A case study on latency, bandwidth and energy efficiency of mobile 5G and YouTube Edge service in London. Why the 5G ecosystem and energy efficiency matter?

The advancements in 5G mobile networks and Edge computing offer great potential for services like augmented reality and Cloud gaming, thanks to their low latency and high bandwidth capabilities. However, the practical limitations of achieving optimal latency on real applications remain uncertain. This paper aims to investigate the actual latency and bandwidth provided by 5G Networks and YouTube Edge service in London, UK. We analyze how latency and bandwidth differ between 4G LTE and 5G networks and how the location of YouTube Edge servers impacts these metrics. Our research reveals over 10 significant observations and implications, indicating that the primary constraints on 4G LTE and 5G capabilities are the ecosystem and energy efficiency of mobile devices down-streaming data. Our study demonstrates that to fully unlock the potential of 5G and it's applications, it is crucial to prioritize efforts aimed at improving the ecosystem and enhancing the energy efficiency

Effect of oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) fibers to the compressive strength and water absorption of concrete

Growing popularity based on environmentally-friendly, low cost and lightweight building materials in the construction industry has led to a need to examine how these characteristics can be achieved and at the same time giving the benefit to the environment and maintain the material requirements based on the standards required. Recycling of waste generated from industrial and agricultural activities as measures of building materials is not only a viable solution to the problem of pollution but also to produce an economic design of building

From One Edge to the Other:Exploring Gaming's Rising Presence on the Network

Audio and video streaming and on-demand services have dramatically changed how, and how much, media is consumed. Streaming generally allows a much larger selection of content, and arguably greater convenience. Gaming is the latest medium to place delivery of content into the cloud, via services such as Google Stadia and NVIDIA GeForce NOW. Just as with video streaming, this new ease comes with a hidden cost from the infrastructure used to deliver it, including the hardware cost, engineering cost and the energy to power the data centres and communications networks. Although gaming is currently only 7% of global network demand, with more than 95% of that being made up of downloading content, the possibility of streamed games could rapidly change this network footprint. In turn, this affects the yearly growth of energy impact from IT services. We explore possible futures where growth of these services continues, and we illustrate the implications a decade from now with three possible future scenarios for shifts of gaming practices. Our analyses show that game streaming will cause significant increases in the energy and carbon footprint of games