Future prospects of the renewable energy sector in libya

This study investigates the options available to the energy sector in Libyan, particularly in relation to the potential of using renewable energy as one of the main sources for the country. Libyan government has set a target for renewable energy resources sharing with current energy sources to reach 30% by the year 2030 which mainly includes wind energy, Concentrating Solar Power (CSP), Photovoltaic (PV) and Solar Water Heating (SWH). The argument here is not whether this can be completed or not within the stipulated time. But the main objective is achieving a sustainable economic growth through a clean energy system and for the energy supply to maintain meeting the growing energy demand. The aim of this paper is to illustrate the current energy supply and future demands in Libya. This paper integrates data from literature review, field visits and interviews with Libyan energy experts to paint a comprehensive picture in relation to energy demand and consumption. The findings which have emerged from the analysis of this data reflect energy challenges and opportunities in Libya. Furthermore, securing alternative resources of energy and income are becoming critically important for Libya and other countries within the Middle East and North Africa region (MENA) if they wish to maintain the same standard of living for future generations and reduce pollution, fossil fuel local consumption and carbon emission

An integrated approach for distributed energy resource short term scheduling in smart grids considering realistic power system simulation

The large increase of distributed energy resources, including distributed generation, storage systems and demand response, especially in distribution networks, makes the management of the available resources a more complex and crucial process. With wind based generation gaining relevance, in terms of the generation mix, the fact that wind forecasting accuracy rapidly drops with the increase of the forecast anticipation time requires to undertake short-term and very short-term re-scheduling so the final implemented solution enables the lowest possible operation costs. This paper proposes a methodology for energy resource scheduling in smart grids, considering day ahead, hour ahead and five minutes ahead scheduling. The short-term scheduling, undertaken five minutes ahead, takes advantage of the high accuracy of the very-short term wind forecasting providing the user with more efficient scheduling solutions. The proposed method uses a Genetic Algorithm based approach for optimization that is able to cope with the hard execution time constraint of short-term scheduling. Realistic power system simulation, based on PSCAD , is used to validate the obtained solutions. The paper includes a case study with a 33 bus distribution network with high penetration of distributed energy resources implemented in PSCAD

Module 1. Renewable energy and local development

To start the course, we will initially focus on the nature and characteristics of three natural and renewable resources: the sun, the wind, and the biomass. Although basically the three of them are obtained from the sun (solar rays themselves, movements of air caused by the heat of the sun, and energy to grow plants) their characteristics differ substantially from each other and this strongly defines the technology used to make them profitable

Contingency Management in Power Systems and Demand Response Market for Ancillary Services in Smart Grids with High Renewable Energy Penetration.

Ph.D. Thesis. University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa 2017

Future strategic plan analysis for integrating distributed renewable generation to smart grid through wireless sensor network: Malaysia prospect

AbstractIntegration of Distributed Renewable Generation (DRG) to the future Smart Grid (SG) is one of the important considerations that is highly prioritized in the SG development roadmap by most of the countries including Malaysia. The plausible way of this integration is the enhancement of information and bidirectional communication infrastructure for energy monitoring and controlling facilities. However, urgency of data delivery through maintaining critical time condition is not crucial in these facilities. In this paper, we have surveyed state-of-the-art protocols for different Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) with the aim of realizing communication infrastructure for DRG in Malaysia. Based on the analytical results from surveys, data communication for DRG should be efficient, flexible, reliable, cost effective, and secured. To meet this achievement, IEEE802.15.4 supported ZigBee PRO protocol together with sensors and embedded system is shown as Wireless Sensor (WS) for DRG bidirectional network with prospect of attaining data monitoring facilities. The prospect towards utilizing ZigBee PRO protocol can be a cost effective option for full integration of intelligent DRG and small scale Building-Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV)/Feed-in-Tariff (FiT) under SG roadmap (Phase4: 2016–2017) conducted by Malaysia national utility company, Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB). Moreover, we have provided a direction to utilize the effectiveness of ZigBee-WS network with the existing optical communication backbone for data importing from the end DRG site to the TNB control center. A comparative study is carried out among developing countries on recent trends of SG progress which reveals that some common projects like smart metering and DRG integration are on priority

Load Scheduling with Maximum Demand and Time of Use pricing for Microgrids

Several demand side management (DSM) techniques and algorithms have been used in the literature. These algorithms show that by adopting DSM and Time-of-Use (TOU) price tariffs; electricity cost significantly decreases, and optimal load scheduling is achieved. However, the purpose of the DSM is to not only lower the electricity cost, but also to avoid the peak load even if the electricity prices low. To address this concern, this dissertation starts with a brief literature review on the existing DSM algorithms and schemes. These algorithms can be suitable for Direct Load Control (DLC) schemes, Demand Response (DR), and load scheduling strategies. \end{abstract} Secondly, the dissertations compares two of DSM algorithms to show the performance based on cost minimization, voltage fluctuation, and system power loss [see in Chapter 5]. The results show the importance of balance between objectives such as electricity cost minimization, peak load occurrence, and voltage fluctuation evolution while simultaneously optimizing the cost

Status of Renewable Energy in Europe, U.S., and Japan

As a countermeasure to reduce CO2 emission and secure energy supply, usage of renewable energy sources such as wind and solar energy is supported by government bodies around the world. Although, renewable energy contributes to CO2 reduction and energy security, there are concerns about the potential negative impacts on power system operation because of the existing electric power system is not ready for a significant deployment of renewable energy sources, particularly wind and photovoltaic power generation which their outputs are varied with the weather condition. In this paper, the author summarizes current status and projection of wind and photovoltaic power generation in Europe, U.S. and Japan. Possible impacts of large penetration of these intermittent energy sources on power system operation are also addressed

Large Scale Deployment of Renewables for Electricity Generation

Comparisons of resource assessments suggest resource constraints are not an obstacle to the large-scale deployment of renewable energy technologies. Economic analysis identifies barriers to the adoption of renewable energy sources resulting from market structure, competition in an uneven playing field and various non-market place barriers. However, even if these barriers are removed, the problem of ‘technology lock-out’ remains. The key policy response is strategic deployment coupled with increased R&D support to accelerate the pace of improvement through market experience. The paper suggests significant contributions from various technologies, but does not assess their optimal or maximal market share