An Investigative Study Of Patents From An Engineering Design Perspective

Preservation and reuse of valuable design experience aids in the design of new products and processes. Product design repositories are presently being used as a means to preserve and later reuse design knowledge. As such, patent databases such as the United States Patent office and the European Patent Office offer design knowledge in the form of patents. Unfortunately, these sources of novel design solutions do not appear to have been have not been effectively used in the context of engineering design. In this research, the role of patents in a systematic design process is reviewed understand its utility in the design process. A major hurdle, in the reuse of patent design knowledge, is the lack of formal tools to support designers in understanding and applying the available information to new problems. Information theory fundamentals are used to study patent claim text which describes the subject matter of the patent and to develop an understanding of the information content within the text claim and other representations of the claim. Graph based representations are recognized as an effective way to represent design information. They are considered as ideal for modeling patent claims as they enable the direct use of the information as input to existing design processes and tools, such as function models, the core product model, and function-behavior-structure scheme. This new approach provides a designer-friendly model of patent claims and also enables the use of intelligent search mechanisms. Existing graph based product representation schemas are studied for their suitability to model patent claims. A new representation tailored for patent claims is proposed since, the existing schemas where found to be insufficient to efficiently model patent claim. Patent claims modeled using multiple representation schemas are compared with the models developed using the proposed representation, for the information content captured from claim text. The representation technique proposed here may aid in the retrieval of the relevant patent design information, thereby promoting use of patent information to aid designers. Further refinement and evaluation of the scheme along with the development of grammar and ontologies for a vocabulary is needed. This representation scheme, with existing search and retrieval methods, should help designers in generating both novel and practical concepts based on patent information

Exploring classification for sentiment analysis from halal based tweets

Globally, social media is gaining popularity and redefining how people interact with one another online. Malaysian individuals, for example, are increasingly reliant on social media platforms such as Facebook and Twitter as well as LinkedIn, Pinterest, Instagram, and other similar sites. Consider sentiment analysis to be a sub-category of social listening. A social media sentiment analysis has uncovered the public's current feelings on a particular topic or brand. Sentiment analysis is a technique for characterizing and capturing emotional states from unstructured text. The most important part of sentiment analysis is to evaluate a body of text to comprehend the opinion expressed by it. It usually assigns a polarity of “positive”, “negative” or “neutral”. It uses an algorithmic technique to capture people's thoughts, sentiments, and emotions by incorporating Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning technology. Sentiment analysis in Malaysia's social media is challenging to perform since posts are frequently written in a mixed language, usage of English and Malay with embedded jargon and various district dialect. The classification was performed based on Malaysia halal certification scheme for each tweet to acquire the class label's frequency value based on the sentiment analysis process's polarity results. It will demonstrate social media users' proclivity for posting and can act as a reference point for users when making decisions. An analysis of amounted 500 tweets with the hashtag #sijilhalal elicited information regarding people's feelings, preconceptions, and attitudes toward various issues related to halal certification in Malaysia. The discovery of a person's emotions concerning halal topics is visualized. Muslims' views are of importance to #sijilhalal awareness

Utilization of bottom ash for alkali-activated (SI-AL) materials: a review

In Malaysia, 180 tons/day of solid waste bottom ash are produced by a Tanjung Bin power station, which is one of the four coal power plants in Malaysia. Hence, to overcome this problem, the solid waste could be used as source material in construction industry using geopolymer technique. Alkali-activated materials are introduced as an alternative materials to ordinary Portland cement (OPC) in the construction industry. There are many types of alkaline activator raw materi als such as bottom ash, fly ash, metakaolin and so on that can be substituted the materials existing such as cement and fine or course aggregate in the market now to make any production where the materials are coming from waste.The geopolymerization process involves a substantially fast chemical reaction under alkaline conditions with Si and Al minerals that results in a three‐dimensional polymeric chain and ring structure consisting of Si‐O‐Al‐O. The higher Si‐O‐Al‐O bonds are contained in the geopolymer, the higher compressive strength results will find. Several types of building materials such as

SRM drives for electric traction

"GAECE" -- PortadaDescripció del recurs: 11 maig 2020GAECE (Grup d’accionaments elèctrics amb commutació electrònica). The group of electronically commutated electrical drives is a research team of Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC BARCELONATECH), which conducts investigation in four areas: electrical drives, power electronics, mechanics and energy and sustainability. Regarding electrical drives, research focuses on the development of new reluctance, permanent magnet and hybrid electrical drives. The main goal of those electrical drives is the integration of the power converter/controller and the mechanical transmission, being specially intended for the traction of light electric vehicles. That research is carried out by using the analysis of finite elements, taking into account eco-design criteria, considering new materials and new control strategies.First editio

Teaching Motion Control in Mechatronics Education Using an Open Framework Based on the Elevator Model

Universities and other educational institutions may find it difficult to afford the cost of obtaining cutting-edge teaching resources. This study introduces the adoption of a novel open prototyping framework in the context of mechatronics education, employing low-cost commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components and tools for the motion control module. The goal of this study is to propose a novel structure for the motion control module in the engineering mechatronics curriculum. The objective is to foster a new teaching method. From a methodology perspective, students are involved in a series of well-organised theoretical lectures as well as practical, very engaging group projects in the lab. To help students understand, draw connections, and broaden their knowledge, the methods of surface learning and deep learning are frequently mixed thoroughly. The structure of the course as well as the key topics are discussed. The proposed open framework, which consists of an elevator model, is presented in details. Students’ early evaluation indicates that the course organisation and subjects are successful and beneficial.publishedVersio

Pembangunan portal pendidikan teknik dan vokasional: satu kajian awal di kalangan Pelajar Sarjana PTV Jabatan Pendidikan Teknik dan Vokasional Fakulti Teknologi Kejuruteraan

Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengkaji sejauh manakah keperJuan pelajar terhadap portal Pendidikan Teknik dan Vokasional (PTV). Sebuah portal PTV dibangunkan dalam kajian berasaskan produk ini. Sampel bagi kajian ini terdiri daripada pelajar sarjana pendidikan teknik dan vokasional, semester 3. Dapatan kajian ini dianalisis dengan menggunakan perisian SPSS versi 10. Pada peringkat awal projek ini, keperluan pelajar terhadap portal PTV dikenal pasti. Selepas itu, ciri-ciri yang perlu dibangunkan dalam portal PTV dikenal pasti dengan menggunakan kaedah borang soal selidik. Satu portal PTV dibangunkan berdasarkan dapatan kajian tersebut. Pada peringkat akhir projek ini, penilaian dilakukan ke atas portal PTV yang telah dibangunkan. Tujuan penilaian ini adalah untuk mengenal pasti sejauh manakah portal PTV ini memenuhi keperluan pelajar. Daripada dapatan kajian didapati portal PTV amat diperlukan oleh pelajar. Selain daripada itu, daripada dapatan kajian, portal PTV yang telah dibangunkan ini beryaya memenuhi keperluan pelajar. Cadangan untuk memperbaiki portal PTV yang telah dibangunkan ini diberi oleh responden. Kajian lanjutan patut dilakukan ke atas portal PTV yang telah dibangunkan bagi memperbaiki serta memumikan konsep reka bentuk dan pengurusan maklumat

Power Semiconductors for An Energy-Wise Society

This IEC White Paper establishes the critical role that power semiconductors play in transitioning to an energy wise society. It takes an in-depth look at expected trends and opportunities, as well as the challenges surrounding the power semiconductors industry. Among the significant challenges mentioned is the need for change in industry practices when transitioning from linear to circular economies and the shortage of skilled personnel required for power semiconductor development. The white paper also stresses the need for strategic actions at the policy-making level to address these concerns and calls for stronger government commitment, policies and funding to advance power semiconductor technologies and integration. It further highlights the pivotal role of standards in removing technical risks, increasing product quality and enabling faster market acceptance. Besides noting benefits of existing standards in accelerating market growth, the paper also identifies the current standardization gaps. The white paper emphasizes the importance of ensuring a robust supply chain for power semiconductors to prevent supply-chain disruptions like those seen during the COVID-19 pandemic, which can have widespread economic impacts.The white paper highlights the importance of inspiring young professionals to take an interest in power semiconductors and power electronics, highlighting the potential to make a positive impact on the world through these technologies.The white paper concludes with recommendations for policymakers, regulators, industry and other IEC stakeholders for collaborative structures and accelerating the development and adoption of standards

Mathematical modelling of permanent-magnet brushless DC motor drives

Brushless dc motor drives have become increasingly popular, following recent developments in rare-earth permanent-magnet materials and the semiconductor devices used to control the stator input power and to sense the rotor position. They are now frequently used in applications such as flight control systems and robot actuators, and for drives which require high reliability, long life, little maintenance and a high torque-to-weight ratio. In many motor drives the presence of torque and speed ripples, especially at low speed, is extremely undesirable. The mathematical model developed in this thesis was used to investigate their occurrence in a typical brushless dc drive system, with the objective of establishing factors which effect their magnitude and ways by which they may be reduced. The model is based on the numerical solution of the differential equations for the system, with those for the motor being formulated in the phase reference frame. Tensor methods are used to account for both the varying topology and the discontinuous operation of the motor arising from changes in the conduction pattern of the inverter supply switches. The thesis describes the design, construction and testing of an experimental voltage source PWM inverter, using MOSFET switching devices, to drive a 1.3 kW 3-phase brushless dc motor. A practical circuit is described which implements current profiling to minimize torque ripple, and the optimum phase current waveforms are established. The effect of changes in the firing angle of the inverter switches on the torque ripple are also examined. Throughout the thesis, theoretical predictions are verified by comparison with experimental results

Robust Generator System Using PM Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Generator with Current-fed Drive

The growth of embedded generation and portable electrical installations has led to an increased demand for low cost, flexible and reliable generator systems for military and commercial applications. An interior permanent magnet (IPM) machine has high power density due to its reluctance torque and magnetic torque components so it can produce a large constant power-speed range. However, an IPM machine needs demagnetizing current at high-speed during the flux-weakening region and thus develops an inverter shutdown problem in an uncontrolled generator mode operation. In order to overcome the disadvantages of the IPM machine, the permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance generator (PMa-SynRG) can be a good solution for low cost, high efficiency reliable generator systems. A PMa-SynRG can produce a high efficiency drive by utilizing the proper amount of magnet and reluctance torque. This work proposes a PMa-SynRG with two flux barriers and permanent magnets embedded in the second layer of the rotor. A neodymium magnet (NdFeB) was used as permanent magnets in the rotor to prevent demagnetization. Finding the minimum amount of magnet is one of the goals of the optimization process. The objectives of this work are to build an optimal design for the 3kW generator and an advanced power electronics converter for the PMa-SynRG drive system. In order to find the optimized 3kW machine, a Lumped Parameter Model (LPM) was used to achieve fast computation, and Differential Evolution Strategy (DES) was used to embed the LPM in an efficient numerical optimization routine to identify optimum designs. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was used for test performance of optimum designs. On the basis of differences between LPM and FEA, model predictions were used to fine tune the LPM model. For new optimum design converges, numerical optimizations and iterations were performed to produce LPM and FEA predictions. For the drive system, the thyristor based, current-fed drive is much simpler and has lower power losses compared to the pulse width modulation (PWM) drive. Eliminating the requirement for self-controlled switches is a distinct advantage for lower cost. Another feature of the developed current-fed drive is its inherent capability to provide generating action by making the PMa-SynRG operates as a generator, rectifying the phase voltages by means of the three-phase rectifier and feeding the power into the load. These features make the current-fed drive a good candidate for driving any type of synchronous generators including the proposed PMa-SynRG