12 research outputs found
Discovering Fuzzy Association Rules from Patient's Daily Text Messages to Diagnose Melancholia
With the constant stress from work load and daily life
people may show symptoms of melancholia. However, most
people are reluctant to describe it or may not know that they
already have it. In this paper a novel system is proposed to
discover clues from patientâs interaction with psychologist or
from self-recorded voice or text messages. A user friendly
interface is provided for patients to input text messages or record
a voice file by mobile phones or other input devices. A speech-totext
conversion software is used to convert voice mails to simple
text files in advance. Based on the text files, a data mining model
is used to discover frequent keywords mentioned in the text or
speech files. The association rules can be used to help
psychologists diagnose patientsâ degree of melancholia.
Experimental results show that the proposed system can
effectively discover melancholia keywords
Discovering Fuzzy Association Rules from Patient's Daily Text Messages to Diagnose Melancholia
With the constant stress from work load and daily life
people may show symptoms of melancholia. However, most
people are reluctant to describe it or may not know that they
already have it. In this paper a novel system is proposed to
discover clues from patientâs interaction with psychologist or
from self-recorded voice or text messages. A user friendly
interface is provided for patients to input text messages or record
a voice file by mobile phones or other input devices. A speech-totext
conversion software is used to convert voice mails to simple
text files in advance. Based on the text files, a data mining model
is used to discover frequent keywords mentioned in the text or
speech files. The association rules can be used to help
psychologists diagnose patientsâ degree of melancholia.
Experimental results show that the proposed system can
effectively discover melancholia keywords
Discovering Fuzzy Association Rules from Patient's Daily Text Messages to Diagnose Melancholia
With the constant stress from work load and daily life
people may show symptoms of melancholia. However, most
people are reluctant to describe it or may not know that they
already have it. In this paper a novel system is proposed to
discover clues from patientâs interaction with psychologist or
from self-recorded voice or text messages. A user friendly
interface is provided for patients to input text messages or record
a voice file by mobile phones or other input devices. A speech-totext
conversion software is used to convert voice mails to simple
text files in advance. Based on the text files, a data mining model
is used to discover frequent keywords mentioned in the text or
speech files. The association rules can be used to help
psychologists diagnose patientsâ degree of melancholia.
Experimental results show that the proposed system can
effectively discover melancholia keywords
Content and Psychology
The theoretical underpinnings and practical worth of content-based, intentional, or "folk" psychology have been challenged by three distinct groups of philosophical critics in the past 15 years or so. The first group, comprised by Hilary Putnam, Tyler Burge, and other advocates of "wide" or "externalist" theories of meaning, claims that traditional psychologists have been mistaken in assuming that our beliefs, desires, and other content-laden states supervene on or inhere in our individual minds or brains. The other two groups are both "eliminative materialists," who charge that the intentional approach is inadequate and that it can or will be replaced by a completely non-interpretive discipline: either neuropsychology, in the view of Patricia and Paul Churchland, or a strictly syntactic computational psychology, according to Stephen Stich. ;This dissertation defends "notional world" or narrow intentional psychology against these charges, primarily on the strength of its practical merits, in contrast to the limitations and adverse effects of the proposed alternatives. Psychology is at least partly an applied science with a mandate to help understand and treat concrete psychological problems such as Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and depression, I argue, so any theorist who proposes to reconfigure or phase out existing approaches must be prepared to take over these duties with at least equal facility. However, whereas various "narrow" schools of psychotherapy such as Cognitive Therapy are fairly successful in this regard and show every indication of continuing to be needed for the foreseeable future, the Syntactic Theory seems to show very poor promise of being able to help relieve the distress of people with psychological disturbances, while a purely neurobiological approach is inappropriate in many cases, and tends to cause a variety of untoward and dangerous side-effects. As for the "wide" theorists with their emphasis upon the social and environmental contributions to meaning: they must acknowledge that a good deal of content is in the head; and, more importantly, by focusing on the role of the "experts" in a society's language-game, they miss the whole point of a psychological attribution, which is to understand an individual's reasons--however idiosyncratic--for acting as he or she does
Dementia Praecox or the Group of Schizophrenias
"Our literature is replete with complaints about the chaotic state of the systematics of psychoses and every psychiatrist knows that it is impossible to come to any common understanding on the basis of the old diagnostic labels. ... Thus, not even the masters of science can make themselves understood on the basis of the old concepts and with many patients the number of diagnoses made equals the number of institutions they have been too. ... Errors are the greatest obstacles to the progress of science; to correct such errors is of more practical value than to achieve new knowledge. We have here eliminated chaos of terms behind which useful concepts of disease were mistakenly sought; we have eliminated a veritable forest of boundary posts, not one of which indicated any natural line of demarcation. ... By the term âdementia praecoxâ or âschizophreniaâ we designate a group of psychoses whose course is at times chronic, at times marked by intermittent attacks, and which can stop or retrograde at any stage, but does not permit a full restitutio ad integrum. The disease is characterized by a specific type of alteration of thinking, feeling, and relation to the external world which appears nowhere else in this particular fashion."
Eugen Bleuler. Dementia Praecox or the Group of Schizophrenias. Translated by Joseph Zinkin. International Universities Press, New York, 1950
OPTIMIZING HYBRIDISM: A CRITIQUE OF NATURALIST, NORMATIVIST AND PHENOMENOLOGICAL ACCOUNTS OF DISEASE IN THE PHILOSOPHY OF MEDICINE
This dissertation represents an investigative critique of the philosophical approaches to defining health and disease, going beyond pure conceptual analysis and straight into historical-philosophical analysis in an attempt to unpack the very discourse which underpins the discussion. Drawing on the notion of language as a medium of social instruction, it problematizes various specific features of the debateâs intellectual format, for example pointing out that its preoccupation with linguistic precision ought to be replaced with a focus on expressing the complex multidimensional nature of disease in a relatable manner. After presenting evidence of clinical reasoningâs inherent susceptibility to bias, the thesis exposes naturalismâs historical roots as an ideologically driven counter-reaction to nineteenth century vitalism, thereby discrediting the ideal of neutrality. Despite this skeptical start, it rejects eliminativist positions that philosophical attempts to produce health/disease definitions are pointless and unnecessary, and argues that the debate needs to be maintained due to such discussionsâ important implications for medical and social identities, patient narratives, the negotiation of treatment objectives, or even the effectiveness of public health programmes (as a populationâs inclination to comply with state-mandated public health measures is directly influenced by the notions it holds about health and disease). This is followed by an exploration of the conceptual limitations faced by the most commonly applied strategies of defining disease, after which their advantages are re-combined in an optimized hybrid account of disease supported by a philosophical distinction between the categories of âsymptomsâ and âclinical signsâ. Finally, this account is tested on a wide range of problematic cases, to ensure its capacity to deliver the promised results whilst also overcoming challenging influences such as the ones posed by bias, discursively shaped diagnostic labels, or unwarranted pathologization
Object relations middle group and attachment theory : gender development, spousal abuse and qualitative research on youth crime.
The basis to Freud's view that men and women are essentially separate entities with
their own unique psychological construction and human potential which arises from
their anatomical differences, will be challenged from the paradigm of object relations
theory and related research from attachment theory. It will be argued that while a
substantive understanding of gender development and the related issue of spousal
abuse are influenced by such important factors as patriarchal domination, social
oppression, socialized roles, and economic inequality between the sexes, these forces
are considered to have a secondary psychological effect when compared with the
formative influence of early object relations. The object relational paradigm to be
outlined is that it is the distinctive emotional impact of the contents and attitudes that
occur between the members of each family that establish the blueprints for subsequent
feelings about oneself and others, from which particular relational patterns with
others are pursued and acted upon within the larger social structure.
Freud may be credited for his recognition and pioneering systematic investigation into
the central importance of the unconscious in the development and functioning of
human beings. Beyond this being a theoretical entity that is devoid of any scientific
rigour which cannot be tested, proven, and therefore accepted as a legitimate
therapeutic modality, information will be offered that suggests otherwise.
Spousal relationships in which abuse constitutes a chronic pattern of interaction
between the persons involved is understood to occur within contemporary North
American society as a collusive arrangement between two emotionally impaired
individuals. The argument will be made that they enter into an unconscious dialogue
wherein each perpetrates and perpetuates the hopes and disappointments of their own
and their partner's past intrapsychic relational experiences.
Incarceration alone does not serve the emotional needs of young offenders, but
instead, generally provides conditions which advance what is accepted, within this
paper, to be a frequently disturbed psychic structure. The emphasis within the
Canadian correctional system seems to emphasize incarceration over rehabilitation
with the expectation that punishing those who break the law will result in an
abstention from such acts in the future. The argument will be presented that in
addition to ensuring public safety through imprisonment for some, there is mounting
evidence which demonstrates the success of treatment programmes both within and
outside of correctional institutions for those who break the law, and whose primary
emphasis is on treatment and rehabilitation rather than detention and retribution.
Contrary to therapeutic intervention being carried out as an adjunct to existing penal
institutions, or that it be directed principally at the conscious acquisition of skills and
information, it is proposed that such efforts are best administered within
2
comprehensive therapeutic environments. Further, it will be argued that rather than
the previous and current emphasis which is directed primarily at a cognitive and
behavioural level of the offender, it is the emotional foundation of the individual
which has a direct influence on their long-term behaviour. Therefore, this aspect
should constitute a fundamental component of the treatment program for the forensic
patient for which psychoanalytic psychotherapy may play an important role
Discourses in asylum seeking: An application of the Victim Diamond model to the Diciotti case
This research moves from two assumptions. First, refugeesâ narratives, when they are spoken out, almost always, refer to and are in dialogue âwith other society â shaping storiesâ (Shuman, 2012, p.140) which works as already familiar scripts, available to them to shape their experience. Second, among these available narratives, the refugee trauma discourse occupies a privileged position. By establishing a linear, causal-reductive relationship between external events and intrapsychic consequences, the trauma discourse gives for granted that all those who passed through painful occurrences will be traumatised, oversimplifying the complexity of asylum and undermining its political meaning. The refugee trauma discourse has, also, serious impact on refugeesâ health because - by victimising individuals â their agency, resilience and their processes of self-healing are seriously prevented.
Given the above, the aims of this research are threefold. First, showing that when talking about refugees, the actors cannot avoid playing the roles of to the victim, the persecutor, and the saviour, where refugees are positioned either as the victim - the traumatised refugee, or the persecutor â the refugee as a threat. I will suggest that Papadopoulosâ (2021) model of the Victim Diamond can account for the almost âinevitableâ enacting of this stereotyped pattern of behaviours. Second, to verify if and under what conditions alternative narratives might emerge. Third, to suggest that a method integrating Jungian analytical psychology to Foucauldian discursive analysis might help to deal with some of the issues left unresolved by Foucault as the role of individual agency, and the reason why some discourses are more likely to grip some individuals than others. To achieve my aims, I will focus on âil Caso Diciottiâ (the Diciotti case) an event occurred in Italy in 2018 involving 177 refugees banned from disembarking by the Minister of Interior Matteo Salvini, after being rescued by the Italian patrol boat âDiciottiâ
Yale Medicine : Alumni Bulletin of the School of Medicine, Fall 1985- Summer 1988
This volume contains Yale medicine: alumni bulletin of the School of Medicine, v.20 (Fall 1985) through v.22 (Summer 1988). Prepared in cooperation with the alumni and development offices at the School of Medicine. Earlier volumes are called Yale School of Medicine alumni bulletins, dating from v.1 (1953) through v.13 (1965).
Digitized with funding from the Arcadia fund, 2017.https://elischolar.library.yale.edu/yale_med_alumni_newsletters/1008/thumbnail.jp
A Holmes and Doyle Bibliography, Volume 9: All FormatsâCombined Alphabetical Listing
This bibliography is a work in progress. It attempts to update Ronald B. De Waalâs comprehensive bibliography, The Universal Sherlock Holmes, but does not claim to be exhaustive in content. New works are continually discovered and added to this bibliography. Readers and researchers are invited to suggest additional content. This volume contains all listings in all formats, arranged alphabetically by author or main entry. In other words, it combines the listings from Volume 1 (Monograph and Serial Titles), Volume 3 (Periodical Articles), and Volume 7 (Audio/Visual Materials) into a comprehensive bibliography. (There may be additional materials included in this list, e.g. duplicate items and items not yet fully edited.) As in the other volumes, coverage of this material begins around 1994, the final year covered by De Waal's bibliography, but may not yet be totally up-to-date (given the ongoing nature of this bibliography). It is hoped that other titles will be added at a later date. At present, this bibliography includes 12,594 items