Digital cartography of Mars

A medium-resolution Digital Image Model (DIM) of Mars is being compiled. A DIM is a mosaic of radiometrically corrected, photometrically modelled spacecraft images displaying accurate reflectance properties at uniform resolution, and geometrically tied to the best available control. The Mars medium-resolution DIM contains approximately 4700 Viking Orbiter image frames that were used to compile the recently completed 1:2,000,000-scale controlled photomosaic series of Mars. This DIM provides a planimetric control base to which all other Mars maps will be registered. A similar control base of topographic elevations (Digital Terrain Model, or DTM) is also being compiled. These products are scheduled for completion in 1989

Digital cartography of Io

A high resolution controlled mosaic of the hemisphere of Io centered on longitude 310 degrees is produced. Digital cartographic techniques were employed. Approximately 80 Voyager 1 clear and blue filter frames were utilized. This mosaic was merged with low-resolution color images. This dataset is compared to the geologic map of this region. Passage of the Voyager spacecraft through the Io plasma torus during acquisition of the highest resolution images exposed the vidicon detectors to ionized radiation, resulting in dark-current buildup on the vidicon. Because the vidicon is scanned from top to bottom, more charge accumulated toward the bottom of the frames, and the additive error increases from top to bottom as a ramp function. This ramp function was removed by using a model. Photometric normalizations were applied using the Minnaert function. An attempt to use Hapke's photometric function revealed that this function does not adequately describe Io's limb darkening at emission angles greater than 80 degrees. In contrast, the Minnaert function accurately describes the limb darkening up to emission angles of about 89 degrees. The improved set of discrete camera angles derived from this effort will be used in conjunction with the space telemetry pointing history file (the IPPS file), corrected on 4 or 12 second intervals to derive a revised time history for the pointing of the Infrared Interferometric Spectrometer (IRIS). For IRIS observations acquired between camera shutterings, the IPPS file can be corrected by linear interpolation, provided that the spacecraft motions were continuous. Image areas corresponding to the fields of view of IRIS spectra acquired between camera shutterings will be extracted from the mosaic to place the IRIS observations and hotspot models into geologic context

Erehwon: For a cartography of change

We introduce a work-in-progress collaborative research project, which aims at creating an interactive real time cartography of socio-political performative projects within Europe and beyond. The cartography will be designed as a digital platform for rehearsing new ways of direct democratic practices and experimenting with potential forms of public space transformation that these practices can lead to.Creativeworks Londo

Planetary cartography in the next decade: Digital cartography and emerging opportunities

Planetary maps being produced today will represent views of the solar system for many decades to come. The primary objective of the planetary cartography program is to produce the most complete and accurate maps from hundreds of thousands of planetary images in support of scientific studies and future missions. Here, the utilization of digital techniques and digital bases in response to recent advances in computer technology are emphasized

Trends and concerns in digital cartography

CISRG discussion paper ;

Learning&Information Technologies Cartography

Nowadays, many researches focus their efforts in studies and applications on the Learning area. However, there is a lack of a reference system that permits to know the positioning and the existing links between Learning and Information Technologies. This paper proposes a Cartography where explains the relationships between the elements that compose the Learning Theories and Information Technologies, considering the own features of the learner and the Information Technologies Properties. This intersection will allow us to know what Information Technologies Properties promote Learning Futures

Evaluation of the damages caused by seismic events: First tests on supporting traditional multispectral classification with DSM

Seismic damages, as a roof entirely collapsed on the ground, are very difficult to be found using only multispectral classification algorithms. The availability of high resolution stereopairs from satellite disclose new possible fields of application to estimate changes and transformations of areas following catastrophic events. Combining both techniques it is obviously possible only when stereoscopic and multispectral images are available. In this case, as for all monitoring studies, it is necessary to compare the present situation to the pre-seismic one. The pre-seismic situation can be advantageously studied by classic photogrammetric techniques based on aerial frames, that are available in archives managed by photogrammetric companies and local government agencies. But it is also possible to extract the pre-seismic morphology from digital maps, containing the three-dimensional characteristics of the buildings. The present research tries to: a) improve the digital surface model extracted from Ikonos satellite images covering an area of central Italy (Foligno, Umbria), through a pre-treatment of images and a manual editing b) study the best DSM models to improve the detection of height difference, mainly in urban areas, and evaluate the results of the classification of land cover as further data to detect changes in building shape. DSM obtained by three-dimensional maps have been compared with DSM extracted directly from aerial stereo-pairs using different approaches. In the area under study a seismic event happened in September of the '97 causing relevant damages to different urbanized centres of the area