7,969 research outputs found
Mapping the Bid Behavior of Conference Referees
The peer-review process, in its present form, has been repeatedly criticized.
Of the many critiques ranging from publication delays to referee bias, this
paper will focus specifically on the issue of how submitted manuscripts are
distributed to qualified referees. Unqualified referees, without the proper
knowledge of a manuscript's domain, may reject a perfectly valid study or
potentially more damaging, unknowingly accept a faulty or fraudulent result. In
this paper, referee competence is analyzed with respect to referee bid data
collected from the 2005 Joint Conference on Digital Libraries (JCDL). The
analysis of the referee bid behavior provides a validation of the intuition
that referees are bidding on conference submissions with regards to the subject
domain of the submission. Unfortunately, this relationship is not strong and
therefore suggests that there exists other factors beyond subject domain that
may be influencing referees to bid for particular submissions
Academia/Industry DynAmics (AIDA): A knowledge Graph within the scholarly domain and its applications
Scholarly knowledge graphs are a form of knowledge representation that aims to capture and organize the information and knowledge contained in scholarly publications, such as research papers, books, patents, and datasets. Scholarly knowledge graphs can provide a comprehensive and structured view of the scholarly domain, covering various aspects such as authors, affiliations, research topics, methods, results, citations, and impact. Scholarly knowledge graphs can enable various applications and services that can facilitate and enhance scholarly communication, such as information retrieval, data analysis, recommendation systems, semantic search, and knowledge discovery.
However, constructing and maintaining scholarly knowledge graphs is a challenging task that requires dealing with large-scale, heterogeneous, and dynamic data sources. Moreover, extracting and integrating the relevant information and knowledge from unstructured or semi-structured text is not trivial, as it involves natural language processing, machine learning, ontology engineering, and semantic web technologies. Furthermore, ensuring the quality and validity of the scholarly knowledge graphs is essential for their usability and reliability
Knowledge spillovers and local innovation systems: a critical survey
The paper re-examines critically the growing literature on localised knowledge spillovers (LKSs), and finds the econometric evidence on the subject still lacking of a firm theoretical background, especially in respect of the more recent developments in the economics of knowledge. Therefore such evidence, and even more the concept itself of LKS, should not be read as supportive of new industrial geographers' work on industrial districts, hi-tech agglomerations and 'milieux innovateur'. On the contrary, it may represent a threat to the necessary efforts for gaining more theoretical rigour and getting more empirical fieldwork done. Key words: knowledge, innovation, spillovers, externalities, regional agglomeration. JEL classification: D62, O30, R12
Improving average ranking precision in user searches for biomedical research datasets
Availability of research datasets is keystone for health and life science
study reproducibility and scientific progress. Due to the heterogeneity and
complexity of these data, a main challenge to be overcome by research data
management systems is to provide users with the best answers for their search
queries. In the context of the 2016 bioCADDIE Dataset Retrieval Challenge, we
investigate a novel ranking pipeline to improve the search of datasets used in
biomedical experiments. Our system comprises a query expansion model based on
word embeddings, a similarity measure algorithm that takes into consideration
the relevance of the query terms, and a dataset categorisation method that
boosts the rank of datasets matching query constraints. The system was
evaluated using a corpus with 800k datasets and 21 annotated user queries. Our
system provides competitive results when compared to the other challenge
participants. In the official run, it achieved the highest infAP among the
participants, being +22.3% higher than the median infAP of the participant's
best submissions. Overall, it is ranked at top 2 if an aggregated metric using
the best official measures per participant is considered. The query expansion
method showed positive impact on the system's performance increasing our
baseline up to +5.0% and +3.4% for the infAP and infNDCG metrics, respectively.
Our similarity measure algorithm seems to be robust, in particular compared to
Divergence From Randomness framework, having smaller performance variations
under different training conditions. Finally, the result categorization did not
have significant impact on the system's performance. We believe that our
solution could be used to enhance biomedical dataset management systems. In
particular, the use of data driven query expansion methods could be an
alternative to the complexity of biomedical terminologies
Current policy issues in the governance of the European patent system
The European Parliament has been working towards building a discussion platform and a resource for further policy actions in the field of intellectual property rights. The Science and Technology Options Assessment Panel has set the goal of further enlarging the area of investigation in light of recent policy developments at the European level. In particular, the current study covers current policy issues in the governance of the European patent system, such as the backlog issue, the enhancement of patent awareness within the European Parliament, patent enforcement, the regional dimension of intellectual property in Europe, patents and standardisation, the use of existing patents, and patents and competition. These issues were discussed in the conference with stakeholders from European to national patent offices, from private to public sector actors. As a result of the conference, it was stated the need for an IP strategy for Europ
Expert and Corpus-Based Evaluation of a 3-Space Model of Conceptual Blending
This paper presents the 3-space model of conceptual
blending that estimates the figurative similarity between Input
spaces 1 and 2 using both their analogical similarity and the interconnecting
Generic Space. We describe how our Dr Inventor model
is being evaluated as a model of lexically based figurative similarity.
We describe distinct but related evaluation tasks focused on 1)
identifying novel and quality analogies between computer graphics
publications 2) evaluation of machine generated translations of text
documents 3) evaluation of documents in a plagiarism corpus. Our
results show that Dr Inventor is capable of generating novel
comparisons between publications but also appears to be a useful
tool for evaluating machine translation systems and for detecting and
assessing the level of plagiarism between documents. We also
outline another more recent evaluation, using a corpus of patent
applications
Final summary report for 1991-1999 : and year - 8 report for 9/1/98-8/31/99
The mission of Capsule Pipeline Research Center of the last eight years (1991-99) has been focused on the coal log pipeline (CLP) technology. Year 8 saw the construction of a testbed (pilot plant) to test both CLP and other hydraulic capsule pipeline applications. Built with equipment, materials and services valued at over $400,000 donated by nineteen companies, the plant will ready the CLP technology for commercial use in two years.
During year 8, a rotary press was designed for compacting coal and biomass fuel, a coal log sensor was invented, and the U.S. Department of Energy sponsored a project which will develop a new biomass fuel for coal-fed power plants, using the compaction technology developed from coal logs research. In addition, significant advancements were made in the study of pneumatic capsule pipeline powered by linear induction motors including the construction of a laboratory test facility.
Also, during year 8, the Center hosted an international symposium and short course on underground transportation of freight by capsule pipelines. National and international experts on pipeline freight transportation attended this symposium and presented papers here.
Over the last eight years, the Center has greatly advanced various technologies related to capsule pipelines, readying them for commercial use. Future plans revolve around testing the CLP technology in the pilot plant in order to ready it for commercial use. The Center will also develop a new biofuel for use by power plants, and engage in further research in underground shipment of freight by pneumatic capsule pipelines.Executive summary -- Accomplishments, infrastructure challenges, partnerships, and contribution to education -- Nuggets -- contributions to state and local economic development strategies -- Research program -- Industrial collaboration/technology transfer -- Management and structure -- Center analyst's report -- Support, financial management & budget -- Update of contact information for center -- References -- Appendices. Latest IAB meeting minutes ; Press coverage of current-year activities ; International symposium on capsule pipeline : program ; University new initiatives for commercializing CLP technology ; Center publication list ; No cost extension and supplemental funding requests
Mobility of public researchers, scientific knowledge transfer, and the firm's innovation process
The present study provides evidence on the mobility effects of researchers from the public R&D system with regard to firmÂŽs innovation process. This issue is particularly novel and important as these researchers contribute to the production and transfer of knowledge previously developed and accumulated in the public R&D system. The findings confirm that scientific knowledge which public researchers provide has a positive influence on both inputs and outputs of the firmsâ innovation process. The fact that firms have access to additional knowledge which is complementary to that they already hold represents a spur for exploiting and applying this new knowledge. The firms in this study continually increased their in-house R&D investments. As a result of these investments firms create new knowledge of a unique and valuable type. The study draws two important conclusions geared to providing a greater efficiency in human resource management and to improve the design of technology policies
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