108,961 research outputs found
Institutions and Mechanisms for Internal Conflict Resolution: Legal and Non-Legal Means in Resolving Dispute and Attaining Justice in Malaysia
Seeking justice is a noble cause and dispensing justice is an obligation that the state must fulfill. Under the doctrine of separation of powers courts exist to protect people and their rights, to guarantee fairness and justice for all. The task to combat injustices, produce a just ordering of society, ensure a fair distribution of material and legal resources, safeguard the rule of law, promote equality, ensure proportionality in punishment, and protect entitlements and legitimate expectations should not be put on the shoulders of judges and courts only. It must be spread out and shared by other institutions and by whatever means availabl
Selective Fair Scheduling over Fading Channels
Imposing fairness in resource allocation incurs a loss of system throughput,
known as the Price of Fairness (). In wireless scheduling, increases
when serving users with very poor channel quality because the scheduler wastes
resources trying to be fair. This paper proposes a novel resource allocation
framework to rigorously address this issue. We introduce selective fairness:
being fair only to selected users, and improving by momentarily blocking
the rest. We study the associated admission control problem of finding the user
selection that minimizes subject to selective fairness, and show that
this combinatorial problem can be solved efficiently if the feasibility set
satisfies a condition; in our model it suffices that the wireless channels are
stochastically dominated. Exploiting selective fairness, we design a stochastic
framework where we minimize subject to an SLA, which ensures that an
ergodic subscriber is served frequently enough. In this context, we propose an
online policy that combines the drift-plus-penalty technique with
Gradient-Based Scheduling experts, and we prove it achieves the optimal .
Simulations show that our intelligent blocking outperforms by 40 in
throughput previous approaches which satisfy the SLA by blocking low-SNR users
Sum Rate Maximizing Multigroup Multicast Beamforming under Per-antenna Power Constraints
A multi-antenna transmitter that conveys independent sets of common data to
distinct groups of users is herein considered, a model known as physical layer
multicasting to multiple co-channel groups. In the recently proposed context of
per-antenna power constrained multigroup multicasting, the present work focuses
on a novel system design that aims at maximizing the total achievable
throughput. Towards increasing the system sum rate, the available power
resources need to be allocated to well conditioned groups of users. A detailed
solution to tackle the elaborate sum rate maximization multigroup multicast
problem under per-antenna power constraints is therefore derived. Numerical
results are presented to quantify the gains of the proposed algorithm over
heuristic solutions. Besides Rayleigh faded channels, the solution is also
applied to uniform linear array transmitters operating in the far field, where
line-ofsight conditions are realized. In this setting, a sensitivity analysis
with respect to the angular separation of co-group users is included. Finally,
a simple scenario providing important intuitions for the sum rate maximizing
multigroup multicast solutions is elaborated.Comment: Submitted to IEEE GlobeCom 2014, Austin, TX. arXiv admin note:
substantial text overlap with arXiv:1406.7699, arXiv:1406.755
Defenses to International Antitrust Suits: An Aggregate Approach
Part I of this Comment will discuss briefly the cases in which the defenses have been asserted. Part I will examine the underlying policies of each defense. In Part II of this Comment each of the defenses will be applied separately to the facts of a recent antitrust case, In re Uranium Antitrust Litigation. Finally, in Part III, the application of the separatist approach to those facts will be critiqued, and an alternative approach to the defenses will be discussed
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