Concern for information privacy:a cross-nation study of the United Kingdom and South Africa

Individuals have differing levels of information privacy concern, formed by their expectations and the confidence they have that organisations meet this in practice. Variance in privacy laws and national factors may also play a role. This study analyses individuals’ information privacy expectation and confidence across two nations, the United Kingdom and South Africa, through a survey of 1463 respondents. The findings indicate that the expectation for privacy in both countries are very high. However, numerous significant differences exist between expectations and confidence when examining privacy principles. The overall results for both countries show that there is a gap in terms of the privacy expectations of respondents compared to the confidence they have in whether organisations are meeting their expectations. Governments, regulators, and organisations with an online presence need to consider individuals’ expectations and ensure that controls that meet regulatory requirements, as well as expectations, are in place

Investigating Mode Choice of Ridesourcing Services: Accounting for Attitudes and Market Segmentation

The phenomenal development of ridesourcing is possibly one of the greatest revolutions that have happened to transportation networks. Ridesourcing improves mobility and mitigates traffic congestion by reducing vehicle ownership and serving as a first/last-mile feeder to public transportation. This tremendous growth created a burgeoning literature exploring ridesourcing users\u27 characteristics, yet there is no clear picture of its market. In the absence of sufficient information, policymakers face a major challenge in planning equitable and accessible transportation systems. This dissertation presents a detailed analysis of individuals’ decisions to adopt ridesourcing, focusing on three main objectives that have not been addressed previously. First, a reduced fare of ridesourcing was considered to explore its adoption beyond cost constraints. Second, the effect of attitudes on the choice of ridesourcing was explored. Lastly, the adoption of ridesourcing across various market segments was examined. Advanced economic models were applied to the data from a stated preference survey, which is a rich database of attitudes and mobility patterns. The results indicate that attitudes play a major role in the adoption of ridesourcing and considering the impact of attitudinal factors could provide valuable insights into individuals’ behavior toward ridesourcing. It was shown that attitudinal factors (e.g., technology-savviness, driving enjoyment) could explain individuals\u27 choice behavior in a way that cannot be clarified by socioeconomic and demographic factors. The market segment-based analysis of ridesourcing adoption demonstrated that different segments have distinct perceptions and attitudes toward ridesourcing. For instance, for regular transit users, travel time and cost perceptions are decisive factors in adopting ridesourcing. In contrast, visitors (i.e., auto users when their vehicle is unavailable) will adopt ridesourcing when it provides higher utility regarding time, cost, and convenience. Moreover, regarding the impact of ridesourcing experience on the adoption of these services, it was shown that individuals with no ridesourcing experience are more sensitive to traveling with strangers, worry about the higher travel time, and are more attached to their vehicles. Finally, considering the role of generational effects on ridesourcing adoption, it was shown that Generation Xers\u27 choice highly depends on the perceived utility of shared mobility and their desires for mobility for non-drivers features. Contrarily, Millennials’ choices are more likely to be affected by their preference toward technology and driving stress relief

Contemporary Research on Management and Business

This book contains 74 selected papers presented at the 5th International Seminar of Contemporary Research on Business and Management (ISCRBM 2021), which was organized by the Alliance of Indonesian Master of Management Program (APMMI) and held in Jakarta, Indonesia on 18 December 2021. This online conference was hosted by the Master of Management Program of Indonesia University. This year, ISCRBM focused on research related to driving sustainable business through innovation. Business has had to deal with the Covid-19 pandemic, so a new approach towards managing business to survive competition is indispensable. Innovation is the key for all organizations in surviving in the new normal and beyond. The Seminar aimed to provide a forum for leading scholars, academics, researchers, and practitioners in the business and management area to reflect on the issues, challenges and opportunities, and to share the latest innovative research and best practices. This seminar brought together participants to exchange ideas on the future development of management disciplines: human resource, marketing, operation, finance, strategic management and entrepreneurship

Understanding consumer behaviour regarding sustainability in the food sector:The role of meat reduction and protein alternatives.

The need to better understand and shift current consumer behaviour towards more sustainable food consumption habits is imperative for achieving a more food secure future. Increasingly, consumers are encouraged to reduce consumption of animal-sourced protein and transition towards a wider array of protein sources to alleviate associated environmental pressures and to address public health issues. Yet, the success of a protein transition is partly underpinned by consumer acceptance towards alternative products and changes to consumption habits. Considering the multifaceted nature of sustainability and the complexity of food choice behaviour, it is important to target and explore the influence of certain variables on consumer behaviour to inform behavioural change strategies. Addressing growing sustainability concerns, this thesis understood consumer perceptions, motivations and attitudes towards sustainable food, specifically focusing on consumer acceptance towards meat reduction and a range of protein alternatives (i.e., plant-based meat substitutes, edible insects, cultured meat) some of which are comparatively under-explored (i.e., plant-based seafood, cultured seafood and precision fermented dairy). It also reviewed some of the key variables likely to influence sustainable food behaviours, specifically socio-demographic (i.e., age and gender), socio-cultural (i.e., comparing Australian, Chinese and UK consumers) and psychological factors (i.e., food neophobia, meat attachment, personality traits). Different data collection techniques were utilised to explore these variables, including; focus group discussions, online surveys and sensory evaluations. In addition, a basic machine learning technique (i.e., regression tree analysis) was applied to analyse complex datasets. Overall, important insights on the socio-demographic, cultural and psychological factors influencing consumer behaviour regarding sustainable foods were discovered. For example, Australians, especially those aged 35-54 were more attached to meat and were significantly less willing to reduce and adopt alternatives compared to Chinese and UK consumers. Conversely, Chinese females were more attached to meat, with Chinese males more willing to reduce meat and adopt alternatives. The opposite trend was found in the UK, with males more attached to meat and less willing to reduce and adopt alternatives. Differences in acceptance towards protein alternative type was also apparent. Specifically, Australians were more willing to adopt edible insects, whereas Chinese and UK consumers were more willing to adopt plant-based meat substitutes. Moreover, consumers associated with high meat attachment were lower in the personality trait neuroticism in the UK and Australia and higher in neuroticism in China. Results also provide an improved understanding of the differing motivations, barriers and attribute trade off’s consumers face when considering meat reduction and the acceptance of protein alternatives. In general, food safety and the environmental benefits were the most important motives irrespective of cultural backgrounds. However, the magnitude of importance differed for some protein alternative types. For example, Chinese consumers rated food safety as more important in the context of accepting edible insects. In terms of barriers towards meat reduction and protein alternatives, the mindsets of extremely unwilling consumers, which are a currently under-explored cohort, were reviewed. Open-ended responses related to the belief that meat consumption is necessary for health reasons and that protein alternatives are Unnecessary, Unappealing, Unnatural, Unsafe, Unhealthy and Unsustainable. Findings contributed to the current literature in the field of sustainable consumer food behaviour and extended findings by considering gaps in the research field. Particularly, novel aspects related to the comparisons between a range of protein alternatives and between western and non-western consumers. It also considered novel technologies (i.e., precision fermented dairy) including within a sensory tasting (i.e., ‘hypothetical’ precision fermented yoghurt). This thesis also reviewed under-explored psychological associations (i.e., meat attachment and personality traits) and consumer cohorts (i.e., extremely unwilling consumers). Subsequently, results highlight the need to include country-specific meat reduction strategies, which include appropriate protein alternatives, applicable to specific consumer-segments. The suggestions provided in relation to how best to support protein transitions are therefore of interest to the wider food industry, policy makers and fellow researchers

Understanding consumer behaviour regarding sustainability in the food sector:The role of meat reduction and protein alternatives.

The need to better understand and shift current consumer behaviour towards more sustainable food consumption habits is imperative for achieving a more food secure future. Increasingly, consumers are encouraged to reduce consumption of animal-sourced protein and transition towards a wider array of protein sources to alleviate associated environmental pressures and to address public health issues. Yet, the success of a protein transition is partly underpinned by consumer acceptance towards alternative products and changes to consumption habits. Considering the multifaceted nature of sustainability and the complexity of food choice behaviour, it is important to target and explore the influence of certain variables on consumer behaviour to inform behavioural change strategies. Addressing growing sustainability concerns, this thesis understood consumer perceptions, motivations and attitudes towards sustainable food, specifically focusing on consumer acceptance towards meat reduction and a range of protein alternatives (i.e., plant-based meat substitutes, edible insects, cultured meat) some of which are comparatively under-explored (i.e., plant-based seafood, cultured seafood and precision fermented dairy). It also reviewed some of the key variables likely to influence sustainable food behaviours, specifically socio-demographic (i.e., age and gender), socio-cultural (i.e., comparing Australian, Chinese and UK consumers) and psychological factors (i.e., food neophobia, meat attachment, personality traits). Different data collection techniques were utilised to explore these variables, including; focus group discussions, online surveys and sensory evaluations. In addition, a basic machine learning technique (i.e., regression tree analysis) was applied to analyse complex datasets. Overall, important insights on the socio-demographic, cultural and psychological factors influencing consumer behaviour regarding sustainable foods were discovered. For example, Australians, especially those aged 35-54 were more attached to meat and were significantly less willing to reduce and adopt alternatives compared to Chinese and UK consumers. Conversely, Chinese females were more attached to meat, with Chinese males more willing to reduce meat and adopt alternatives. The opposite trend was found in the UK, with males more attached to meat and less willing to reduce and adopt alternatives. Differences in acceptance towards protein alternative type was also apparent. Specifically, Australians were more willing to adopt edible insects, whereas Chinese and UK consumers were more willing to adopt plant-based meat substitutes. Moreover, consumers associated with high meat attachment were lower in the personality trait neuroticism in the UK and Australia and higher in neuroticism in China. Results also provide an improved understanding of the differing motivations, barriers and attribute trade off’s consumers face when considering meat reduction and the acceptance of protein alternatives. In general, food safety and the environmental benefits were the most important motives irrespective of cultural backgrounds. However, the magnitude of importance differed for some protein alternative types. For example, Chinese consumers rated food safety as more important in the context of accepting edible insects. In terms of barriers towards meat reduction and protein alternatives, the mindsets of extremely unwilling consumers, which are a currently under-explored cohort, were reviewed. Open-ended responses related to the belief that meat consumption is necessary for health reasons and that protein alternatives are Unnecessary, Unappealing, Unnatural, Unsafe, Unhealthy and Unsustainable. Findings contributed to the current literature in the field of sustainable consumer food behaviour and extended findings by considering gaps in the research field. Particularly, novel aspects related to the comparisons between a range of protein alternatives and between western and non-western consumers. It also considered novel technologies (i.e., precision fermented dairy) including within a sensory tasting (i.e., ‘hypothetical’ precision fermented yoghurt). This thesis also reviewed under-explored psychological associations (i.e., meat attachment and personality traits) and consumer cohorts (i.e., extremely unwilling consumers). Subsequently, results highlight the need to include country-specific meat reduction strategies, which include appropriate protein alternatives, applicable to specific consumer-segments. The suggestions provided in relation to how best to support protein transitions are therefore of interest to the wider food industry, policy makers and fellow researchers

Forty Years After Combahee: Feminist Scholars and Activists Engage the Movement for Black Lives: NWSA's 38th Annual Conference

Digital program for the National Women's Studies Association 38th Annual Conference, held November 16-19, 2017, in Baltimore, Maryland