Computer-aided cephalometric landmark identification

Master'sMASTER OF ENGINEERIN

Biometrics

Biometrics-Unique and Diverse Applications in Nature, Science, and Technology provides a unique sampling of the diverse ways in which biometrics is integrated into our lives and our technology. From time immemorial, we as humans have been intrigued by, perplexed by, and entertained by observing and analyzing ourselves and the natural world around us. Science and technology have evolved to a point where we can empirically record a measure of a biological or behavioral feature and use it for recognizing patterns, trends, and or discrete phenomena, such as individuals' and this is what biometrics is all about. Understanding some of the ways in which we use biometrics and for what specific purposes is what this book is all about

DYNAMIC MEASUREMENT OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL MOTION FROM SINGLE-PERSPECTIVE TWO-DIMENSIONAL RADIOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

The digital evolution of the x-ray imaging modality has spurred the development of numerous clinical and research tools. This work focuses on the design, development, and validation of dynamic radiographic imaging and registration techniques to address two distinct medical applications: tracking during image-guided interventions, and the measurement of musculoskeletal joint kinematics. Fluoroscopy is widely employed to provide intra-procedural image-guidance. However, its planar images provide limited information about the location of surgical tools and targets in three-dimensional space. To address this limitation, registration techniques, which extract three-dimensional tracking and image-guidance information from planar images, were developed and validated in vitro. The ability to accurately measure joint kinematics in vivo is an important tool in studying both normal joint function and pathologies associated with injury and disease, however it still remains a clinical challenge. A technique to measure joint kinematics from single-perspective x-ray projections was developed and validated in vitro, using clinically available radiography equipmen

Survey of mri usefulness for the clinical assessment of bone microstructure

open8siFunding: E.S. has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skodowska-Curie grant agreement No713750. Additionally, it has been carried out with the financial support of the Regional Council of Provence Alpes-Côte d’Azur and with the financial support of the A*MIDEX (n◦ ANR- 11-IDEX-0001-02), funded by the “Investissements d’Avenir” project funded by the French Government, managed by the French National Research Agency (ANR). No authors is affiliated to an Intergovernmental Organization.Bone microarchitecture has been shown to provide useful information regarding the evaluation of skeleton quality with an added value to areal bone mineral density, which can be used for the diagnosis of several bone diseases. Bone mineral density estimated from dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) has shown to be a limited tool to identify patients’ risk stratification and therapy delivery. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been proposed as another technique to assess bone quality and fracture risk by evaluating the bone structure and microarchitecture. To date, MRI is the only completely non‐invasive and non‐ionizing imaging modality that can assess both cortical and trabecular bone in vivo. In this review article, we reported a survey regarding the clinically relevant information MRI could provide for the assessment of the inner trabecular morphology of different bone segments. The last section will be devoted to the upcoming MRI applications (MR spectroscopy and chemical shift encoding MRI, solid state MRI and quantitative susceptibility mapping), which could provide additional biomarkers for the assessment of bone microarchitecture.openSoldati E.; Rossi F.; Vicente J.; Guenoun D.; Pithioux M.; Iotti S.; Malucelli E.; Bendahan D.Soldati E.; Rossi F.; Vicente J.; Guenoun D.; Pithioux M.; Iotti S.; Malucelli E.; Bendahan D

Multi-scale Representations for Classification of Protein Crystal Images and Multi-Modal Registration of the Lung

In recent years, multi-resolution techniques have become increasingly popular in the image processing community. New techniques have been developed with applications ranging from edge detection, texture recognition, image registration, multi-resolution features for image classification and more. The central focus of this two-part thesis is the multi-resolution analysis of images. In the first part, we used multi-resolution approaches to help with the classification of a set of protein crystal images. In the second, similar approaches were used to help register a set of 3D image volumes that would otherwise be computationally prohibitive without leveraging multi-resolution techniques. Specifically, the first part of this work proposes a classification framework that is being developed in collaboration with NorthEast Structural Genomics Consoritum (NESG) to assist in the automated screening of protein crystal images. Several groups have previously proposed automated algorithms to expedite such analysis. However, none of the classifiers described in the literature are sufficiently accurate or fast enough to be practical in a structural genomics production pipeline. The second part of this work proposes a 3D image registration algorithm to register regions of emphysema as quantified by densitometry on lung CT with MR lung volumes. The ability to register quantitatively-determined regions of emphysema with perfusion MRI will allow for further exploration of the pathophysiology of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder (COPD). The registration method involves the registration of CT volumes at different levels of inspiration (total lung capacity to functional residual capacity [FRC]) followed by another registration between FRC-CT and FRC-MR volume pairs