Modeling and Predicting Future Trajectories of Moving Objects in a Constrained Network

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Advances in wireless sensor networks and positioning technologies enable traffic management (e.g. routing traffic) that uses real-time data monitored by GPS-enabled cars. Location management has become an enabling technology in such application. The location modeling and trajectory prediction of moving objects are the fundamental components of location management in mobile locationaware applications. In this paper, we model the road network and moving objects in a graph of cellular automata (GCA), which makes full use of the constraints of the network and the stochastic behavior of the traffic. A simulation-based method based on graphs of cellular automata is proposed to predict future trajectories. Our technique strongly differs from the linear prediction method, which has low prediction accuracy and requires frequent updates when applied to real traffic with velocity changes. The experiments, carried on two different datasets, show that the simulation-based prediction method provides higher accuracy than the linear prediction method

Greediness control algorithm for multimedia streaming in wireless local area networks

This work investigates the interaction between the application and transport layers while streaming multimedia in a residential Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN). Inconsistencies have been identified that can have a severe impact on the Quality of Experience (QoE) experienced by end users. This problem arises as a result of the streaming processes reliance on rate adaptation engines based on congestion avoidance mechanisms, that try to obtain as much bandwidth as possible from the limited network resources. These upper transport layer mechanisms have no knowledge of the media which they are carrying and as a result treat all traffic equally. This lack of knowledge of the media carried and the characteristics of the target devices results in fair bandwidth distribution at the transport layer but creates unfairness at the application layer. This unfairness mostly affects user perceived quality when streaming high quality multimedia. Essentially, bandwidth that is distributed fairly between competing video streams at the transport layer results in unfair application layer video quality distribution. Therefore, there is a need to allow application layer streaming solutions, tune the aggressiveness of transport layer congestion control mechanisms, in order to create application layer QoE fairness between competing media streams, by taking their device characteristics into account. This thesis proposes the Greediness Control Algorithm (GCA), an upper transport layer mechanism that eliminates quality inconsistencies caused by rate / congestion control mechanisms while streaming multimedia in wireless networks. GCA extends an existing solution (i.e. TCP Friendly Rate Control (TFRC)) by introducing two parameters that allow the streaming application to tune the aggressiveness of the rate estimation and as a result, introduce fair distribution of quality at the application layer. The thesis shows that this rate adaptation technique, combined with a scalable video format allows increased overall system QoE. Extensive simulation analysis demonstrate that this form of rate adaptation increases the overall user QoE achieved via a number of devices operating within the same home WLAN

Voice input/output capabilities at Perception Technology Corporation

Condensed resumes of key company personnel at the Perception Technology Corporation are presented. The staff possesses recognition, speech synthesis, speaker authentication, and language identification. Hardware and software engineers' capabilities are included

Green communication approach for the smart city using renewable energy systems

A smart city is an evolving Internet of Things (IoT) technique that links different digital gadgets via a network, offering several new services to the manufacturing and medical field to commerce. A smart city is an omnipresent and fundamental change that has altered the whole environment using Information Communication Technology (ICT) and sensor-enabled IoT gadgets. Renewable energy storage, the solar, wind, and distributed resources can be better integrated into the grid. The leading theory in the digital domain for improved and broad use of all the situations with high digital media accessibility (i.e., video, sound, words, and pictures), nevertheless it is challenging to talk freely about such small appliances because of resource constraints (starving power and battery capacity), and large quantities of the information. The green communication approach for the smart city (GCA-SC) is proposed in this article. Thus, using saved video streams to solve these difficulties is recommended by Hybrid Adaptation and Power Algorithms and Delay-tolerant Streamed Algorithms. A new architecture is similarly proposed for the smart city network. Empirical findings such as power drainage, battery capacity, latency, and bandwidth are acquired and evaluated. It was reached that, with less effort than Baseline, GCA-SC optimises energy drainage, the battery capacity, variance, power delivery ratio of the IoT compatible gadgets in the smart city environment. The simulation analysis of the proposed GCA-SC method enhances the packet delivery ratio of 39% and throughput of 99 kbps. It reduces the delay by 2.5 s and the standard deviation by −0.9 s.publishedVersio

Avoiding instabilities in short gap car-followings with connected autonomous vehicles

The image of driverless vehicles cruising on highways has been coming closer to reality over the last years thanks to the constant investigations in the technologies used in Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAV). Platooning of CAVs has been the focal point of investigations due to the potential benefits that can be reaped from the proper implementation of platoons on highways. One of the challenges facing the successful operation of platoons is the bullwhip phenomenon that causes propagating perturbations in platoons hindering its stability. The present study focuses on eliminating or reducing the bullwhip effect suffered by vehicles in a platoon. The aforementioned platoon algorithm will be governed by the formula of the Desired Space Gap (DSG) as followers will have to maintain a gap equal to the DSG to follow the leader. This algorithm managed to successfully carry out any increase or decrease in velocity of the platoon however, in the case of braking it has proved to be extremely unstable and suffers from effect of the bullwhip phenomenon. The average cumulative gap was used as a solution to trigger an instant response from all vehicles down the platoon to the actions of the leader as it was observed that vehicles in the end of the platoon tend to approach the leaders at high velocities because they only start decreasing their velocities once the vehicle ahead of them decelerates rather than the leader. This solution has been effective in significantly reducing the bullwhip effect on some vehicles in the platoon only, mainly the ones at the end of the platoon. Furthermore, this solution has given positive results only in cases of great changes in velocity

Practical applications of interactive voice technologies: Some accomplishments and prospects

A technology assessment of the application of computers and electronics to complex systems is presented. Three existing systems which utilize voice technology (speech recognition and speech generation) are described. Future directions in voice technology are also described

A CELLULAR AUTOMATA MODELS OF EVOLUTION OF TRANSPORTATION NETWORKS

We present a new approach to modelling o f transportation networks. Supply o f resources and their influence on the evolution o f the consuming environment is a principal problem considered. We present two concepts, which are based on cellular automata paradigm. In thefirst model SCAMAN {Simple CellularAutomata Model ofAnastomosing NetWork), the system is represented by a 2D mesh o f elementary cells. The rules o f interaction between them are introducedfor modelling of the waterflow and other phenomena connected with anastomosing river. Due to limitations o f SCAMAN model, we introduce a supplementary model. The MANGraCA {Model o fAnastomosing NetWork with Graph o f Cellular Automa ta) model beside the classical mesh o f automata, introduces an additional structure: the graph o f cellular automata, which represents the network pattern. Finally we discuss the prospective applications of the models. The concepts offuturę implementation are also presented

Distributed Efficient Similarity Search Mechanism in Wireless Sensor Networks

The Wireless Sensor Network similarity search problem has received considerable research attention due to sensor hardware imprecision and environmental parameter variations. Most of the state-of-the-art distributed data centric storage (DCS) schemes lack optimization for similarity queries of events. In this paper, a DCS scheme with metric based similarity searching (DCSMSS) is proposed. DCSMSS takes motivation from vector distance index, called iDistance, in order to transform the issue of similarity searching into the problem of an interval search in one dimension. In addition, a sector based distance routing algorithm is used to efficiently route messages. Extensive simulation results reveal that DCSMSS is highly efficient and significantly outperforms previous approaches in processing similarity search queries