Multidisciplinary perspectives on Artificial Intelligence and the law

This open access book presents an interdisciplinary, multi-authored, edited collection of chapters on Artificial Intelligence (‘AI’) and the Law. AI technology has come to play a central role in the modern data economy. Through a combination of increased computing power, the growing availability of data and the advancement of algorithms, AI has now become an umbrella term for some of the most transformational technological breakthroughs of this age. The importance of AI stems from both the opportunities that it offers and the challenges that it entails. While AI applications hold the promise of economic growth and efficiency gains, they also create significant risks and uncertainty. The potential and perils of AI have thus come to dominate modern discussions of technology and ethics – and although AI was initially allowed to largely develop without guidelines or rules, few would deny that the law is set to play a fundamental role in shaping the future of AI. As the debate over AI is far from over, the need for rigorous analysis has never been greater. This book thus brings together contributors from different fields and backgrounds to explore how the law might provide answers to some of the most pressing questions raised by AI. An outcome of the Católica Research Centre for the Future of Law and its interdisciplinary working group on Law and Artificial Intelligence, it includes contributions by leading scholars in the fields of technology, ethics and the law.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

NL ARMS Netherlands Annual Review of Military Studies 2020

This open access volume surveys the state of the field to examine whether a fifth wave of deterrence theory is emerging. Bringing together insights from world-leading experts from three continents, the volume identifies the most pressing strategic challenges, frames theoretical concepts, and describes new strategies. The use and utility of deterrence in today’s strategic environment is a topic of paramount concern to scholars, strategists and policymakers. Ours is a period of considerable strategic turbulence, which in recent years has featured a renewed emphasis on nuclear weapons used in defence postures across different theatres; a dramatic growth in the scale of military cyber capabilities and the frequency with which these are used; and rapid technological progress including the proliferation of long-range strike and unmanned systems. These military-strategic developments occur in a polarized international system, where cooperation between leading powers on arms control regimes is breaking down, states widely make use of hybrid conflict strategies, and the number of internationalized intrastate proxy conflicts has quintupled over the past two decades. Contemporary conflict actors exploit a wider gamut of coercive instruments, which they apply across a wider range of domains. The prevalence of multi-domain coercion across but also beyond traditional dimensions of armed conflict raises an important question: what does effective deterrence look like in the 21st century? Answering that question requires a re-appraisal of key theoretical concepts and dominant strategies of Western and non-Western actors in order to assess how they hold up in today’s world. Air Commodore Professor Dr. Frans Osinga is the Chair of the War Studies Department of the Netherlands Defence Academy and the Special Chair in War Studies at the University Leiden. Dr. Tim Sweijs is the Director of Research at The Hague Centre for Strategic Studies and a Research Fellow at the Faculty of Military Sciences of the Netherlands Defence Academy in Breda

Metaphors of the child's mind : teaching philosophy to young children

SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre-DSC:DXN026601 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

Communication management: Theory and practice in the 21st century

The current volume “Communication Management: Theory and Practice in the 21st Century” consists of the articles presented at the international scientific conference of the same name, which was held in Sofia in June 2019. The event was organized by the Faculty of Journalism and Mass Communication at the Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, in cooperation with the ECREA Central and East European Network and the CEECOM Consortium.Both the scientific forum and the current volume are dedicated to an important anniversary for the Bulgarian scientific and academic community – 45 years of the founding of the Faculty of Journalism and Mass Communication (FJMC) at the Sofia University as an independent academic unit with the aim to educate students in the fields of social communication, journalism and media

A portfolio of work on stigma, personality disorder and counselling psychology

The present study aimed to explore the discourse around personality disorder (PD) (II) and reveal its nature, functions and implications. The epistemological orientation ofthe work was social constructionist and the research method employed a form ofFoucauldian discourse analysis. Through the examination of a variety oftexts taken from a pre-defined time period, the research explored how the object 'personality disorder' was constructed at a particular moment in history in a sample ofprofessional, cultural and political texts (academic journal articles, broadsheet and tabloid press articles, parliamentary debates published in Hansard). Constructions and discourses exemplified were shown to prescribe particular positions for individuals with personality disorder, which were, more often than not, limiting and served to close down opportunities for action and experience for these individuals. It is argued that the largely disempowering constructions exemplified in the research both reflect, and contribute to, the stigmatisation, negative discrimination, rejection and exclusion expenenced by people with personality disorder and can have a profoundly damaging effect on their mental health and their care. The research emphasises the importance ofa critical awareness ofthe power ofdiscourse in counselling psychology theory and practice and highlights ,the unique role of counselling psychologists (as agents ofpsychological treatment, as important sources of education, learning, and supervision, as researchers) as providing an opportunity, through future discourse, to reach a wide range ofindividuals and so have the potential to bring about positive change in the lives of individuals with personality disorde

Pseudo National Security System of Health in Indonesia

ABstRACt Adolescence is a crucial period where one tends to identify who they are as an individual. However, as a teenager is struggling to find his/her place in this world, it is also a time where they are prone to engaging in risk behaviors, which tend to have an extreme psychological impact. The objective was to explore the experiences of an adolescent who engages in risk behaviors and to understand their level of personal fables. The study was a qualitative design with content analysis with semi-structured interviews of ten male adolescents aged 16-18 years. The major findings of the study indicated that adolescent’s pattern of thinking revolves around the fact that they are invincible and invulnerable. Furthermore, adolescents are aware of the risks they are putting themselves through and how in the process they are hurting others. The implications of the study are to conduct more life skill programs in schools; greater awareness has to be created on the impact and harmful effects of such behaviors