Intelligent Circuits and Systems

ICICS-2020 is the third conference initiated by the School of Electronics and Electrical Engineering at Lovely Professional University that explored recent innovations of researchers working for the development of smart and green technologies in the fields of Energy, Electronics, Communications, Computers, and Control. ICICS provides innovators to identify new opportunities for the social and economic benefits of society.　 This conference bridges the gap between academics and R&D institutions, social visionaries, and experts from all strata of society to present their ongoing research activities and foster research relations between them. It provides opportunities for the exchange of new ideas, applications, and experiences in the field of smart technologies and finding global partners for future collaboration. The ICICS-2020 was conducted in two broad categories, Intelligent Circuits & Intelligent Systems and Emerging Technologies in Electrical Engineering

A deep learning model to assess and enhance eye fundus image quality

Engineering aims to design, build, and implement solutions that will increase and/or improve the life quality of human beings. Likewise, from medicine, solutions are generated for the same purposes, enabling these two knowledge areas to converge for a common goal. With the thesis work “A Deep Learning Model to Assess and Enhance Eye Fundus Image Quality", a model was proposed and implement a model that allows us to evaluate and enhance the quality of fundus images, which contributes to improving the efficiency and effectiveness of a subsequent diagnosis based on these images. On the one hand, for the evaluation of these images, a model based on a lightweight convolutional neural network architecture was developed, termed as Mobile Fundus Quality Network (MFQ-Net). This model has approximately 90% fewer parameters than those of the latest generation. For its evaluation, the Kaggle public data set was used with two sets of quality annotations, binary (good and bad) and three classes (good, usable and bad) obtaining an accuracy of 0.911 and 0.856 in the binary mode and three classes respectively in the classification of the fundus image quality. On the other hand, a method was developed for eye fundus quality enhancement termed as Pix2Pix Fundus Oculi Quality Enhancement (P2P-FOQE). This method is based on three stages which are; pre-enhancement: for color adjustment, enhancement: with a Pix2Pix network (which is a Conditional Generative Adversarial Network) as the core of the method and post-enhancement: which is a CLAHE adjustment for contrast and detail enhancement. This method was evaluated on a subset of quality annotations for the Kaggle public database which was re-classified for three categories (good, usable, and poor) by a specialist from the Fundación Oftalmolóica Nacional. With this method, the quality of these images for the good class was improved by 72.33%. Likewise, the image quality improved from the bad class to the usable class, and from the bad class to the good class by 56.21% and 29.49% respectively.La ingeniería busca diseñar, construir e implementar soluciones que permitan aumentar y/o mejorar la calidad de vida de los seres humanos. Igualmente, desde la medicina son generadas soluciones con los mismos fines, posibilitando que estas dos áreas del conocimiento convergan por un bien común. Con el trabajo de tesis “A Deep Learning Model to Assess and Enhance Eye Fundus Image Quality”, se propuso e implementó un modelo que permite evaluar y mejorar la calidad de las imágenes de fondo de ojo, lo cual contribuye a mejorar la eficiencia y eficacia de un posterior diagnóstico basado en estas imágenes. Para la evaluación de estás imágenes, se desarrolló un modelo basado en una arquitectura de red neuronal convolucional ligera, la cual fue llamada Mobile Fundus Quality Network (MFQ-Net). Este modelo posee aproximadamente 90% menos parámetros que aquellos de última generación. Para su evaluación se utilizó el conjunto de datos públicos de Kaggle con dos sets de anotaciones de calidad, binario (buena y mala) y tres clases (buena, usable y mala) obteniendo en la tareas de clasificación de la calidad de la imagen de fondo de ojo una exactitud de 0.911 y 0.856 en la modalidad binaria y tres clases respectivamente. Por otra parte, se desarrolló un método el cual realiza una mejora de la calidad de imágenes de fondo de ojo llamado Pix2Pix Fundus Oculi Quality Enhacement (P2P-FOQE). Este método está basado en tres etapas las cuales son; premejora: para ajuste de color, mejora: con una red Pix2Pix (la cual es una Conditional Generative Adversarial Network) como núcleo del método y postmejora: la cual es un ajuste CLAHE para contraste y realce de detalles. Este método fue evaluado en un subconjunto de anotaciones de calidad para la base de datos pública de Kaggle el cual fue re clasificado por un especialista de la Fundación Oftalmológica Nacional para tres categorías (buena, usable y mala). Con este método fue mejorada la calidad de estas imágenes para la clase buena en un 72,33%. Así mismo, la calidad de imagen mejoró de la clase mala a la clase utilizable, y de la clase mala a clase buena en 56.21% y 29.49% respectivamente.Línea de investigación: Visión por computadora para análisis de imágenes médicasMaestrí

AI Applications to Power Systems

Today, the flow of electricity is bidirectional, and not all electricity is centrally produced in large power plants. With the growing emergence of prosumers and microgrids, the amount of electricity produced by sources other than large, traditional power plants is ever-increasing. These alternative sources include photovoltaic (PV), wind turbine (WT), geothermal, and biomass renewable generation plants. Some renewable energy resources (solar PV and wind turbine generation) are highly dependent on natural processes and parameters (wind speed, wind direction, temperature, solar irradiation, humidity, etc.). Thus, the outputs are so stochastic in nature. New data-science-inspired real-time solutions are needed in order to co-develop digital twins of large intermittent renewable plants whose services can be globally delivered

CHORUS Deliverable 2.1: State of the Art on Multimedia Search Engines

Based on the information provided by European projects and national initiatives related to multimedia search as well as domains experts that participated in the CHORUS Think-thanks and workshops, this document reports on the state of the art related to multimedia content search from, a technical, and socio-economic perspective. The technical perspective includes an up to date view on content based indexing and retrieval technologies, multimedia search in the context of mobile devices and peer-to-peer networks, and an overview of current evaluation and benchmark inititiatives to measure the performance of multimedia search engines. From a socio-economic perspective we inventorize the impact and legal consequences of these technical advances and point out future directions of research

Rehabilitation Engineering

Population ageing has major consequences and implications in all areas of our daily life as well as other important aspects, such as economic growth, savings, investment and consumption, labour markets, pensions, property and care from one generation to another. Additionally, health and related care, family composition and life-style, housing and migration are also affected. Given the rapid increase in the aging of the population and the further increase that is expected in the coming years, an important problem that has to be faced is the corresponding increase in chronic illness, disabilities, and loss of functional independence endemic to the elderly (WHO 2008). For this reason, novel methods of rehabilitation and care management are urgently needed. This book covers many rehabilitation support systems and robots developed for upper limbs, lower limbs as well as visually impaired condition. Other than upper limbs, the lower limb research works are also discussed like motorized foot rest for electric powered wheelchair and standing assistance device

Telecommunication Systems

This book is based on both industrial and academic research efforts in which a number of recent advancements and rare insights into telecommunication systems are well presented. The volume is organized into four parts: "Telecommunication Protocol, Optimization, and Security Frameworks", "Next-Generation Optical Access Technologies", "Convergence of Wireless-Optical Networks" and "Advanced Relay and Antenna Systems for Smart Networks." Chapters within these parts are self-contained and cross-referenced to facilitate further study

Boosting the Battery Life of Wearables for Health Monitoring Through the Compression of Biosignals

Modern wearable Internet of Things (IoT) devices enable the monitoring of vital parameters such as heart or respiratory (RESP) rates, electrocardiography (ECG), photo-plethysmographic (PPG) signals within e-health applications. A common issue of wearable technology is that signal transmission is power-demanding and, as such, devices require frequent battery charges and this poses serious limitations to the continuous monitoring of vitals. To ameliorate this, we advocate the use of lossy signal compression as a means to decrease the data size of the gathered biosignals and, in turn, boost the battery life of wearables and allow for fine-grained and long-term monitoring. Considering 1-D biosignals such as ECG, RESP, and PPG, which are often available from commercial wearable IoT devices, we provide a thorough review of existing biosignal compression algorithms. Besides, we present novel approaches based on online dictionaries, elucidating their operating principles and providing a quantitative assessment of compression, reconstruction and energy consumption performance of all schemes. As we quantify, the most efficient schemes allow reductions in the signal size of up to 100 times, which entail similar reductions in the energy demand, by still keeping the reconstruction error within 4% of the peak-to-peak signal amplitude. Finally, avenues for future research are discussed. © 2014 IEEE