International Conference on Civil Engineering,Infrastructure and Environment

UBT Annual International Conference is the 8th international interdisciplinary peer reviewed conference which publishes works of the scientists as well as practitioners in the area where UBT is active in Education, Research and Development. The UBT aims to implement an integrated strategy to establish itself as an internationally competitive, research-intensive university, committed to the transfer of knowledge and the provision of a world-class education to the most talented students from all background. The main perspective of the conference is to connect the scientists and practitioners from different disciplines in the same place and make them be aware of the recent advancements in different research fields, and provide them with a unique forum to share their experiences. It is also the place to support the new academic staff for doing research and publish their work in international standard level. This conference consists of sub conferences in different fields like: – Computer Science and Communication Engineering– Management, Business and Economics– Mechatronics, System Engineering and Robotics– Energy Efficiency Engineering– Information Systems and Security– Architecture – Spatial Planning– Civil Engineering , Infrastructure and Environment– Law– Political Science– Journalism , Media and Communication– Food Science and Technology– Pharmaceutical and Natural Sciences– Design– Psychology– Education and Development– Fashion– Music– Art and Digital Media– Dentistry– Applied Medicine– Nursing This conference is the major scientific event of the UBT. It is organizing annually and always in cooperation with the partner universities from the region and Europe. We have to thank all Authors, partners, sponsors and also the conference organizing team making this event a real international scientific event. Edmond Hajrizi, President of UBTUBT – Higher Education Institutio

Network level bridges maintenance planning using Multi-Attribute Utility Theory

Bridge infrastructure managers are facing multiple challenges to improve the availability and serviceability of ageing infrastructure, while the maintenance planning is constrained by budget restrictions. Many research efforts are ongoing, for the last few decades, ranging from development of bridge management system, decision support tools, optimisation models, life cycle cost analysis, etc. Since transport infrastructures are deeply embedded in society, they are not only subject to technical requirements, but are required to meet the requirements of societal and economic developments. Therefore, bridge maintenance planning should accommodate multiple performance goals which need to be quantified by various performance indicators. In this paper, an application of Multi-Attribute Utility Theory (MAUT) for bridge maintenance planning is illustrated with a case study of bridges from the Netherlands road network. MAUT seeks to optimise multiple objectives by suggesting a trade-off among them and finally assigns a ranking to the considered bridges. Moreover, utility functions of MAUT appropriately account for the involved uncertainty and risk attitude of infrastructure managers. The main contribution of this study is in presenting a proof-of-concept on how MAUT provides a systematic approach to improve the decision-making of maintenance planning by making use of available data, accommodating multiple performance goals, their uncertainty, and preferences of infrastructure managers

Fuzzy Logic

The capability of Fuzzy Logic in the development of emerging technologies is introduced in this book. The book consists of sixteen chapters showing various applications in the field of Bioinformatics, Health, Security, Communications, Transportations, Financial Management, Energy and Environment Systems. This book is a major reference source for all those concerned with applied intelligent systems. The intended readers are researchers, engineers, medical practitioners, and graduate students interested in fuzzy logic systems

CFD analysis of 3D dynamic stall

Focusing on helicopter aerodynamics, it is known that the aerodynamic performance of the retreating side of a rotor disk is mainly dictated by the stall characteristics of the blade. Stall under dynamic conditions (Dynamic Stall) is the dominant phenomenon encountered on heavily loaded fast-flying rotors, resulting in an extra lift and excessive pitching moments. Dynamic stall (DS) can be idealised as the pitching motion of a finite wing and this is the focus of the present work which includes three main stages. At first, comparisons between available experimental data with CFD simulations were performed for 3D DS cases. This work is the first detailed CFD study of 3D Dynamic Stall and has produced results indicating that DS can be predicted and analysed using CFD. The CFD results were validated against all known experimental investigations. In addition, a comprehensive set of CFD results was generated and used to enhance our understanding of 3D DS. Straight, tapered and swept-tip wings of various aspect ratios were used at a range of Reynolds and Mach numbers and flow conditions. For all cases where experimental data were available effort was put to obtain the original data and process these in exactly the same ways as the CFD results. Special care was put to represent exactly the motion of the lifting surfaces, its geometry and the boundary conditions of the problem. Secondly, the evolution of the Ω-shaped DS vortex observed in experimental works as well as its interaction with the tip vortices were investigated. Both pitching and pitching/rotating blade conditions were considered. Finally, the potential of training a Neural network as a model for DS was assessed in an attempt to reduce the required CPU time for modelling 3D DS. Neural networks have a proven track record in applications involving pattern recognition but so far have seen little application in unsteady aerodynamics. In this work, two different NN models were developed and assessed in a variety of conditions involving DS. Both experimental and CFD data were used during these investigations. The dependence of the quality of the predictions of the NN on the choice of the training data was then assessed and thoughts towards the correct strategy behind this choice were laid out

Within the liminal

Buildings that follow the typical transit center typology act as liminal spaces comprised of moments of transition that are experienced briefly. This project explores the injection of performance space into the transit center typology, shifting the building experience from liminal space to transitional place. These performance spaces provide a programmatic definition that transforms the experience from the liminal realm into a tangible, experiential place. The underlying transitory nature of the building is retained in this new definition, while still allowing the building typology to become more than a brief moment of experience. As a place, the transit center also becomes a location of intersection. Users cross paths while transferring between the diverse transit modes of Chicago, Illinois. The transit center landscape becomes the medium for this transition, exposing users to performance art as a means of enrichment while maintaining efficiency in transit navigation. Additionally, this thesis explores programmatic intersections, supporting various dining and retail spaces as well as performing arts and recreational opportunities. This transit center is a hub for interaction, creating a dynamic canvas to celebrate art and self-expression within a vibrant, fast-paced city.College of Architecture and PlanningThesis (B. Arch.

Numerical modelling of additive manufacturing process for stainless steel tension testing samples

Nowadays additive manufacturing (AM) technologies including 3D printing grow rapidly and they are expected to replace conventional subtractive manufacturing technologies to some extents. During a selective laser melting (SLM) process as one of popular AM technologies for metals, large amount of heats is required to melt metal powders, and this leads to distortions and/or shrinkages of additively manufactured parts. It is useful to predict the 3D printed parts to control unwanted distortions and shrinkages before their 3D printing. This study develops a two-phase numerical modelling and simulation process of AM process for 17-4PH stainless steel and it considers the importance of post-processing and the need for calibration to achieve a high-quality printing at the end. By using this proposed AM modelling and simulation process, optimal process parameters, material properties, and topology can be obtained to ensure a part 3D printed successfully

Cell Separations and Sorting

This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Analytical Chemistry, copyright © American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05357.NIBIB Grant P41-EB020594COBRE Grant 5P20GM13042

Relating Interface Type, Building Type, Street Type and Local Travel Activity in Taipei

As part of the current trend for sustainable transport systems and for lively cities, considerable research has been conducted into the relationship between urban form and travel activity. Related Taiwanese studies are relatively scarce, however, perhaps because there is a lack of research about Taiwanese urban morphology. Therefore, establishing a complete urban form catalogue (including building type, street type, and interface type in particular) is the first step and prime objective for this thesis to contribute to the omission in the current academia, and further identifying the urban form types with their travel activity characteristics (mostly mode choice and walking behaviour) to recognise which form types are more favourable under the contexts of sustainable and lively lifestyle. Throughout the study, interfaces, i.e. the connections between different urban form components, are given particular focus. This is done firstly because interface is almost entirely undocumented in existing Taiwanese urban morphology, and secondly because, although the transition between the private and public domain is seen as playing a vital role in pedestrian or public life studies, but little discussion about it as an integral factor in most transport related research. This thesis is based on the study of both the physical fabric and residents’ travel activity pattern of Da-An District. Therefore, a two-dimensional coordinate system (x-y matrix) and cluster methods (e.g. K-Means) were used to classify the urban form types, whilst a questionnaire was used to gain the travel activity data. As a result, the urban form of the selected study area was found to comprise 10 building types, 12 street types, and 24 interface types. Through Chi-square tests, certain street and interface types were then found to be associated with certain transport mode shares for local trips. A number of specific interface types were further recognised as favourable (e.g. arcades with shop windows, and large landscaped front setbacks) or unfavourable (e.g. overhang without setback) to a sustainable and lively environment

Facilitating the Human Scale: A Response to Urban Intensification

Over the last half century, globalization has catalysed a new wave of urban expansion. Implications of this growth will further intensify the complexities of the urban metropolis, where transecting transit networks, communication infrastructures, production and consumption undergird a multifaceted set of economic and social processes. A recent paradigm shift over the last half-century has seen change in terms of the city being viewed in formal terms to being considered for its dynamic ways. This shift has not only seen the traditional hierarchical urban condition questioned, but reflects the amorphous trends in urban growth. The main intention of the research is to develop a model framework for re-appropriating established industrial infrastructural components to facilitate the human scale in the face of an intensifying urban realm. The work of James Corner, Rem Koolhaas, Bernard Tschumi, Charles Waldheim, Alex Wall and Richard Weller are critically engaged to inform this thesis’ theoretical framework. This research explores the viability of these theoretical imperatives in addressing issues typically associated with urban intensification, specifically the spatial, cultural and sociological implications of urban encroachment into the industrial precinct. Overall the research suggests the act of leveraging phenomenological qualities inherent to industry landscapes can play a fundamental role in appropriating the human scale within this contextually indifferent typology

Trends in Sustainable Buildings and Infrastructure

The recently established Sustainable Development Goals call for a paradigm shift in the way that buildings and infrastructures are conceived. The construction industry is a major source of environmental impacts, given its great material consumption and energy demands. It is also a major contributor to the economic growth of regions, through the provision of useful infrastructure and generation of employment, among other factors. Conventional approaches underlying current building design practices fall short of covering the relevant environmental and social implications derived from inappropriate design, construction, and planning. The development of adequate sustainable design strategies is therefore becoming extremely relevant regarding the achievement of the United Nations 2030 Agenda Goals for Sustainable Development. This book comprises 11 chapters that highlight the actual research trends in the construction sector, aiming to increase the knowledge on sustainable design practices by highlighting the actual practices that explore efficient ways to reduce the environmental consequences related to the construction industry, while promoting social wellbeing and economic development. The chapters collect papers included in the Special Issue “Trends in Sustainable Buildings and Infrastructure” of the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health