,995 mg/dl. The Relative Risk (RR) was 2 (p>0,05; 95% CI 0,6-6,8), but statistically it was not significant. Conclusion. The incidence of hearing impairment on neonatal with hyperbilirubinemia is 25%. Indirect bilirubin of > 12 mg/dL is not proved to be the risk factor of hearing impairment in neonatal with hyperbilirubinemia. Keywords:BERA, hearing impairment, neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, OAE

Serum levels of retinol and other antioxidants for hearing impairment among Japanese older adults.

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to assess the relation between serum levels of retinol and other antioxidants and hearing impairment in Japanese older adults. METHODS: This is a community-based cross-sectional study comprising 762 residents aged 65 years or older in Kurabuchi, Gumma, Japan. We measured serum retinol and other antioxidants (alpha- and gamma-tocopherols, and carotenoids including beta-cryptoxanthin, alpha- and beta-carotenes, lycopene, and lutein plus zeaxanthin) by high-performance liquid chromatography and divided each measurement into quartiles. Hearing impairment was defined as a failure to hear a 30-dB hearing level (HL) signal at 1 kHz and a 40-dB HL signal at 4 kHz in the better ear in pure-tone audiometric tests. The odds ratios (OR) for hearing impairment were calculated for each of the upper three quartiles of retinol and other antioxidant levels relative to the lowest quartile. RESULTS: Crude analysis showed that serum levels of retinol and provitamin A carotenoids (beta-cryptoxanthin, and alpha- and beta-carotenes) were inversely related to the prevalence of hearing impairment. The multiadjusted ORs (95% confidence intervals) for the highest quartile of retinol and the provitamin A family (combinations of provitamin A carotenoids) compared with the lowest were 0.51 (0.26-1.00) and 0.53 (0.27-1.02), respectively. A dose-response relationship was observed for retinol (p = .03) and provitamin A (p = .09). CONCLUSION: Increased serum levels of retinol and provitamin A carotenoids were clearly associated with a decreased prevalence of hearing impairment

Hearing impairment in Stickler syndrome: a systematic review

BACKGROUND: Stickler syndrome is a connective tissue disorder characterized by ocular, skeletal, orofacial and auditory defects. It is caused by mutations in different collagen genes, namely COL2A1, COL11A1 and COL11A2 (autosomal dominant inheritance), and COL9A1 and COL9A2 (autosomal recessive inheritance). The auditory phenotype in Stickler syndrome is inconsistently reported. Therefore we performed a systematic review of the literature to give an up-to-date overview of hearing loss in Stickler syndrome, and correlated it with the genotype. METHODS: English-language literature was reviewed through searches of PubMed and Web of Science, in order to find relevant articles describing auditory features in Stickler patients, along with genotype. Prevalences of hearing loss are calculated and correlated with the different affected genes and type of mutation. RESULTS: 313 patients (102 families) individually described in 46 articles were included. Hearing loss was found in 62.9%, mostly mild to moderate when reported. Hearing impairment was predominantly sensorineural (67.8%). Conductive (14.1%) and mixed (18.1%) hearing loss was primarily found in young patients or patients with a palatal defect. Overall, mutations in COL11A1 (82.5%) and COL11A2 (94.1%) seem to be more frequently associated with hearing impairment than mutations in COL2A1 (52.2%). CONCLUSIONS: Hearing impairment in patients with Stickler syndrome is common. Sensorineural hearing loss predominates, but also conductive hearing loss, especially in children and patients with a palatal defect, may occur. The distinct disease-causing collagen genes are associated with a different prevalence of hearing impairment, but still large phenotypic variation exists. Regular auditory follow-up is strongly advised, particularly because many Stickler patients are visually impaired

"It's Huge, in a Way." Conflicting Stakeholder Priorities for Managing Hearing Impairment for People Living with Dementia in Residential Aged Care Facilities

Objectives: The aims of this study were to a) explore the impact of hearing impairment on people living with dementia in residential aged care facilities (RACFs) and b) investigate management of hearing impairment for this population. / Methods: A descriptive qualitative approach, consisting of semi-structured interviews, was conducted with 23 participants across four stakeholder groups (audiologists, care staff, family members and individuals with dementia and hearing impairment living in RACFs). / Results: Thematic analysis revealed an overarching theme of “different priorities for managing hearing impairment” that emerged from the data. Audiologists and care staff prioritized different practices for managing hearing impairment: audiologists emphasized hearing aids and care staff emphasized communication strategies. Care staff also identified that current management of hearing impairment was sub-optimal as they do not prioritize managing it. / Conclusions: Residents with dementia and hearing impairment living in RACFs are not receiving optimal hearing management. Further research is required to understand the factors that influence this

Traffic Safety Stickers for the Children with Hearing Impairment

Children with hearing impairment have the same rights and obligations when in a traffic area. Drivers with hearing impairment must wear identification when in the traffic area. In fact, there are no drivers with hearing impairment who use special identification cards. The purpose of this development is to produce driving safety stickers in traffic for students with hearing impairments and to assist the government in socializing about traffic regulations, especially identification for drivers with hearing impairment. This study uses a research and development (R&D) development model that adapts the steps of the Borg & Gall development model. The results of the development show the level of validity of driving safety stickers for the drivers with hearing impairment are included into very well or suitable to be used. In conclusion, hearing impairment drivers need special identification cards when driving on the highway

Gender difference in the relationships between vision and hearing impairments and negative well-being.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the association of hearing impairment, vision impairment and their combination (dual sensory impairment) with negative well-being such as depression, subjective poor health and the reduced functional ability in community-dwelling older adults, and to determine whether any association varies by gender. METHODS: Between 2005 and 2006, we objectively examined vision and hearing impairment (using best-corrected visual acuity and pure-tone audiometric test) in 843 people aged 65 years and older (351 males, 492 females) in a rural Japanese town. Through a home visit interview survey using a structured questionnaire, we also collected information on depression (the five-item Geriatric Depression Scale), subjective poor health, and reduced functional activity (the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology's Index of Competence). RESULTS: We observed gender differences in the association between sensory impairment and depression. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that hearing impairment in males (adjusted odds ratio: 2.22, 95% confidence interval; 1.07-4.61) and vision impairment in females (1.91, 1.14-3.21) were related to depression. Vision impairment and dual sensory impairment were also associated with subjective poor health and reduced functional activity in both sexes. CONCLUSIONS: Sensory impairment is significantly associated with negative well-being in older persons, and its association with depression may differ between males and females

Health-Seeking Behavior Among Older Adults with Hearing Impairment

Hearing impairment is one of the most common issues that older adults’ experience. About 2% of adults aged 45 to 54 have disabling hearing impairment, and the rate increases to 8.5% for 55 to 64 years old. The incidence of hearing impairment tripled for those 65 to 74 years of age and is approximately 50% for those 75 and older (NIDCD). Despite the fact that hearing impairment affects the lives of older adults, there is often a lengthy delay between the time individuals’ first notice that they are having hearing difficulties and when they seek help from a hearing professional. The purpose of the study was to examine the factors that are thought to influence the health-seeking intentions and health-seeking behavior of older adults with hearing impairment. A prospective correlational design was used. Older adults were recruited in churches and senior centers located in Cobb County, Georgia and screened for hearing impairment by Shoebox Audiometry or the Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly-Screening version with initial data collection and then followed up via telephone after eight weeks. There were 114 participants who enrolled and 103 completed the study. Instruments measured the knowledge and attitudes, stigma, self-efficacy, intention to seek professional help, and health-seeking behavior about hearing impairment. Knowledge about hearing loss (p= .003), social engagement in activities, and health-seeking intention (p=\u3c.001) were the predictors of seeking professional help among this sample of older adults with hearing impairment. Social engagement was associated with negative coping strategies, denial of hearing loss, hearing loss stigma, and self-efficacy in seeking help about hearing impairment. Stigma about hearing loss was negatively correlated with self-efficacy in seeking help about hearing impairment. Social engagement in activities was associated with health-seeking behavior of older adults with hearing impairment (X(1) = 25.44, p= \u3c.05) The older adults’ reasons for not seeking professional help about hearing impairment were mostly related to negative attitudes towards hearing help-seeking. Understanding the various factors related to why such a large proportion of hearing impaired older adults do not seek professional help or consultation is needed so that appropriate screening and assessment programs can be culturally tailored or modified accordingly to the needs of this vulnerable population

An acoustic comparison of formant frequencies in individuals with normal hearing, profound and severe hearing impairment

The purpose of the present research was to found out the differences in vowel formant production in 156 speakers, exactly between 46 individuals with normal hearing, 36 with severe (M=78.43, SD=16.07) and 74 with profound hearing impairment (M = 108.10, SD = 7.69). The F2 values in anterior vowel production are lower and F2 formant values are higher in the hearing impaired groups, according to the degree of hearing impairment, compared with the values of normal hearing individuals. The range of F1 from high to low vowels is smaller in the hearing impaired groups, according to the degree of hearing impairment, compared with the values of normal hearing individuals. The formant space in The F2-F1 diagram is the smallest in individuals with profound hearing impairment, and the greatest in normal hearing individuals. The formants that are influenced by the degrees of jaw opening (F1) and that are low frequency first formants ([i], [e], [O], [o], [u]) between severe hearing impairment group and normal hearing group don’t statistically significantly differ at sig. 0.05. Profound hearing impairment group statistically significantly differ from the severe hearing impairment group and from the normal hearing group. The same pattern is present in the low frequency second formants of vowels [E], [A], [O], [o], [u]. In the high frequency second formant production ([i], [e]) all the groups are statistically significantly different. Statistically significant similarity between normal hearing group and profound hearing group is observed and a statistically significantly difference between the two groups of hearing impairment in the first formant production of the vowel [E]. We can conclude that according to the cited researches the formant range, especially of F2, is reduced and the vocal formant space restricted most in the profound hearing impaired individuals. The purpose of the present research was to found out the differences in vowel formant production in 156 speakers, exactly between 46 individuals with normal hearing, 36 with severe (M=78.43, SD=16.07) and 74 with profound hearing impairment (M = 108.10, SD = 7.69). The F2 values in anterior vowel production are lower and F2 formant values are higher in the hearing impaired groups, according to the degree of hearing impairment, compared with the values of normal hearing individuals. The range of F1 from high to low vowels is smaller in the hearing impaired groups, according to the degree of hearing impairment, compared with the values of normal hearing individuals. The formant space in The F2-F1 diagram is the smallest in individuals with profound hearing impairment, and the greatest in normal hearing individuals. The formants that are influenced by the degrees of jaw opening (F1) and that are low frequency first formants ([i], [e], [O], [o], [u]) between severe hearing impairment group and normal hearing group don’t statistically significantly differ at sig. 0.05. Profound hearing impairment group statistically significantly differ from the severe hearing impairment group and from the normal hearing group. The same pattern is present in the low frequency second formants of vowels [E], [A], [O], [o], [u]. In the high frequency second formant production ([i], [e]) all the groups are statistically significantly different. Statistically significant similarity between normal hearing group and profound hearing group is observed and a statistically significantly difference between the two groups of hearing impairment in the first formant production of the vowel [E]. We can conclude that according to the cited researches the formant range, especially of F2, is reduced and the vocal formant space restricted most in the profound hearing impaired individuals.

HIV/AIDS among Adolescents with Hearing Impairment in Nigeria: Issues, Challenges and Strategies for Prevention in Achieving Millennium Development Goals

HIV/AIDS epidemic is the most serious threat to health globally, with developing countries accounting for 95% of new cases. The impact of HIV/AIDS on health, especially the rate at which the disease might be spreading among adolescents with hearing impairment in Nigeria, is globally a serious concern, particularly in relation to Millennium  Development Goals. This paper, therefore, highlighted some issues that make the prevention of HIV/AIDS to be elusive; such as prejudice against individuals with hearing impairment, lack of adequate data, exclusion from programmes that talk about sexuality, cultural beliefs, poor knowledge and attitude of adolescents with hearing impairment to some risk factors. It also discussed some challenges of having HIV/AIDS-free adolescents with hearing impairment, which include low literacy level, cycle of poverty among people with hearing impairment, cultural issues and beliefs, and lack of adequate health care facilities. To stem the tide of the spread of HIV/AIDS among adolescents with hearing impairment in Nigeria, this paper  suggested some strategies, such as participatory approaches, deaf-friendlyHIV/AIDS testing, counselling, care and treatment services, and full inclusion into programmes involving health and life-threatening issues. With these, it is believed that the challenges of HIV/AIDS among  adolescents with hearing impairment will be mitigated.Key words: HIV/AIDS, Adolescents, Hearing impairment, Millennium development goal

Autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing impairment in two Finnish families due to the population enriched CABP2 c.637+1G > T variant

Background: The genetic architecture of hearing impairment in Finland is largely unknown. Here, we investigated two Finnish families with autosomal recessive nonsyndromic symmetrical moderate-to-severe hearing impairment. Methods: Exome and custom capture next-generation sequencing were used to detect the underlying cause of hearing impairment. Results: In both Finnish families, we identified a homozygous pathogenic splice site variant c.637+1G>T in CAPB2 that is known to cause autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing impairment. Four CABP2 variants have been reported to underlie autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing impairment in eight families from Iran, Turkey, Pakistan, Italy, and Denmark. Of these variants, the pathogenic splice site variant c.637+1G>T is the most prevalent. The c.637+1G>T variant is enriched in the Finnish population, which has undergone multiple bottlenecks that can lead to the higher frequency of certain variants including those involved in disease. Conclusion: We report two Finnish families with hearing impairment due to the CABP2 splice site variant c.637+1G>T.Peer reviewe