การใช้กระบวนการลำดับชั้นเชิงวิเคราะห์สำหรับการจัดลำดับอุปสรรค ของการประยุกต์ใช้เทคโนโลยีสารสนเทศสำหรับโซ่อุปทาน

บทคัดย่อ การวิจัยครั้งนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อจัดลำดับความสำคัญของอุปสรรคในการประยุกต์ใช้เทคโนโลยีสารสนเทศสำหรับโซ่อุปทาน โดยใช้กระบวนการลำดับชั้นเชิงวิเคราะห์ (Analytic Hierarchy Process: AHP) บริษัทกรณีศึกษา จำนวน 10 บริษัท แบ่งเป็นบริษัทในภาคการผลิต จำนวน 5 บริษัท และบริษัทในภาคบริการและการขาย จำนวน 5 บริษัท ซึ่งเป็นบริษัทที่เข้าร่วมโครงการส่งเสริมการใช้ระบบเทคโนโลยีสารสนเทศสนับสนุนงานด้านโลจิสติกส์ของสำนักโลจิสติกส์ กรมอุตสาหกรรมพื้นฐานและการเหมืองแร่ จากการศึกษาพบว่าลำดับความสำคัญของอุปสรรคของการประยุกต์ใช้เทคโนโลยีสารสนเทศสำหรับโซ่อุปทาน ในภาคการผลิตและบริการ ปัจจัยหลักที่มีความสำคัญเรียงจากมากไปน้อยคือ หลักเกณฑ์อุปสรรคด้านบุคคล อุปสรรคด้านโครงการ อุปสรรคด้านโซ่อุปทาน อุปสรรคด้านกลยุทธ์ และอุปสรรคด้านเทคโนโลยี ตามลำดับ โดยการขาดการฝึกอบรมและให้ความรู้ เป็นปัจจัยย่อยที่มีความสำคัญมากที่สุด รองลงมาคือ การจัดการโครงการไม่ดี ผลที่ได้นี้สามารถนำไปกำหนดแนวทางป้องกันและแก้ปัญหาของอุปสรรคที่อาจเกิดขึ้นต่อไปได้ คำสำคัญ: เทคโนโลยีสารสนเทศสำหรับโซ่อุปทาน อุปสรรค กระบวนการลำดับชั้นเชิงวิเคราะห์ ABSTRACT The objective of this research is to rank the barriers of supply chain information technology adoption by Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The case studies are ten companies that are divided into five companies in industrial sector and five companies in service and sale sector. These companies participate in a promotion of applying information technology project of logistics unit, the Bureau of Logistics Department, Department of Primary Industries and Mines. The result of this research shows the ranking of supply chain information technology adoption in both industrial and service sectors. The main criteria are ranked by decreasing order of individual barriers, project, supply chain, strategic and technological barriers. Inadequate knowledge and training are the most critical sub-criteria. Poor project management is the following important sub-criteria. These results can use to set the guideline for barrier prevention and solution to the problems, which might occur. Keyword: Supply Chain Information Technology, Barriers, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP

IOIS ADOPTION AND DIFFUSION A REVIEW OF PORT AND CARGO COMMUNITY SYSTEM LITERATURE

We investigate how Port and Cargo Community System (CS) adoption research has been operationalized with a Structured Literature Review approach to test whether CS adoption research has a different thematical and methodological focus than overall IS, specifically Inter-organizational Information System (IOIS) research. Despite drastic contextual changes, the dominant research paradigm and subsequently models used to investigate IS innovations\u27 adoption and diffusion mechanisms originated in the early times of computers and the internet. CS research’s different focus allows us to uncover that three underlying assumptions of the dominant paradigm should be challenged in increasingly complex environments, viz. the deterministic view on dependent variables, the independence of explanatory variables, and the independence of innovations from previous, related innovations. Our novel framework, which integrates these insights, can be used in future research and by practitioners to account for the increasing complexity of IS adoption and diffusion processes

What Drives and Hinders the Use of New e-Customs Systems in Developing Countries of Sub-Saharan Africa? An Empirical Study from Cameroon

While the adoption and replacement projects of e-government systems are increasing in developing countries, empirical research is rare. Moreover, studies on factors affecting user satisfaction of e-customs systems are limited. To fill the gap, this paper empirically investigates the e-customs system implemented by Korea and currently in operation in Cameroon, examining its facilitators and hindrances. This study marks a new approach to studying e-government systems as an ICT4D project in a developing country by creating and validating a newly developed model based on the UTAUT and the SQBT. An empirical study using a survey was conducted. Data were collected from internal and external users who had experienced both the old system (ASYCUDA++) and the new one (CAMCIS). Performance expectancy and uncertainty costs strongly affect the switching benefits and costs. Sunk costs have no significant impacts. The switching benefits and costs significantly influence the behavioral intention and user satisfaction regarding the system. The study adds value to the research fields of user resistance and IT/IS acceptance by conducting empirical research on e-customs systems implemented by a donor in a recipient country. The study gives insights to those policymakers, system developers and managers involved in ICT4D projects about the factors that are important to maximize the benefits and avoid the losses in using a new system

Digital Government Evolution: from Transformation to Contextualization

Abstract: The Digital Government landscape is continuously changing to reflect how governments are trying to find innovative digital solutions to social, economic, political and other pressures, and how they transform themselves in the process. Understanding and predicting such changes is important for policymakers, government executives, researchers and all those who prepare, make, implement or evaluate Digital Government decisions. This article argues that the concept of Digital Government evolves towards more complexity and greater contextualization and specialization, similar to evolution-like processes that lead to changes in cultures and societies. To this end, the article presents a four-stage Digital Government Evolution Model comprising Digitization (Technology in Government), Transformation (Electronic Government), Engagement (Electronic Governance) and Contextualization (Policy-Driven Electronic Governance) stages; provides some evidence in support of this model drawing upon the study of the Digital Government literature published in Government Information Quarterly between 1992 and 2014; and presents a Digital Government Stage Analysis Framework to explain the evolution. As the article consolidates a representative body of the Digital Government literature, it could be also used for defining and integrating future research in the area. Keyword

User Experiences on Communication Toolboxes in Governmental Agencies and Multi-government Organizations

Customs practitioners have the need to communicate efficiently with their colleagues in an international context frequently. Numerous platforms have been developed but the overall user experience has not been studied until now. This thesis work delivers the results of the empirical study addressing the user experience of communication toolboxes, collaborative ICT tools, software, and applications that customs practitioners use in their operations and daily work. The work has been based on the request by the PEN-CP project (Pan-European Network of Customs Practitioners). This is the first time that the overall user experience of different communication platforms has been studied in this context and the results of this work will help in the development of new communication software. Due to the ongoing COVID19 pandemic, it was not possible to conduct the studies on-site and online interviews with the GoToMeeting program were conducted with the objective of discovering UX problems and in a later stage, through qualitative analysis, with the Atlas.Ti program, proposing solutions. Finally, considering the analyzed data a prototype was implemented with Figma. The results contain three categories of problems related to the users’ experience when using their dedicated software: important features that work well and should therefore be included in the next version of communication tools, features that cause problems of different sorts and should be improved and other problems that need further analysis to propose a solution. This work has uncovered generic UX problems, that are common to these organizations but in future work it is advisable to isolate each organization to understand at a deeper level their work process by conducting contextual inquiry and task analysis, for example

Business Strategies for ASEAN\u27s Single Window in Southeast Asia

Since the Asian Financial Crisis of 1997 and the Global Financial Crisis of 2007, members of the Association of Southeast Asia Nations (ASEAN) have sought to strengthen ASEAN\u27s regional economies through a digital trade project known as the ASEAN Single Window (ASW). The purpose of this case study was to explore the business strategies that multinational organizational leaders used to overcome business barriers while implementing ASEAN partnership contracts and ASW region-wide projects. This study may be unique in that, at the time of this research, there was no published study in which researchers had explored a single window for a vast, multination geographical region. Data collection was done via in-depth interviews with ASW executives, studying online ASW-related conferences, and examining relevant strategic documents. A 6-phase thematic analysis process based on methodological triangulation corroborated the data and addressed construct validity through data familiarization, generating initial coding, categorizing codes and searching for themes, breaking codes into subcategories, data reduction and defining and naming themes, and report generation. The 4 strategic themes that emerged were business models and processes, public-private partnerships, project management methodologies, and overlapping themes. The findings offer insights into ways to overcome the ASW\u27s constraints and barriers. These strategic themes developed into a list of critical success factors and a summary list of principle business strategies and best practices. The implication for social change is a regionally collaborative trading environment providing potential economic options that not only impede the deterioration of the regional social fabric but support new opportunities such as trade liberalization and economic stability

Users’ experience of e-government services: a case study based on the Nigeria immigration service

The aim of this thesis is to contribute to a better understanding of users’ experience of e-government services in developing countries through a study of a specific e-government service, the Nigeria Immigration Service (NIS) portal. This thesis therefore encompasses both the users’ experience of e-government services and effect of the digital divide in the use of e-government services. The NIS portal was chosen as the context for this study because it is the most well-developed e-government service in Nigeria. Those seeking to travel in and out of the country have no option but to use it regardless of whether they are currently living in Nigeria. Given the importance of profiling a significant number of users to support the investigation of relationships between variables, and the geographic scatter of the respondents, snowball sampling was used for the questionnaire survey used to collect the data. The questionnaire design and subsequent analysis was informed by previous research and theory in the fields of customer satisfaction, service quality, technology adoption and the digital divide. 351 completed questionnaires were collected and analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and Analysis of a Moment Structures (AMOS) Software. All respondents identified themselves as having used the NIS portal, with 50% reporting their main place of residence as Nigeria, and the remainder being resident in other countries. The analysis of descriptive statistics and the responses to the open questions and statements used in the questionnaire suggested that the respondents had a low level of satisfaction with the NIS website, with much of their concern stemming from issues pertaining to security, support and trustworthiness. There were also concerns documented regarding the safety of personal and financial data. They also mentioned significant issues with the ease of use of the website and its quality. Nonetheless, users valued the quality of the content and information available through the portal and were positive about its convenience and potential to deliver benefits. In terms of usage barriers, the most significant is Nigeria’s intermittent electricity supply, closely followed by the high cost of internet access, both of which pose a particular challenge, given the high rate of unemployment in Nigeria. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to generate an e-government user experience scale confirming the importance of dimensionsidentified by other researchers, as well as identifying new factors. These were: security and support, content and information, ease of use, benefits, barriers, convenience, trust and website quality. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used to investigate the relationships between these factors. Content and information were found to have a significant effect on ease of use and convenience. Website quality was found to have a significant effect on ease of use, security and support. The website’s ease of use was found to have a significant effect on barriers and convenience to have a significant effect on perceived benefits. Meanwhile, security and support was found to have a significant effect on trustworthiness. Barriers and benefits as well as trustworthiness were all found to have a significant effect on user satisfaction. Demographic statistics supported hypotheses testing on the digital divide in the use of e-government services. Demographic (age, education, gender and income), social-economic (employment) and geographic (location: rural and urban, developing and developed countries) factors affected the e-government users’ internet experience, their access to computing facilities and their e-government experience thus confirming that a digital divide exists amongst NIS portal users. This research makes a number of contributions. Firstly, it is one of a very few significant studies to explore user experience of an e-government portal in a major developing country. As a result, it has brought to light important concerns regarding users’ security, privacy and trustworthiness as they relate to their personal information. Secondly, it compares users both inside and outside the country, thereby offering unique insights on the digital divide. Finally, it proposes an e-government user-experience model that identifies the relationships between the various factors that contribute to user satisfaction. Suggestions are offered for practitioners, e-government policymakers and researchers