Was Ida Lewis a Womanly, or a Manly, Woman? The Ambivalence of a Woman Lighthouse Keeper’s Gender Identity Between Masculinity and Femininity

It is obvious that Darling could be mentioned as a most brave woman in doing the heavy labor involved in a lighthouse keeping and even saving shipwrecked people, but it is more particularly worth noting that Ida Lewis’s efforts saved the lives of at least eighteen people over a period of twenty-five years. This paper focuses on Ida Lewis, the most famous woman lighthouse keeper in the United States, and analyzes the gender identity of women lighthouse keepers. most studies that discuss women lighthouse keepers point out that, behind women’s being appointed as official lighthouse keepers in the nineteenth-century United States, the labor of lighthouse keepers could essentially share common features with the form of femininity that was emphasized in the Victorian era. However, when analyzing from the viewpoint of gender ideology, I cannot help raising questions regarding women lighthouse keepers as examples of mere femininity simply because the labor forms were analogous with household labor. When the labors of lighthouse keeping would be actually recognized as a manly role, can we make a judgement that women lighthouse keepers all endowed feminine traits even when performing the heavy tasks of lighthouse keeping? Moreover, lifesaving, being separable from lighthouse keeping, has been traditionally considered to be “masculine behavior.” The aim of this paper is to point out that “femininity” and “masculinity” have been artificially generated, and, as such, are entirely unrelated to an individual’s characteristics and abilities. In that light, to deconstruct ideologies of “femininity” and “masculinity,” I have chosen to focus on women who have committed to continuing to perform their duties by analyzing the life of Ida Lewis as the most famous woman lighthouse keeper. This has been accomplished by referring to the United States Department of the Interior National Park Service: National Register of Historic Places Inventory for 1897 and some articles about Ida Lewis from 1869 to 1911 as primary sources. Ida Lewis applies simultaneously as among those women who, under the patriarchy, should be confined to the “women’s sphere.” Furthermore, according to social gender ideology, the life of Ms. Lewis does not necessarily correspond to an individual’s abilities and character, as she was able to display the same ability as a man and perform “men’s work” in the women’s sphere

An ethnographic case study of young children’s experiences of technology use at home and school

This is an exploratory case study describing the context and content of young children’s technology activities. The study approach is based on ethnographic techniques so as to explore children’s learning experiences of technology use at home and school. It combines research perspectives from the fields of early years learning and the use of technology at home and in the classroom. The study draws on Dewey’s theory of growth and the continuity of experience as an analytical framework, also incorporating literature from early childhood learning theories and research about children’s technology use. The study shows that technology use is a constructive and integrated part of family interactions at home, while at school the teachers use technology mostly for curriculum continuity. The data was based on 62 hours of observations, of two children from one family in the home setting and their respective classrooms. It indicates that both of the teachers focused on the achievement of specific curriculum targets and mostly provided task-oriented activities and interaction. As a result their vision of children’s technology use and learning at school seemed to be fragmented. They missed the totality of children’s learning experiences with technology and the potential to build on their learning through understanding the continuity of their learning experiences. At home the parents appeared to have broader goals and values for their children’s learning. Children along with their parents used technology in relation to other experiences in order to cover broader needs of development and learning. This provided a continuity of experiences in the home setting where the intentions or goals of the experience were either set by the child or shared between the child and other family members

History in primary schools

Paper given at History in British Education (first conference

A Pageant of Great Women

A Pageant of Great Women by Cicely Hamilton, a women's suffrage play first performed in 1909, was produced by Dr Anna Birch for the University of Hull on 7 May 2011 as part of Professor Katharine Cockin's Pageants and Pioneers project. The performance was archived on a DVD ISBN 978-0-9568008-1-7 and has been made available, under license from the University of Hull, copyright holder of the film, at https://vimeo.com/99813842. The brochure for the performance, which was part of an evening on the Pageants and Pioneers project, is attached to this record

For Those in Peril on the Sea : The motivations of nineteenth century European artists to create shipwreck paintings

This thesis will be an examination of the motivations of nineteenth century European artists to create paintings portraying shipwrecks. I have identified four main motivations, Nature over Man, Man over Nature, Political Position, and Personal Upheaval, and will analyze various works in order to view how each motivation relates to the other. Each work analyzed falls into one or more of these categories and by studying them side by side I hope to gain a better understanding of these works unique place in art history. Additionally I will be taking a look at how depictions of shipwrecks were politicized by the public after their completion even if the artist likely had no intention of their work being political, as well as examining a work that very nearly falls into all four motivational categories simultaneously. In the end, I aim to show that works in this unique subcategory of art hold just as much meaning and importance as those in other, more studied artistic categories

Woman\u27s Work: Female Lighthouse Keepers in the Early Republic, 1820–1859

During the Early Republic between 1820 and 1859, women, on average, comprised about five percent of the principal lighthouse keepers in the United States. These women represent a unique exception to the experience of the majority of working women during the Early Republic. They received equal pay to men, and some supervised lower-paid male assistants. They filled these predominately male positions because lighthouse work had much in common with stereotypical woman\u27s work, they were most often related to the previous keeper, and they fit within cultural ideals of gender roles. Inquiry beyond the romantic image crafted for these light keepers reveals real woman struggling to survive in a turbulent period of American history. The history of female lighthouse keepers from 1820 to 1859 thus broadens our understanding of American women\u27s occupational history as well as the interplay of cultural constraints on women\u27s employment

Spartan Daily, November 5, 1935

Volume 24, Issue 29https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/spartandaily/2357/thumbnail.jp