In vitro Propagation of Adenia hondala (Gaertn.) de Wilde

Adenia hondala (Gaertn.) de Wilde belonging to the family Passifloraceae is a perennial climbing herb with potential medicinal value. The possibility of in vitro clonal propagation of Adenia hondala was investigated by the use of nodal explants cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of BAP and KN. Optimum treatment was the combination of 1 mg.L-1 BAP and 0.5 mg.L-1 KN that enhanced percent response of explants and the number of multiple shoots per explants. An average of 10.23 shoots per explants was resulted after 32 days of culture. In vitro shoots were elongated in MS medium supplemented with 1 mg.L-1 KN. Half strength MS medium supplemented with 1 mg.L-1 IBA was found to be the best medium for rooting. The rooted plantlets were gradually acclimated ex vitro in mist chamber and successfully established under field conditions with high survival rate

The Application of Two Steps Culture in Agarwood, Aquilaria malaccensis, In Vitro Culture Improves Microshoots Induction and Development

Agarwood (Aquilaria malaccensis) is an important species with high economic value and has many benefits, which led to an overexploitation in its natural habitat.  An effort to both provides sufficient seedling for agarwood cultivation and conservation is therefore much needed. This study has been carried out with a view to determine the effect of media types and BAP concentrations in two steps cultivation system on agarwood microshoot induction. This was a two stage-experiments i.e., microshoots induction and optimizing shoot development.  The research results showed that the interaction between different media type and BAP concentrations had no significant effect on agarwood microshoot induction.  Subsequent culture on MS media without any BAP addition showed that explant derived from MS medium solidified with 2.5 gr. L-1 Phytagel produced 2.36 ± 0.48 shoots/explant and 3.69 ± 1.16 leaves/explant.  In addition, explant derived from culture on MS medium supplemented with 4 µM BAP produced 2.28 ± 0.61 shoots/explant. This is for the first time the application of two steps culture system for Agarwood (Aquilaria malaccensis) has been deployed and how the habituation phenomenon is handled

MULTIPLIKASI TUNAS TANAMAN GAMBIR (Uncaria gambir (Hunter) Roxb.) MENGGUNAKAN BAP (Benzyl Amino Purine) SECARA IN VITRO

Gambir termasuk komoditas unggulan dari Sumatra Barat yang memiliki banyak manfaat dan sebagai sumber ekspor ke pasar dunia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan konsentrasi BAP (Benzyl Amino Purine) terbaik untuk multiplikasi tunas tanaman gambir. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan pada bulan April hingga Juni 2023 di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas. Percobaan disusun menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 4 taraf perlakuan konsentrasi BAP, dan diulang sebanyak 6 kali. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis menggukan uji F pada taraf 5% dan jika berbeda nyata dilanjutkan dengan Duncan Multipe Range Test (DMRT) pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi 2 ppm BAP merupakan konsentrasi terbaik untuk multiplikasi tunas tanaman gambir. Kata kunci : BAP, eksplan nodus, gambir, multiplikasi tuna

Banana Cultivars Microshoot Induction and Plantlet Formation Using Cytokinin and Auxin

Banana is a horticultural plant with very high potentials, which contains carbohydrates and vitamins that are useful in fulfilling people's food and nutritional needs. Hence, this study aims to produce superior banana seedlings and develop a protocol for their mass production using a plant in vitro culture technique. This was a two stage-experiment i.e. microshoot production and plantlet formation. The result showed that Gebyar cultivar produced more shoots than the Kepok Kuning cultivar, with an average of 4.25 microshoots explant-1. However, Kepok Kuning produced more leaves than Gebyar, with an average of 4.64 leaves plantlet-1. Banana shoots cultured on the media containing Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) at a concentration of 2.5 µM produced the highest leaves number. Meanwhile, those cultured on the media containing 1-Naphthalenesacetic acid (NAA) at a concentration of 7.5 µM produced the highest roots number. A Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) up to 30 µM and the one supplemented with 7.5 μM of NAA are suitable for Kepok Kuning and Gebyar cultivars micropropagation with regard to microshoot induction and plantlet formation, respectively

PERKECAMBAHAN BIJI GAREGEH (Cratoxylum formosum) SECARA IN VITRO PADA McCOWN’S WOODY PLANT MEDIUM DENGAN PENAMBAHAN BEBERAPA JENIS ZAT PENGATUR TUMBUH

Garegeh (Cratoxylum formosum) merupakan salah satu spesies tumbuhan berkayu dengan kategori LC (least concern) yang perlu untuk dilestarikan. Garegeh memiliki aktivitas farmakologis sebagai anti-kanker yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan kedepannya sebagai sumber obat-obatan. Kultur in vitro merupakan usaha perbanyakan paling efektif untuk tanaman garegeh. Penggunaan media kultur dan ZPT (Zat Pengatur Tumbuh) yang tepat akan meningkatkan keberhasilan perkecambahan garegeh secara in vitro. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis ZPT yang mampu memacu dan mempercepat perkecambahan biji garegeh secara in vitro. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Riset Fisiologi Tumbuhan, Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Andalas pada bulan Maret hingga Mei 2022. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan dan enam ulangan, yaitu tanpa ZPT (kontrol), 2 mg.L-1 BAP, 2 mg.L-1 IBA, dan 2 mg.L-1 GA3. Parameter yang diamati pada penelitian ini yaitu persentase biji berkecambah, waktu munculnya kecambah, panjang tunas, panjang akar dan morfologi kecambah. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa persentase perkecambahan biji tertinggi diamati pada media WPM dengan penambahan 2 mg.L-1 BAP. Sedangkan, WPM dengan penambahan 2 mg.L-1 GA3 menunjukan hasil terbaik pada hari pertama munculnya kecambah, panjang akar, panjang tunas dan morfologi kecambah

The Formula media in vitro Propagation and Conservation of Ludwigia sp.

The aquatic plant "Red Malang” (Ludwigia sp.) has a fairly high economic value as an ornamental aquatic plant, so it has the potential to be developed. The growth of in vitro cultures in culture bottles is high-speed, so it is necessary to find a formula media to inhibit growth so that the frequency of subcultures is reduced. The current research aims to produce a formula media for shoot multiplication and in vitro culture conservation. The research was carried out at the ICABIOGRAD tissue culture laboratory from April 2020 to June 2021. Research activities included plant propagation, conservation, and regeneration after conservation. Plant material was using in the form of a culture collection in the ICABIOGRAD tissue culture laboratory, treatment media for propagation were BA (0; 0.1; 0.3; 0.5; 0.7 and 0.9 mg/L) + thidiazuron (TDZ) (0 and 0.1mg/L). For conservation were MS + BA medium (0 and 0.1 mg/L) + paclobutrazol (0; 0.1; 0.3; 0.5; 0.7 mg/L) and for shoot regeneration after conservation using MS medium without Plant Growth Regulator (PGR). Data analysis using the Anova SAS version 9.0 test program. Further test using DMRT test with alpha level 5%. There was no difference in the mean value between levels of TDZ treatment on the number of shoots and leaves. The difference in the mean value between levels of TDZ treatment was very significant on shoot height, the number of roots, and root length. BA treatment with a concentration of 0.7 mg/L is better because it gives higher results for each observation variable. For conservation, treatment with paclobutrazol 0.5 mg/L inhibited shoot and leaf count, and 0.3 mg/L inhibited shoot formation. Cultures stored for six months grew normally after being regenerated. The highest shoots and the highest number of leaves were obtained from the treatment of paclobutrazol without BA. This study indicated that the propagation media of aquatic plants Ludwigia sp. did not require high concentrations of BA. Cultures could be stored for over six months using paclobutrazol with 0.3-0.6 mg/L.

Effect of cytokinin types, concentrations and their interactions on in vitro shoot regeneration of Chlorophytum borivilianum Sant. & Fernandez

Background: Chlorophytum borivilianum is a rare medicinal plant originally distributed throughout the forest of India. The tubers of C. borivilianum are used as an aphrodisiac and impotence supplement. The propagation of C. borivilianum is possible through seeds and tubers, but conventional methods may take several months. Hence in vitro technique of shoot regeneration could be an efficient alternative means of propagating the species. Latest study reported microtuberization of C. borivilianum but there is no sufficient study on a rapid method for shoot multiplication and elongation. Results: Young shoot buds of C. borivilianum were cultured on MS medium containing 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and Kinetin (Kn), both at 0, 8.88, 17.8 and 26.6 \u3bcM, either individually or in combinations. Proliferated shoots were subcultured on fresh medium of the same constituents on week 3 of culture for further shoot multiplication and elongation. BAP alone (8.88\u201326.6 \u3bcM) was significantly effective on shoot multiplication, while Kn alone (8.88\u201326.6 \u3bcM) was significantly effective on shoot elongation compared to the control containing MS basal medium without any plant growth regulator. However, combination of both cytokinins stimulated an interaction producing higher shoot number and shoot length compared to their individual application. Conclusions: The most suitable combination was 8.88 \u3bcM BAP + 8.88 \u3bcM Kn, reaching a mean shoot number of 10.83 and shoot length of 6.85 cm

In vitro mass multiplication of Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam var. Tekam yellow

A protocol for rapid micropropagation of Artocarpus heterophyllus from seeds of a single fruit was established. The seeds were successfully sterilised using 40% Clorox (20 min) + 20% Clorox (15 min) and 50% Clorox (20 min) + 20% Clorox (15 min). The survivability percentage was 44.44%, while the contamination percentage was 14.81%. Experiments to assess the effect of shoot tip and different node positions on shoot induction, and to test the effect of decapitation on shoot proliferation were performed. The explants used for both experiments were derived from 8-week-old seedlings grown in half-strength MS basal media supplemented with 2.5 mg/L BAP. There was no significant difference in terms of percentage of explants regenerating shoots and mean shoot number produced per explants. However, node 2 significantly produced the highest mean shoot length (2.53 cm). In the decapitation experiment, there was no significant difference in terms of percentage of explants regenerating shoots and mean shoot length. Nevertheless, decapitated shoots significantly produced the highest mean shoot number per explant (18.33). 2.5 mg/L BAP was chosen as the best treatment for shoot induction from seed with a mean shoot number of 7.33 and mean shoot length of 2.95 cm. For shoot multiplication, 1.0 mg/L BAP significantly produced the highest mean shoot number (17.13), while 5.0 mg/L BAP significantly produced the highest shoot length (2.95 cm). For rooting, IBA at 2.5 mg/L and 5.0 mg/L produced the highest mean root number at 18.73 and 17.27 respectively. The highest mean root length (3.37 cm) was significantly obtained in the control treatment. The plantlets were successfully acclimatised in a potting mixture consisting of top soil and organic soil (1:1) with 88.89% survival rate

The Induction of Shoots, Multiplication, and Rooting of Gyrinops Versteegii (Gilg.) Domke by in Vitro

Gyrinops versteegii (Gilg.) Domke is including one of superior agarwood-producing plants and naturally growing in Eastern Indonesia as Nusa Tenggara and Papua. Indonesia has been trading agarwood products both domestically and overseas which one of them is agarwood produced by G. versteegii. The purpose of this study was to develop an in vitro culture method for mass propagation of G. versteegii. Shoot induction conducted on MS medium supplemented with Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP) 0.7; 1.0; 1.5; and 2.0 mg/l. The multiplication of shoots conducted on MS medium supplemented with the best concentration of hormones Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP) from shoot induction phase. The rooting of shoots conducted on half strength MS medium supplemented with interaction of hormones Napthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) 0.01 mg/l with concentration of hormones Indole-3-Butyric Acid (IBA) 1.0; 2.0; 3.0; and 4.0 mg/l. Epicotyl explant with a given concentration level of the hormones BAP 0.7 mg/l produce the highest rates number of shoots and shoot length compared to other explant respectively 4.8 shoots and 0.41 cm within 6 weeks. The best explant developments in the best medium able to promote the growth of the length and number of shoots are 0.28 shoots and 0.3 cm within 4 weeks. Explants easiest, quickest and most high- sprouting ability as a factor of success in terms of multiplication is epicotyl. The combination treatment of material explant with concentration of BAP only affect to growth of shoots length. The combination treatment of hormone NAA with concentration of hormones IBA has no effect against root formation and growth root length