NASA SBIR abstracts of 1990 phase 1 projects

The research objectives of the 280 projects placed under contract in the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) 1990 Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase 1 program are described. The basic document consists of edited, non-proprietary abstracts of the winning proposals submitted by small businesses in response to NASA's 1990 SBIR Phase 1 Program Solicitation. The abstracts are presented under the 15 technical topics within which Phase 1 proposals were solicited. Each project was assigned a sequential identifying number from 001 to 280, in order of its appearance in the body of the report. The document also includes Appendixes to provide additional information about the SBIR program and permit cross-reference in the 1990 Phase 1 projects by company name, location by state, principal investigator, NASA field center responsible for management of each project, and NASA contract number

Design of a Wearable Ultrasound System

Ultrasound imaging is a safe and powerful tool for providing detailed still and moving images of the human body. Most of today’s ultrasound systems are housed on a movable cart and designed for use within a clinical setting, such as in a hospital or doctor’s office. This configuration hinders its use in locations lacking controlled environments and stable power sources. Example locations include ambulances, disaster sights, war zones and rural medicine. A wearable ultrasound system, in the form of a vest worn by a sonographer, has been developed as a complete solution for performing untethered ultrasound examinations. The heart of the system is an enclosure containing an embedded computer running the Windows XP operating system, and a custom power supply. The power supply integrates a battery charger, a switching regulator, two linear regulators, a variable speed fan controller and a microcontroller providing an interface for monitoring and control to the embedded computer. Operation of the system is generally accomplished through the use of voice commands, but it may also be operated using a hand-held mouse. It is capable of operating for a full day, using two batteries contained in the vest. In addition, the system has the capability to wirelessly share live images with remote viewers in real-time, while also permitting full duplex voice communication. An integrated web-server also provides for the wireless retrieval of stored images, image loops and other information using a web-browser

Design of a Wearable Ultrasound System

Ultrasound imaging is a safe and powerful tool for providing detailed still and moving images of the human body. Most of today’s ultrasound systems are housed on a movable cart and designed for use within a clinical setting, such as in a hospital or doctor’s office. This configuration hinders its use in locations lacking controlled environments and stable power sources. Example locations include ambulances, disaster sights, war zones and rural medicine. A wearable ultrasound system, in the form of a vest worn by a sonographer, has been developed as a complete solution for performing untethered ultrasound examinations. The heart of the system is an enclosure containing an embedded computer running the Windows XP operating system, and a custom power supply. The power supply integrates a battery charger, a switching regulator, two linear regulators, a variable speed fan controller and a microcontroller providing an interface for monitoring and control to the embedded computer. Operation of the system is generally accomplished through the use of voice commands, but it may also be operated using a hand-held mouse. It is capable of operating for a full day, using two batteries contained in the vest. In addition, the system has the capability to wirelessly share live images with remote viewers in real-time, while also permitting full duplex voice communication. An integrated web-server also provides for the wireless retrieval of stored images, image loops and other information using a web-browser

Aerospace Medicine and Biology: Cumulative index, 1979

This publication is a cumulative index to the abstracts contained in the Supplements 190 through 201 of 'Aerospace Medicine and Biology: A Continuing Bibliography.' It includes three indexes-subject, personal author, and corporate source

Research and Technology 1990

A brief but comprehensive review is given of the technical accomplishments of the NASA Lewis Research Center during the past year. Topics covered include instrumentation and controls technology; internal fluid dynamics; aerospace materials, structures, propulsion, and electronics; space flight systems; cryogenic fluids; Space Station Freedom systems engineering, photovoltaic power module, electrical systems, and operations; and engineering and computational support

Imaging Sensors and Applications

In past decades, various sensor technologies have been used in all areas of our lives, thus improving our quality of life. In particular, imaging sensors have been widely applied in the development of various imaging approaches such as optical imaging, ultrasound imaging, X-ray imaging, and nuclear imaging, and contributed to achieve high sensitivity, miniaturization, and real-time imaging. These advanced image sensing technologies play an important role not only in the medical field but also in the industrial field. This Special Issue covers broad topics on imaging sensors and applications. The scope range of imaging sensors can be extended to novel imaging sensors and diverse imaging systems, including hardware and software advancements. Additionally, biomedical and nondestructive sensing applications are welcome

Detection, Diagnosis and Prognosis: Contribution to the energy challenge: Proceedings of the Meeting of the Mechanical Failures Prevention Group

The contribution of failure detection, diagnosis and prognosis to the energy challenge is discussed. Areas of special emphasis included energy management, techniques for failure detection in energy related systems, improved prognostic techniques for energy related systems and opportunities for detection, diagnosis and prognosis in the energy field

Implementation of safe human robot collaboration for ultrasound guided radiation therapy

This thesis shows that safe human-robot-interaction and Human Robot Collaboration is possible for Ultrasound (US) guided radiotherapy. Via the chosen methodology, all components (US, optical room monitoring and robot) could be linked and integrated and realized in a realistic clinical workflow. US guided radiotherapy offers a complement and alternative to existing image-guided therapy approaches. The real-time capability of US and high soft tissue contrast allow target structures to be tracked and radiation delivery to be modulated. However, Ultrasound guided radiation therapy (USgRT) is not yet clinically established but is still under development, as reliable and safe methods of image acquisition are not yet available. In particular, the loss of contact of the US probe to the patient surface poses a problem for patient movements such as breathing. For this purpose, a Breathing and motion compensation (BaMC) was developed in this work, which together with the safe control of a lightweight robot represents a new development for USgRT. The developed BaMC can be used to control the US probe with contact to the patient. The conducted experiments have confirmed that a steady contact with the patient surface and thus a continuous image acquisition can be ensured by the developed methodology. In addition, the image position in space can be accurately maintained in the submillimeter range. The BaMC seamlessly integrates into a developed clinical workflow. The graphical user interfaces developed for this purpose, as well as direct haptic control with the robot, provide an easy interaction option for the clinical user. The developed autonomous positioning of the transducer represents a good example of the feasibility of the approach. With the help of the user interface, an acoustic plane can be defined and autonomously approached via the robot in a time-efficient and precise manner. The tests carried out show that this methodology is suitable for a wide range of transducer positions. Safety in a human-robot interaction task is essential and requires individually customized concepts. In this work, adequate monitoring mechanisms could be found to ensure both patient and staff safety. In collision tests it could be shown that the implemented detection measures work and that the robot moves into a safe parking position. The forces acting on the patient could thus be pushed well below the limits required by the standard. This work has demonstrated the first important steps towards safe robot-assisted ultrasound imaging, which is not only applicable to USgRT. The developed interfaces provide the basis for further investigations in this field, especially in the area of image recognition, for example to determine the position of the target structure. With the proof of safety of the developed system, first study in human can now follow