An Integrated Routing and Distributed Scheduling Approach for Hybrid IEEE 802.16E Mesh Networks For Vehicular Broadband Communications

An integrated routing and distributed scheduling approach for fast deployable IEEE 802.16e networks is presented where distributed base stations with dual radios form a mesh backhaul and subscriber stations communicate through these base stations. The mesh backhaul is formed via an IEEE 802.16e mesh mode radio on each base station, while the subscriber stations communicate with base stations via PMP mode radios. The proposed routing scheme divides the deployed network into several routing zones. Each routing zone contains several base stations that form the mesh backhaul with one base station equipped with either a fiber, satellite or any other point-to-point backhaul link to reach a gateway on the core network (for example, Internet or Enterprise Network). Traffic from the subscriber stations is routed by the serving base station through the mesh to the gateway-connected base station using min-hop routing metric. Mobile IP scheme is used to assign a care-of address to a subscriber station that moves from one routing zone to the other, thereby avoiding a change in IP address for network layer applications. The scheduling approach consists of two phases. In the first phase, a centralized mesh scheduling algorithm is applied with collected information on network topology, radio parameters, and initial QoS provisioning requirements. At the same time, each base station derives a PMP schedule for actual demands from associated subscriber stations constrained by the initial mesh schedule. In the second phase, each base station monitors its carried PMP traffic load statistics; to accommodate traffic load changes in a distributed fashion, each base station lends or borrows time slots from neighboring base stations to adjust its mesh and PMP radio schedules. The distributed schedule adaptation method not only allows individual base stations to accommodate short-term increases in bandwidth demands, it also provides the means for optimizing the mesh and PMP schedules with respect to actual bandwidth demands. Several deployment strategies are considered and an analytical model is developed to identify the achievable increase in overall network throughput using the proposed scheduling approach. Simulations are run in network simulator ns-2 to verify results obtained using the analytical model

MPLS layer 3 VPN

Trabalho final de mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia de Electrónica e TelecomunicaçõesMultiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) is the principal technology used in Service Provider. Networks as this mechanism forwarding packet quickly. MPLS is a new way to increase the speed, capability and service supplying abilities for optimization of transmission resources. Service Provider networks use this technology to connect different remote sites. MPLS technology provides lower network delay, effective forwarding mechanism, ascendable and predictable performance of the services which makes it more appropriate for carry out real-time applications such as Voice and video. MPLS can be used to transport any type of data whether it is layer 2 data such as frame relay, Ethernet, ATM data etc. or layer 3 data such as IPV4, IPV6.Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) é a principal tecnologia usada no Service Provider. Redes como este mecanismo fazem o encaminhamento de pacotes de dados rapidamente. MPLS é uma nova maneira de aumentar a velocidade, a capacidades de fornecimento, a capacidade de serviço para otimização de recursos de transmissão. As redes Service Provider usam essa tecnologia para ligar diferentes sites remotos. A tecnologia MPLS oferece menor atraso de rede, mecanismo de encaminhamento eficaz, desempenho e serviços previsíveis o que o tornam mais apropriado para executar aplicativos em tempo real, como voz e vídeo. O MPLS pode ser usado para transportar qualquer tipo de dados, seja dados de camada 2, como frame relay, Ethernet, dados ATM, etc., ou dados da camada 3, como IPV4, IPV6.N/

Integrated Dynamic Facade Control with an Agent-based Architecture for Commercial Buildings

Dynamic façades have significant technical potential to minimize heating, cooling, and lighting energy use and peak electric demand in the perimeter zone of commercial buildings, but the performance of these systems is reliant on being able to balance complex trade-offs between solar control, daylight admission, comfort, and view over the life of the installation. As the context for controllable energy-efficiency technologies grows more complex with the increased use of intermittent renewable energy resources on the grid, it has become increasingly important to look ahead towards more advanced approaches to integrated systems control in order to achieve optimum life-cycle performance at a lower cost. This study examines the feasibility of a model predictive control system for low-cost autonomous dynamic façades. A system architecture designed around lightweight, simple agents is proposed. The architecture accommodates whole building and grid level demands through its modular, hierarchical approach. Automatically-generated models for computing window heat gains, daylight illuminance, and discomfort glare are described. The open source Modelica and JModelica software tools were used to determine the optimum state of control given inputs of window heat gains and lighting loads for a 24-hour optimization horizon. Penalty functions for glare and view/ daylight quality were implemented as constraints. The control system was tested on a low-power controller (1.4 GHz single core with 2 GB of RAM) to evaluate feasibility. The target platform is a low-cost ($35/unit) embedded controller with 1.2 GHz dual-core cpu and 1 GB of RAM. Configuration and commissioning of the curtainwall unit was designed to be largely plug and play with minimal inputs required by the manufacturer through a web-based user interface. An example application was used to demonstrate optimal control of a three-zone electrochromic window for a south-facing zone. The overall approach was deemed to be promising. Further engineering is required to enable scalable, turnkey solutions

BUILDING ENVELOPE AND INTERIOR GRADING SYSTEMS AND METHODS

A difference module determines differences between an outdoor ambient temperature and an indoor temperature, determines a first average of the differences , and determines a second average of the differences. A storing module stores a first data point, the first data point including the first average and a first total run time of a heating, ventilation, and/or air conditioning (HVAC) system, and stores a second data point, the second data point including the second average and a second total run time of the HVAC system. A fitting module fits a line to the first and second data points. An envelope grading module generates a grade for an exterior envelope of a building based on a first characteristic of the line. An interior grading module generates a grade for an interior of the building based on a second characteristic of the line. A reporting module generates a displayable report for the building including the grade of the exterior envelope and the grade of the interior of the building

BUILDING ENVELOPE AND INTERIOR GRADING SYSTEMS AND METHODS

A difference module determines differences between an out door ambient temperature and an indoor temperature, deter mines a first average of the differences, and determines a second average of the differences. A storing module stores a first data point, the first data point including the first average and a first total run time of a heating, ventilation, and/or air conditioning (HVAC) system, and stores a second data point, the second data point including the second average and a second total run time of the HVAC system. A fitting module fits a line to the first and second data points. An envelope grading module generates a grade for an exterior envelope of a building based on a first characteristic of the line. An interior grading module generates a grade for an interior of the building based on a second characteristic of the line. A reporting module generates a displayable report for the building including the grade of the exterior envelope and the grade of the interior of the building

Diplomado de profundización cisco prueba de habilidades prácticas CCNP

Para el desarrollo de este trabajo se utilizó el simulador GNS3 y protocolos de enrutamiento: OSPF protocolo de enrutamiento interior y un BGP protocolo de enrutamiento exterior; estos protocolos tienen la habilidad de almacenar rutas independientes de otros routers para así seleccionar la conmutación de paquetes y hacer más rápido el tráfico entre ellos. El Diplomado de profundización Cisco prueba de habilidades prácticas CCNP está dividido en cuatro partes Construir la red y configurar los parámetros básicos de los dispositivos y el direccionamiento de las interfaces. Configurar la capa 2 de la red y el soporte del Host Configurar los protocolos de enrutamiento Configurar la redundancia del primer salto Configurar varios mecanismos de seguridad en los dispositivos de la topología Configurar las funciones de administración en red Estas partes pretenden dotar a los estudiantes de los conocimientos suficientes para que sean capaces de reproducir simulaciones y por medio de estas poder analizar su comportamiento e impacto frente a las distintas variables que se presenten lo cual es de gran ayuda a la hora de medir el riesgo y optimizar decisiones en la parte de redes electrónicas.For the development of this work we used the GNS3 simulator and routing protocols: OSPF interior routing protocol and BGP exterior routing protocol. These protocols have the ability to store routes independent of other routers in order to select the that a packet switching and make the traffic between them faster. The Cisco proficiency has practical skills CCNP and is divided into four parts Build the network and configure the basic parameters of the devices and interface addressing. Configure the network layer 2 and Host support Configure routing protocols Configure first hop redundancy Configure several security mechanisms on the topology devices. Configure network administration functions These parts are intended to provide students with sufficient knowledge to be able to reproduce simulations and through these to be able to analyze their behavior and impact against of the different variables that are presented, making it a great help in measuring risk and optimizing decisions electronics networks

Computer Aided Home Energy Management system

High prices are associated with the peak electricity demand and thus, price can be used as an indicator of power system condition in the peak load management programs. This paper investigates the potential of peak load management based on price-responsive load control for the residential sector. The Computer Aided Home Energy Management (CAHEM) system controls residential demand in response to the hourly market data including price, load and temperature data. A fuzzy demand controller incorporates customer preferences in determining operational settings of residential appliances. A prototype CAHEM system is demonstrated using X10 home networking technology. The aggregate level effects of the CAHEM system on peak load reduction are simulated for the Pennsylvania-New Jersey-Maryland market during the summer of 1999. The study also estimates the optimal level of large-scale adoption of the CAHEM system

Diplomado de Profundización CISCO, Prueba de Habilidades Prácticas CCNP

A través de las prácticas realizadas en el diplomado de profundización CCNP de Cisco, se desarrollan habilidades para la implementación y administración de redes de comunicaciones empresariales, sobre las cuales se busca optimizar los recursos, obteniendo redes confiables, seguras, tolerantes a fallos y escalables, con el objetivo de lograr la mejor experiencia de usuario posible. Durante el desarrollo de este diplomado se utilizó el software de simulación GNS3, sobre el cual se configuraron dispositivos de capa 2 y capa 3, simulando enlaces troncales con redundancia, diferentes subredes en los que se utilizaron diferentes métodos de enrutamiento estático y dinámico, y asignación de direccionamiento estático y dinámico por DHCP. Adicional se configuró redundancia de Gateway de red con el protocolo HSRP.Through the practices carried out in the Cisco CCNP deepening diploma, skills are developed for the implementation and administration of business communications networks, on which it is sought to optimize resources, obtaining reliable, secure, fault-tolerant and scalable networks, with the aim of achieving the best possible user experience. During the development of this diploma, the GNS3 simulation software was used, on which layer 2 and layer 3 devices were configured, simulating trunk links with redundancy, different subnets in which different static and dynamic routing methods were used, and assignment static and dynamic addressing by DHCP. Additionally, network gateway redundancy was configured with the HSRP protocol