Special Libraries, January 1983

Volume 74, Issue 1https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/sla_sl_1983/1000/thumbnail.jp

Marketing for Sustainable Tourism

The aim of the Special Issue is to discuss the main current topics concerning marketing for sustainable tourism with reference to territories (i.e., tourism destinations, protected areas, parks and/or natural sites, UNESCO World Heritage Sites, rural regions/areas, etc.) and tourism enterprises and/or organisations (i.e., destination management organisations, hospitality enterprises, restaurant enterprises, cableway companies, travel agencies, etc.). In destinations where natural resources are pull factors for tourism development, the relationships among local actors (public, private, and local community), as well as marketing choices, are essential to develop sustainable tourism products. To this end, the Special Issue encourages papers that analyse marketing strategies adopted by tourism destinations and/or tourism enterprises to avoid overtourism, to manage mass sustainable tourism (as defined by Weaver, 2000), and to encourage and promote sustainable tourism in marginal areas or in territories suffering lack of integration in the tourism offer. Special attention will be given to contributions on the best practices to manage territories and/or enterprises adopting sustainable marketing strategies

A systems approach to natural recreation resource management: A case study of Taiwan.

Owing to decades of accumulated economic achievement, the development of recreation resources has been a matter of urgency in Taiwan. Natural recreation resources mean different things for different people. A sound recreation management policy must take care of all requirements needed to operate the natural recreation resource protection, as well as effect their continued and profitable use. It is necessary to develop a theoretical and empirical, quantitative and humanistic framework for establishing a comprehensive recreation planning structure to maintain a balanced relationship between human needs and natural recreation resources. The main purpose of this study is to develop and evaluate resource management strategy for the recreation area in Taiwan. Part One of this study is devoted to the theoretical aspects of formulation methodology. To this end existing planning methods and optimisation techniques were examined. It concluded that a recommended method which includes a decision model by combining the planning technique of Landscape Ecology Planning Method with Multiple Objective Programming technique, in conjunction with recreation carrying capacity and cost-benefit analysis as planning concepts should be introduced for planning and managing the recreation area. In order to illustrate the use of the method, the planning and management of a recreation area in Taiwan was considered as a case study in Part Two of this study. A preliminary planning structure of the recreation area is formulated on the basis of Landscape Ecology Planning Method. Several land use alternatives were evaluated through the decision model to achieve satisfactory results within the given planning and managing environment of conflicting socio-economic and ecological objectives. It can help planner and manager to judge which management strategy could be approved for further study

Exchange rate misalignments in ASEAN-5 countries

The purpose of this paper is to estimate the exchange rate misalignments for Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand before the currency crisis. By employing the sticky-price monetary exchange rate model in the environment of vector error-correction, the results indicate that the Indonesia rupiah, Malaysian ringgit, Philippines peso and Singapore dollar were overvalued before the currency crisis while Thai baht was undervalued on the eve of the crisis. However, they suffered modest misalignment. Therefore, little evidence of exchange misalignment is found to exist in 1997:2. In particular, Indonesia rupiah, Malaysia ringgit, Philippines peso and Singapore dollar were only overvalued about 1 to 4 percent against US dollar while the Thai baht was only 2 percent undervalued against US dollar

Malaysian bilateral trade relations and economic growth

This paper examines the structure and trends of Malaysian bilateral exports and imports and then investigates whether these bilateral exports and imports have caused Malaysian economic growth. Although the structure of Malaysia’s trade has changed quite significantly over the last three decades, the direction of Malaysia’s trade remains generally the same. Broadly, ASEAN, the EU, East Asia, the US and Japan continue to be the Malaysia’s major trading partners. The Granger causality tests have shown that it is the bilateral imports that have caused economic growth in Malaysia rather than the bilateral exports

What\u27s past is prologue : our legacy - our future, 1990 National Interpreters Workshop

... the topics of the papers presented at the 1990 National Interpreters Workshop reflect a dynamic NAI membership. While firmly rooted to principles which have been developed in over a millennium, presenters show a healthy use of past knowledge as prologue to an active, vital present ...https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ebooks/1005/thumbnail.jp

On the run: perspectives on long distance running.

The aim of this study was to develop a deeper understanding of the experiences of long distance runners. An etlmographic research design was adopted to understand the nature of the social world of long distance runners through interviews and observations which were thematically analysed. The sample comprised twenty five international informants. The key theme emerging from the data was the strength of identification that participants had with the activity of long distance running. This theme was linked to the search for a running identity amongst participants, exploring how meaning was created through engagement with the long distance running social world. In doing so, the study also explored the enduring benefits of the activity and the high levels of effort, perseverance and commitment displayed. A number of other themes emerged that were seen as consequences of this sense of identification. These included the central role of training and preparing to run, and how this contributed towards participants sense of running identity. This theme included feelings of pain and suffering, confronting problems of injury, and the role of time and space within the participants training regimes. The extraordinary and authentic experiences at long distance running events was a dominant theme incorporating the conflicting emotions of failure and glory, and the importance of travel within the long distance running social world. Feelings of escape and an exploration of the role long distance running fulfilled as a 'third place" outside of the home and work environment were explored, incorporating ideas linked to social relations within the distance running social world. Similarly, the desire to embrace a healthy lifestyle was a central concept, exploring themes linked to seeking self esteem through participation, negative aspects associated with exercise addiction, and the role of the 'running body'. This study provided a series of linked themes exploring the culture of long distance running, and in doing so developed a deeper. understanding of the participants running experiences, contributing towards the body of knowledge on the unique social world of the long distance runne

(In)formal perceptions and arguments on tourism governance multifaceted concept

A brief exploratory approach to (in)formal perceptions and arguments on tourism governance multifaceted concep

Dark tourism and other death: mediating relationships in contemporary society - a transactional analysis

This thesis presents a transdisciplinary response to ongoing academic discourse around dark tourism and indicated research directions toward (a) touristic experience and agency and (b) psychologised contexts. The thesis challenges extant binary paradigms of tourism through an analysis of existing conceptualisations and subsequent application of alternative holistic approaches within its research methodologies. Hence, it contributes to developing lines of enquiry regarding affective touristic experience, agency, relationships, roles and narratives. Within the study, themes and attributes of dark tourism are correlated with key psychological and psychoanalytical concepts including archetype, drive and ritual to support and inform a conceptual framework based on the principles of Transactional Analysis (TA), particularly the concepts of ego states and crossed/complementary transactions, representing a new line of enquiry within the discourse of dark tourism. The application of specific precepts of TA supports a new approach to understanding touristic experience through the identification and analysis of behavioural, verbal and textual transactions (actual and virtual) and the Parent/Adult/Child ego states at play within them. The study models this approach in analyses of transactions observed and/or expressed at the case study site, Auschwitz-Birkenau Memorial and Museum, and in online TripAdvisor reviews, and describes the relevance of these findings to understanding contemporary visitor experience at dark tourism sites. Responding to perceptions that visitor experience and new media are underrepresented within the extant literature, the research rationale validates a methodology in which ‘real-world’ observations frame the vocabulary and focus of netnographic research into online communities and their expressions of and influence upon tourist experience. In addition to onsite fieldwork, the thesis describes and draws upon rich sources within a contemporary media environment and community. The empirical research methodologies are dynamic and mixed, reflecting the challenges to existing research attitudes arising from the literary review and mirroring concepts of mobility and pluralism in sociological discourse. The research findings reveal complex visitor responses to the case study site and to their own role within it, speaking to issues of touristic agency. Notably, responses make clear distinctions between the site’s subject matter and management and the different emotional reactions these aspects invoke. Thus, negative criticism detaches from the archetypal/historical and attaches to the institutional aspect of the site, preserving the sacred status of the former and emphasising the secularity of the latter. Transactional Analysis precepts of Parent/Adult/Child (PAC) models, applied to questionnaire and online responses, describe these distinctions as a range of crossed or complementary transactions involving specific ego states and associated emotional and attitudinal qualities. The findings compare the plural, mobile ego states across the visitor experience with the institutional ego state’s singularity and immobility, reflected in its communications and environments. This disparity is expressed as a crossed transaction, frustrating participants and prohibiting ongoing dialogue and transactional development. Ultimately, this study appraises dark tourism scholarship to identify, within relevant multidisciplinary discourse, opportunities for its regeneration and re-alignment with contemporary conceptualisation of social behaviours. Utilising original research methodologies and unexpected conceptual devices, the study emphasises the relevance of online communities in understanding touristic experience and its expression. Theorising dark tourism as a continuum of psychologised transactions, this thesis suggests that further development of TA modelling of visitor experience may offer finessed and practical research models that address shortfalls within the existing literature and align its conceptualisation with contemporary social paradigms