9 research outputs found
Delimited control operators prove Double-negation Shift
We propose an extension of minimal intuitionistic predicate logic, based on
delimited control operators, that can derive the predicate-logic version of the
Double-negation Shift schema, while preserving the disjunction and existence
properties
An interpretation of the Sigma-2 fragment of classical Analysis in System T
We show that it is possible to define a realizability interpretation for the
-fragment of classical Analysis using G\"odel's System T only. This
supplements a previous result of Schwichtenberg regarding bar recursion at
types 0 and 1 by showing how to avoid using bar recursion altogether. Our
result is proved via a conservative extension of System T with an operator for
composable continuations from the theory of programming languages due to Danvy
and Filinski. The fragment of Analysis is therefore essentially constructive,
even in presence of the full Axiom of Choice schema: Weak Church's Rule holds
of it in spite of the fact that it is strong enough to refute the formal
arithmetical version of Church's Thesis
A Direct Version of Veldman's Proof of Open Induction on Cantor Space via Delimited Control Operators
First, we reconstruct Wim Veldman's result that Open Induction on Cantor
space can be derived from Double-negation Shift and Markov's Principle. In
doing this, we notice that one has to use a countable choice axiom in the proof
and that Markov's Principle is replaceable by slightly strengthening the
Double-negation Shift schema. We show that this strengthened version of
Double-negation Shift can nonetheless be derived in a constructive intermediate
logic based on delimited control operators, extended with axioms for
higher-type Heyting Arithmetic. We formalize the argument and thus obtain a
proof term that directly derives Open Induction on Cantor space by the shift
and reset delimited control operators of Danvy and Filinski
Perspectives for proof unwinding by programming languages techniques
In this chapter, we propose some future directions of work, potentially
beneficial to Mathematics and its foundations, based on the recent import of
methodology from the theory of programming languages into proof theory. This
scientific essay, written for the audience of proof theorists as well as the
working mathematician, is not a survey of the field, but rather a personal view
of the author who hopes that it may inspire future and fellow researchers
On Subexponentials, Synthetic Connectives, and Multi-level Delimited Control
International audienceWe construct a partially-ordered hierarchy of delimited control operators similar to those of the CPS hierarchy of Danvy and Filinski. However, instead of relying on nested CPS translations, these operators are directly interpreted in linear logic extended with subexponentials (i.e., multiple pairs of ! and ?). We construct an independent proof theory for a fragment of this logic based on the principle of focusing. It is then shown that the new constraints placed on the permutation of cuts correspond to multiple levels of delimited control
An Intuitionistic Formula Hierarchy Based on High-School Identities
We revisit the notion of intuitionistic equivalence and formal proof
representations by adopting the view of formulas as exponential polynomials.
After observing that most of the invertible proof rules of intuitionistic
(minimal) propositional sequent calculi are formula (i.e. sequent) isomorphisms
corresponding to the high-school identities, we show that one can obtain a more
compact variant of a proof system, consisting of non-invertible proof rules
only, and where the invertible proof rules have been replaced by a formula
normalisation procedure.
Moreover, for certain proof systems such as the G4ip sequent calculus of
Vorob'ev, Hudelmaier, and Dyckhoff, it is even possible to see all of the
non-invertible proof rules as strict inequalities between exponential
polynomials; a careful combinatorial treatment is given in order to establish
this fact.
Finally, we extend the exponential polynomial analogy to the first-order
quantifiers, showing that it gives rise to an intuitionistic hierarchy of
formulas, resembling the classical arithmetical hierarchy, and the first one
that classifies formulas while preserving isomorphism
An analysis of the constructive content of Henkin's proof of G\"odel's completeness theorem
G{\"o}del's completeness theorem for classical first-order logic is one of
the most basic theorems of logic. Central to any foundational course in logic,
it connects the notion of valid formula to the notion of provable formula.We
survey a few standard formulations and proofs of the completeness theorem
before focusing on the formal description of a slight modification of Henkin's
proof within intuitionistic second-order arithmetic.It is standard in the
context of the completeness of intuitionistic logic with respect to various
semantics such as Kripke or Beth semantics to follow the Curry-Howard
correspondence and to interpret the proofs of completeness as programs which
turn proofs of validity for these semantics into proofs of derivability.We
apply this approach to Henkin's proof to phrase it as a program which
transforms any proof of validity with respect to Tarski semantics into a proof
of derivability.By doing so, we hope to shed an effective light on the relation
between Tarski semantics and syntax: proofs of validity are syntactic objects
with which we can compute.Comment: R{\'e}dig{\'e} en 4 {\'e}tapes: 2013, 2016, 2022, 202
The Principle of Open Induction on Cantor space and the Approximate-Fan Theorem
The paper is a contribution to intuitionistic reverse mathematics. We work in
a weak formal system for intuitionistic analysis. The Principle of Open
Induction on Cantor space is the statement that every open subset of Cantor
space that is progressive with respect to the lexicographical ordering of
Cantor space coincides with Cantor space. The Approximate-Fan Theorem is an
extension of the Fan Theorem that follows from Brouwer's principle of induction
on bars in Baire space and implies the Principle of Open Induction on Cantor
space. The Principle of Open Induction in Cantor space implies the Fan Theorem,
but, conversely the Fan Theorem does not prove the Principle of Open Induction
on Cantor space. We list a number of equivalents of the Principle of Open
Induction on Cantor space and also a number of equivalents of the
Approximate-Fan Theorem
Mechanised metamathematics : an investigation of first-order logic and set theory in constructive type theory
In this thesis, we investigate several key results in the canon of metamathematics, applying the contemporary perspective of formalisation in constructive type theory and mechanisation in the Coq proof assistant. Concretely, we consider the central completeness, undecidability, and incompleteness theorems of first-order logic as well as properties of the axiom of choice and the continuum hypothesis in axiomatic set theory. Due to their fundamental role in the foundations of mathematics and their technical intricacies, these results have a long tradition in the codification as standard literature and, in more recent investigations, increasingly serve as a benchmark for computer mechanisation. With the present thesis, we continue this tradition by uniformly analysing the aforementioned cornerstones of metamathematics in the formal framework of constructive type theory. This programme offers novel insights into the constructive content of completeness, a synthetic approach to undecidability and incompleteness that largely eliminates the notorious tedium obscuring the essence of their proofs, as well as natural representations of set theory in the form of a second-order axiomatisation and of a fully type-theoretic account. The mechanisation concerning first-order logic is organised as a comprehensive Coq library open to usage and contribution by external users.In dieser Doktorarbeit werden einige Schlüsselergebnisse aus dem Kanon der Metamathematik untersucht, unter Verwendung der zeitgenössischen Perspektive von Formalisierung in konstruktiver Typtheorie und Mechanisierung mit Hilfe des Beweisassistenten Coq. Konkret werden die zentralen Vollständigkeits-, Unentscheidbarkeits- und Unvollständigkeitsergebnisse der Logik erster Ordnung sowie Eigenschaften des Auswahlaxioms und der Kontinuumshypothese in axiomatischer Mengenlehre betrachtet. Aufgrund ihrer fundamentalen Rolle in der Fundierung der Mathematik und ihrer technischen Schwierigkeiten, besitzen diese Ergebnisse eine lange Tradition der Kodifizierung als Standardliteratur und, besonders in jüngeren Untersuchungen, eine zunehmende Bedeutung als Maßstab für Mechanisierung mit Computern. Mit der vorliegenden Doktorarbeit wird diese Tradition fortgeführt, indem die zuvorgenannten Grundpfeiler der Methamatematik uniform im formalen Rahmen der konstruktiven Typtheorie analysiert werden. Dieses Programm ermöglicht neue Einsichten in den konstruktiven Gehalt von Vollständigkeit, einen synthetischen Ansatz für Unentscheidbarkeit und Unvollständigkeit, der großteils den berüchtigten, die Essenz der Beweise verdeckenden, technischen Aufwand eliminiert, sowie natürliche Repräsentationen von Mengentheorie in Form einer Axiomatisierung zweiter Ordnung und einer vollkommen typtheoretischen Darstellung. Die Mechanisierung zur Logik erster Ordnung ist als eine umfassende Coq-Bibliothek organisiert, die offen für Nutzung und Beiträge externer Anwender ist