Digital image scrambling using 2D cellular automata

Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works. A. L. A. Dalhoum et al., "Digital Image Scrambling Using 2D Cellular Automata", IEEE MultiMedia, vol. 19, no. 4 pp. 28 – 36, oct-dec. 2012A digital image scrambling method based on a 2D cellular automaton, specifically the well-known Game of Life, produces an effective image encryption technique.This work has been partially sponsored by the Spanish MICINN project TIN2011-28260-C03-0

Blind audio watermarking technique based on two dimensional cellular automata

In this paper we propose a new method of digital audio watermarking based on two dimensional cellular automata; the method increases the dimension of the audio and uses cellular automata in generating the key of watermark embedding. The watermarking method is blind, and does not require the original host audio or any of its features to extract the watermark; the watermark can be easily extracted using the right key. The experimental results show that the watermarks are imperceptible; and show a high similarity between the original and the watermarked audio. Cosine similarity and peak signal-to-noise ratio were used to measure the similarity between the original audio and the watermarked audio

Visual adaptation alters the apparent speed of real-world actions

The apparent physical speed of an object in the field of view remains constant despite variations in retinal velocity due to viewing conditions (velocity constancy). For example, people and cars appear to move across the field of view at the same objective speed regardless of distance. In this study a series of experiments investigated the visual processes underpinning judgements of objective speed using an adaptation paradigm and video recordings of natural human locomotion. Viewing a video played in slow-motion for 30seconds caused participants to perceive subsequently viewed clips played at standard speed as too fast, so playback had to be slowed down in order for it to appear natural; conversely after viewing fast-forward videos for 30seconds, playback had to be speeded up in order to appear natural. The perceived speed of locomotion shifted towards the speed depicted in the adapting video (‘re-normalisation’). Results were qualitatively different from those obtained in previously reported studies of retinal velocity adaptation. Adapting videos that were scrambled to remove recognizable human figures or coherent motion caused significant, though smaller shifts in apparent locomotion speed, indicating that both low-level and high-level visual properties of the adapting stimulus contributed to the changes in apparent speed

MODERN DIGITAL RIGHTS MANAGEMENT METHODS

Previous Digital Rights Management (DRM) schemes used by the music industry on physical media have been ineffective and have caused problems for consumers. As a result, the music industry transitioned to digital content by utilizing a successful internet-based DRM model. The music industry recently adopted DRM-free content, yet the game industry still struggles with problems protecting physical media. Media-based DRM models of the game industry are satisfactory at best, so internet-based DRM models are becoming increasingly popular. Current trends in the game industry suggest that future DRM methods will be internet-based, as DRM-free methods can be fiscally illogical for use in the game industry

That Tattoo on Her Shoulder: The Intersection of Copyright Law & Tattoos

Tattoos are a billion-dollar industry that grows as tattoos become globally acceptable. With that market growth comes an incentive for parlor owners and artists to determine what rights they own and assert it against tattooed individuals. Artists upcharge celebrities for tattoos because of the publicity of their work, an example of how the market is adapting to the growing visibility and publicity of tattoos. But there is a cost: most tattooed individuals are not aware of the legal rights others possess, and can assert, against the permanent ink on their own bodies. This is the first paper to discuss the tattoo clients, who could be the least protected when cases on infringing tattoo designs go to court. Further, it discusses the copyrightability of tattoos, the parties with an ownership interest in a tattoo, and how the interactions between artist, client, and parlor shape the analysis for the court

Exploring 360°-videos as Realistic Game-based Learning Environments for Work Placement Preparation

Serious games in immersive virtual reality (VR) environments promise enhanced experiences and engagement, supporting training and learning. While realistically replicating the visuals of real environments can be both difficult and time-consuming, there are many potential advantages from doing so. In real work placements, students enter facilities with variations in types of equipment, rules for navigation, and workflows, adding cognitive load to a usually stressful situation. Allowing them to train and learn in more realistic environments corresponding to their future work placements, with high-fidelity representations, can be time-saving, support core task focus, and help students become more isolated from distractions. This paper presents the VR game 360Phlebotomy, which combines virtual tasks with 360° images and -videos of real laboratories in immersive VR. The game is aimed at helping students become familiar with real workplaces while also learning their work tasks. Current scenarios are tailored to biomedical laboratory science (BLS) education, with a focus on the phlebotomy process, which also serves as the main case in this paper. New environments can be added through a modular scene creation system, with the goal of allowing students to prepare for different work placements. Insights are provided by presenting the design and development process for a prototype tested by five BLS teachers and six BLS students. The results contribute to an increased understanding of the role of context in training and learning and provide a foundation for future work.publishedVersio

State of the Field: Extreme Precision Radial Velocities

The Second Workshop on Extreme Precision Radial Velocities defined circa 2015 the state of the art Doppler precision and identified the critical path challenges for reaching 10 cm s^(−1) measurement precision. The presentations and discussion of key issues for instrumentation and data analysis and the workshop recommendations for achieving this bold precision are summarized here. Beginning with the High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planet Searcher spectrograph, technological advances for precision radial velocity (RV) measurements have focused on building extremely stable instruments. To reach still higher precision, future spectrometers will need to improve upon the state of the art, producing even higher fidelity spectra. This should be possible with improved environmental control, greater stability in the illumination of the spectrometer optics, better detectors, more precise wavelength calibration, and broader bandwidth spectra. Key data analysis challenges for the precision RV community include distinguishing center of mass (COM) Keplerian motion from photospheric velocities (time correlated noise) and the proper treatment of telluric contamination. Success here is coupled to the instrument design, but also requires the implementation of robust statistical and modeling techniques. COM velocities produce Doppler shifts that affect every line identically, while photospheric velocities produce line profile asymmetries with wavelength and temporal dependencies that are different from Keplerian signals. Exoplanets are an important subfield of astronomy and there has been an impressive rate of discovery over the past two decades. However, higher precision RV measurements are required to serve as a discovery technique for potentially habitable worlds, to confirm and characterize detections from transit missions, and to provide mass measurements for other space-based missions. The future of exoplanet science has very different trajectories depending on the precision that can ultimately be achieved with Doppler measurements

Spartan Daily, April 14, 1986

Volume 86, Issue 48https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/spartandaily/7437/thumbnail.jp

An investigation of identity formation in mountain based adventure tourism

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