81,477 research outputs found

    Inter-pregnancy interval and risk of recurrent pre-eclampsia: systematic review and meta-analysis

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    Background: Women with a history of pre-eclampsia have a higher risk of developing pre-eclampsia in subsequentpregnancies. However, the role of the inter-pregnancy interval on this association is unclear.Objective: To explore the effect of inter-pregnancy interval on the risk of recurrent pre-eclampsia or eclampia.Search strategy: MEDLINE, EMBASE and LILACS were searched (inception to July 2015).Selection criteria: Cohort studies assessing the risk of recurrent pre-eclampsia in the immediate subsequentpregnancy according to different birth intervals.Data collection and analysis: Two reviewers independently performed screening, data extraction, methodologicaland quality assessment.Meta-analysis of adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI) was used to measure the associationbetween various interval lengths and recurrent pre-eclampsia or eclampsia.Main results: We identified 1769 articles and finally included four studies with a total of 77,561 women. The meta-analysisof two studies showed that compared to inter-pregnancy intervals of 2?4 years, the aOR for recurrent pre-eclampsia was 1.01 [95 % CI 0.95 to 1.07, I2 0 %] with intervals of less than 2 years and 1.10 [95 % CI 1.02 to 1.19, I2 0 %] with intervals longerthan 4 years.Conclusion: Compared to inter-pregnancy intervals of 2 to 4 years, shorter intervals are not associated with an increasedrisk of recurrent pre-eclampsia but longer intervals appear to increase the risk. The results of this review should beinterpreted with caution as included studies are observational and thus subject to possible confounding factors.Keywords: Recurrence, Pre-eclampsia, Eclampsia, Inter-pregnancy interval, Birth interval, Meta-analysis, Systematic review,Birth spacing, Hypertensive disorders of pregnancyFil: Cormick, Gabriela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública; ArgentinaFil: Betran, Ana Pilar. World Health Organization; SuizaFil: Ciapponi, Agustín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública; ArgentinaFil: Hall, David R.. Stellenbosch University; Sudáfrica. Tygerberg Hospital; SudáfricaFil: Hofmyer, G. Justus. University of the Witwatersrand; Sudáfrica. University of Fort Hare; Sudáfrica. Walter Sisulu University; Sudáfric

    Historia de la Sociedad Española de Epidemiología (1978-2014)

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    Reseña del libro "Historia de la Sociedad Española de Epidemiología (1978-2014)".En este libro coordinado por Josep Bernabeu Mestre, se hace mención a los primeros esfuerzos médicos por aplicar la epidemiología para mejorar la salud de la población española. Además, se detallan y analizan las bases de la creación de la Sociedad Española de Epidemiología, en un esfuerzo colectivo para incidir en la importancia de la epidemiología en las primeras medidas legislativas que se efectuaron en los años de la Transición Democrática, describiendo asimismo las actividades realizadas en los últimos años hasta 2014.3 páginas

    BERNABEU-MESTRE, Josep, coord. Historia de la Sociedad Española de Epidemiología (1978-2014). (s.l.): Sociedad Española de Epidemiología, Fundación Dr. Antonio Esteve; 2014.

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    Reseña: "Josep Bernabeu-Mestre, (coord.). Historia de la Sociedad Española de Epidemiología (1978-2014). (S.l.): Sociedad Española de Epidemiología; Fundación Dr. Antonio Esteve, 2014

    Desafíos y Oportunidades en Epidemiología y Salud Pública

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    Esta plática tratará sobre el papel de las matemáticas aplicadas en la epidemiología y en la salud pública. Incluye el trabajo de pioneros en epidemiología y la labor de estudiantes de pregrado y posgrado en investigación y formación académica

    Optimizing Tobacco Advertising Bans in Seven Latin American Countries: Microsimulation Modeling of Health and Financial Impact to Inform Evidence-Based Policy

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    Introduction: In Latin America, tobacco smoking prevalence is between 6.4% and 35.2%. Governments have been making efforts to support the regulation of advertising and, in many cases, banning advertising and promotion of tobacco altogether. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential impact on health and economic outcomes of optimizing a ban on tobacco advertising and sponsorship in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru. Methods: We built a probabilistic microsimulation model, considering natural history, direct health system costs, and quality of life impairment associated with main tobacco-related diseases. We followed individuals in hypothetical cohorts and calculated health outcomes on an annual basis to obtain aggregated 10-year population health outcomes (deaths, events, healthy years of life) and costs. To populate the model, we performed a rapid review of literature to calculate intervention effectiveness. Results: With current policies, over 10 years, in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, and Colombia a total of 50,000 deaths and 364,000 disease events will be averted, saving 7.2billion.Ifthesevencountriesstrengthenedtheirpoliciesandimplementedacomprehensivebanwith1007.2 billion. If the seven countries strength-ened their policies and implemented a comprehensive ban with 100% compliance, 98,000 deaths and 648,000 events would be averted over 10 years, saving almost 15 billion in healthcare costs. Conclusions: Optimizing a ban on tobacco advertising and sponsorship would substantially reduce deaths, diseases, and health care costs attributed to smoking. Latin American countries should not delay the full implementation of this strategy.Fil: Bardach, Ariel Esteban. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública; ArgentinaFil: Alcaraz, Andrea. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; ArgentinaFil: Roberti, Javier Eugenio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública; ArgentinaFil: Ciapponi, Agustín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública; ArgentinaFil: Augustovski, Federico Ariel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública; ArgentinaFil: Pichón-riviere, Andres. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública; Argentin

    Abordando la vigilancia trans-nacional de transmisión de tuberculosis

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    Investigación epidemiológica. Epidemiología. Estudio de contactos: Enfermería.Trabajadores sociales. Médicos de familia. Investigación epidemiológica: Alternativa desde el laboratorio. Epidemiología molecular. Métodos de genotipado actuales. Secuenciación de Genoma Completo. Identificación de clusters activos no controlados.N

    Evaluating patterns of national and international collaboration in Cuban science using bibliometric tools

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    Purpose -- The purpose of this paper is to explore the hypothesis that collaboration was a key characteristic of Cuban science to maintain their scientific capacity during a period of economic restrictions and an important feature of Cuban science policy and practice for the benefit of society. Design/methodology/approach -- Collaboration was studied through Cuban scientific publications listed in PubMed for the period 1990-2010. The search was carried out using the advanced search engine of PubMed indicating oCubaW in the affiliation field. To identify participating institutions a second search was performed to find the affiliations of all authors per article through the link to the electronic journal. A data set was created to identify institutional publication patterns for the surveyed period. Institutions were classified in three categories according to their scientific production as Central, Middle or Distal: the pattern of collaboration between these categories was analysed. Findings -- Results indicate that collaboration between scientifically advanced institutions (Central) and a wide range of national institutions is a consequence of the social character of science in Cuba in which cooperation prevails. Although this finding comes from a limited field of biomedical science it is likely to reflect Cuban science policy in general. Originality/value -- Using bibliometric tools the study suggests that Cuban science policy and practice ensure the application of science for social needs by harnessing human resources through national and international collaboration, building in this way stronger scientific capacity

    Association between drinking patterns and cardiovascular risk: a population-based study in the Southern Cone of Latin America

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    Background: Using data from general adult population, this study aims to describe epidemiology of alcohol consumption patterns and their association with cardiovascular risk. Methods: CESCAS I is a population-based study from four mid-sized cities in Argentina, Chile and Uruguay. Associations between diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and history of CVD and drinking patterns were assessed using crude prevalence odds ratios (ORs) and adjusted OR. Results: A total of 37.2% of the studied population never drank and 18.3% reported to be former drinkers. Among current drinkers, moderate drinking was the most frequent pattern (24.2%). For women with light and moderate consumption, the odds of having >20% CVD risk was ∼40% lower than that of never drinkers. The odds of having a history of CVD was 50% lower in those with moderate consumption. For men with heavy consumption, the odds of having >20% CVD risk was about twice as high as for never drinkers. Conclusions: A harmful association was observed between heavy drinking and having >20% CVD risk for men. However, for women, an apparently protective association was observed between light and moderate drinking and having >20% CVD risk and between moderate drinking and having a history of CVD.Fil: Gulayin, Pablo Elías. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Irazola, Vilma. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública; ArgentinaFil: Gutierrez, Laura. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; ArgentinaFil: Elorriaga, Natalia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública; ArgentinaFil: Lanas, Fernando. Universidad de La Frontera; ChileFil: Mores, Nora Cecilia. Municipalidad de Marcos Paz (buenos Aires).; ArgentinaFil: Ponzo, Jaqueline. Universidad de la Republica. Facultad de Medicina; UruguayFil: Calandrelli, Matías Enrique. Sociedad Rural de San Carlos de Bariloche.; ArgentinaFil: Poggio, Rosana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública; ArgentinaFil: Rubinstein, Adolfo Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública; ArgentinaFil: Bardach, Ariel Esteban. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública; Argentin

    Identification and selection of health technologies for assessment by agencies in support of reimbursement decisions in Latin America

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    OBJECTIVE: There is no health system that has the resources to evaluate all technologies. The presence of a clear process to prioritize health technologies for assessment by health technology assessment (HTA) agencies is a good practice principle recognized at the international level. The objective of Health Technology Assessment International's 2020 Latin American Policy Forum (LatamPF) was to explore how to improve the way HTA agencies in Latin America identify and prioritize technologies for assessment. METHODS: This paper is based on a background document, a survey, and the deliberations of the members of the LatamPF (forty-six participants from eleven countries) using a design thinking methodology. RESULTS: Participants agreed that a lack of clear prioritization mechanisms results in HTA processes and decisions that are perceived to be of low transparency and overly exposed to political or interest group pressures. The LatamPF identified barriers and recommended actions to improve HTA prioritization mechanisms in Latin America. The criteria identified as the most important to be taken into consideration by HTA agencies in the region when prioritizing a technology for assessment were: the burden of illness, the potential clinical benefit, the alignment with national health priorities, the potential impact on equity, a lack of treatment alternatives for patients, and the potential economic impact. CONCLUSIONS: Forum participants agreed that the establishment of transparent prioritization processes is a key element for all health systems. Improvements in these processes will strengthen HTA and provide greater legitimacy to decision making.Fil: Pichón-riviere, Andres. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública; ArgentinaFil: Augustovski, Federico Ariel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública; ArgentinaFil: García Martí, Sebastián. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública; ArgentinaFil: Alcaraz, Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública; ArgentinaFil: Alfie, Verónica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública; ArgentinaFil: Sampietro Colom, Laura. Hospital Clinic de Barcelona; Españ

    Reseñas

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    J. de. VILLALBA, Epidemiología español
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