Drawing, Handwriting Processing Analysis: New Advances and Challenges

International audienceDrawing and handwriting are communicational skills that are fundamental in geopolitical, ideological and technological evolutions of all time. drawingand handwriting are still useful in defining innovative applications in numerous fields. In this regard, researchers have to solve new problems like those related to the manner in which drawing and handwriting become an efficient way to command various connected objects; or to validate graphomotor skills as evident and objective sources of data useful in the study of human beings, their capabilities and their limits from birth to decline

Character Recognition

Character recognition is one of the pattern recognition technologies that are most widely used in practical applications. This book presents recent advances that are relevant to character recognition, from technical topics such as image processing, feature extraction or classification, to new applications including human-computer interfaces. The goal of this book is to provide a reference source for academic research and for professionals working in the character recognition field

Model tulisan tangan berbantukan teknologi untuk memudahcara penulisan murid Disgrafia

Dysgraphia is a student learning problem related to handwriting skills, which is not inline according to their age. To overcome the problem, various handwriting skills intervention methods to dysgrapbic students have been conducted. However, past research on the intervention methods have not covered all levels of handwriting skills from the basic levels to automaticity. This embodies a research gap especially the absence of a comprehensive technology-assisted support model. The function of the dysgraphic student writing support application will be more effective with the presence of interaction design guidelines (IxD). Thus, this study proposes a technology-assisted handwriting model of dysgraphic students (DCHM) to improve their writing proficiency at the level of visualization, imagination and automation. The model involves a combination of letter formation components (transcription, visualization, imagination, text generation and cognitive) and ICT support (letter formation animation, control, tracing, arrow animation, feedback and repetition). To achieve the objective, three phases of research methods are involved namely 1) categorising and analysing handwriting patterns, model design and verifying the model; 2) developing the prototype; and 3) evaluating the prototype. The reliability of the model was tested through user's evaluation using handwriting legibility scale (HLS). Comparisons were made based on handwriting samples before and after the intervention with the assistance of the prototype. The findings demonstrated that, HLS is able to identify the sensitivity of each parameter in DCHM. To be more specific, the score achieved for global legibility and effort to read the script is 92 percent, layout on the page and letter fonnation attained 96 percent; while alterations to writing scored 100 percent. The overall evaluation of the model showed positive scores from the aspects of legibility, memory, correct letter formation, and ultimately automaticity achievement in handwriting. In conclusion, these findings confirmed that the implementation of DCHM in the prototype can significantly enhance the mastery of handwriting among dysgraphic students. More importantly, this study has contributed substantially to the field of interaction design by providing a novel understanding of the design model

Developmental coordination disorder: a focus on handwriting

Background. Developmental coordination disorder (DCD), is the term used to refer to children who present with motor coordination difficulties, unexplained by a general-medical condition, intellectual disability or known neurological impairment. Difficulties with handwriting are often included in descriptions of DCD, including that provided in DSM-5 (APA, 2013). However, surprisingly few studies have examined handwriting in DCD in a systematic way. Those that are available, have been conducted outside of the UK, in alphabets other than the Latin based alphabet. In order to gain a better understanding of the nature of 'slowness' so commonly reported in children with DCD, this thesis aimed to examine the handwriting of children with DCD in detail by considering the handwriting product, the process, the child's perspective, the teacher's perspective and some popular clinical measures including strength, visual perception and force variability. Compositional quality was also evaluated to examine the impact of poor handwriting on the wider task of writing. Method. Twenty-eight 8-14 year-old children with a diagnosis of DCD participated in the study, with 28 typically developing age and gender matched controls. Participants completed the four handwriting tasks from the Detailed Assessment of Speed of Handwriting (DASH) and wrote their own name; all on a digitising writing tablet. The number of words written, speed of pen movements and the time spent pausing during the tasks were calculated. Participants were also assessed in spelling, reading, receptive vocabulary, visual perception, visual motor integration, grip strength and the quality of their composition. Results. The findings confirmed what many professionals report, that children with DCD produce less text than their peers. However, this was not due to slow movement execution, but rather a higher percentage of time spent pausing, in particular, pauses over 10 seconds. The location of the pauses within words indicated a lack of automaticity in the handwriting of children with DCD. The DCD group scored below their peers on legibility, grip strength, measures of visual perception and had poorer compositional quality. Individual data highlighted heterogeneous performance profiles in children with DCD and there was little agreement/no significant association between teacher and therapist's measures of handwriting. Conclusions. A new model incorporating handwriting within the broader context of writing was proposed as a lens through which therapists can consider handwriting in children with DCD. The model incorporates the findings from this thesis and discusses avenues for future research in this area

Retrieval-, Distributed-, and Interleaved Practice in the Classroom:A Systematic Review

Three of the most effective learning strategies identified are retrieval practice, distributed practice, and interleaved practice, also referred to as desirable difficulties. However, it is yet unknown to what extent these three practices foster learning in primary and secondary education classrooms (as opposed to the laboratory and/or tertiary education classrooms, where most research is conducted) and whether these strategies affect different students differently. To address these gaps, we conducted a systematic review. Initial and detailed screening of 869 documents found in a threefold search resulted in a pool of 29 journal articles published from 2006 through June 2020. Seventy-five effect sizes nested in 47 experiments nested in 29 documents were included in the review. Retrieval- and interleaved practice appeared to benefit students’ learning outcomes quite consistently; distributed practice less so. Furthermore, only cognitive Student*Task characteristics (i.e., features of the student’s cognition regarding the task, such as initial success) appeared to be significant moderators. We conclude that future research further conceptualising and operationalising initial effort is required, as is a differentiated approach to implementing desirable difficulties

Virtual reality training for micro-robotic cell injection

This research was carried out to fill the gap within existing knowledge on the approaches to supplement the training for micro-robotic cell injection procedure by utilising virtual reality and haptic technologies

Biometrics

Biometrics-Unique and Diverse Applications in Nature, Science, and Technology provides a unique sampling of the diverse ways in which biometrics is integrated into our lives and our technology. From time immemorial, we as humans have been intrigued by, perplexed by, and entertained by observing and analyzing ourselves and the natural world around us. Science and technology have evolved to a point where we can empirically record a measure of a biological or behavioral feature and use it for recognizing patterns, trends, and or discrete phenomena, such as individuals' and this is what biometrics is all about. Understanding some of the ways in which we use biometrics and for what specific purposes is what this book is all about

Undergraduate Course Catalog [1963/65]

Undergraduate Course Catalog, 1963/65https://repository.stcloudstate.edu/undergencat/1088/thumbnail.jp

Undergraduate Course Catalog [1965/67]

Undergraduate Course Catalog, 1965/67https://repository.stcloudstate.edu/undergencat/1089/thumbnail.jp