An Image Morphing Technique Based on Optimal Mass Preserving Mapping

©2007 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. However, permission to reprint/republish this material for advertising or promotional purposes or for creating new collective works for resale or distribution to servers or lists, or to reuse any copyrighted component of this work in other works must be obtained from the IEEE. This material is presented to ensure timely dissemination of scholarly and technical work. Copyright and all rights therein are retained by authors or by other copyright holders. All persons copying this information are expected to adhere to the terms and constraints invoked by each author's copyright. In most cases, these works may not be reposted without the explicit permission of the copyright holder.DOI: 10.1109/TIP.2007.896637Image morphing, or image interpolation in the time domain, deals with the metamorphosis of one image into another. In this paper, a new class of image morphing algorithms is proposed based on the theory of optimal mass transport. The 2 mass moving energy functional is modified by adding an intensity penalizing term, in order to reduce the undesired double exposure effect. It is an intensity-based approach and, thus, is parameter free. The optimal warping function is computed using an iterative gradient descent approach. This proposed morphing method is also extended to doubly connected domains using a harmonic parameterization technique, along with finite-element methods

On improved deformable template matching for polygonal objects

In this paper, an improvement of deformable template matching algorithm for polygonal objects in grayscale images using two-dimensional deformable templates along orthogonal curves is presented. In the process of pre-computing extensions of the deformable template along orthogonal curves, the novel matching approach incorporates adapting knowledge-specific template discretization techniques appropriate for different polygonal objects and minimizing the improved internal and external energy terms containing inter-shape information of polygonal objects. In our application, this energy optimization problem of the deformable template is efficiently solved by a genetic algorithm (GA). Our algorithm has been successfully applied on synthetic images and real images. The experiment results show that the new approach provides more robust and accurate matching method.Facultad de Informátic

Efficient and robust shape retrieval from deformable templates

Computer Systems, Imagery and Medi

X-ray Image Segmentation and An Internet-based Tool for Medical Validation

Segmentation of vertebrae in X-ray images is a difficult task that requires an effective segmentation procedure. Noise, poor image contrast, occlusions and shape variability are some of the challenges in many of the spine X-ray images archived at the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM). In this thesis, we propose a curvature-based corner matching approach, which exploits the posterior corners of the vertebra to estimate the location and orientation of the vertebrae. The key advantage of the proposed approach is execution time, roughly about one-fifth of the previous approach that uses the generalized Hough transform when tested on a sizeable set of cervical spine images. This thesis also presents the first ever effort to develop a prototype internet-based medical image segmentation and pathology validation tool, which enables radiologists to validate computer generated image segmentations, modify existing or create new segmentation in addition to identifying pertinent pathology data

Pedestrian head detection using automatic scale selection for feature detection and statistical edge curvature analysis

In this report we focus on pedestrian head detection and tracking in video sequences. The task is not trivial in real and complex scenarios where the deformation induced by the perspective field requires a multi-scale analy- sis. Multi-scale shape models for the human head are considered to identify the correct size of the region of interest. Anisotropic diffusion is used as a pre-processing step and edge detection is performed using an automatic scale selection process. A non parametric statistical description is given for the edge curvature and detection is performed by means of goodness-of-fit tests. The head detector is used as a validation tool in a correlation-based tracker. The local maxima of the correlation matrix are analyzed. Tracking is performed associating the displacement vector of the target with that local maximum which maximizes the goodness-of-fit with the distribution of the edge curvature of the head

Bilgisayarlı tomografi anjiyografi görüntülerinde pulmoner embolilerin bilgisayar destekli tespiti

06.03.2018 tarihli ve 30352 sayılı Resmi Gazetede yayımlanan “Yükseköğretim Kanunu İle Bazı Kanun Ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun” ile 18.06.2018 tarihli “Lisansüstü Tezlerin Elektronik Ortamda Toplanması, Düzenlenmesi ve Erişime Açılmasına İlişkin Yönerge” gereğince tam metin erişime açılmıştır.Dolaşım sistemi problemlerinden biri olan PE’ler, akciğer atardamarı veya onun dallarından bir ya da birkaçının kan pıhtısı ile tıkanması sonucu ortaya çıkan klinik tablodur. Tanısı güç olan bir hastalık olup, erken tanı ve tedavisi hayat kurtarıcıdır. Bu tez çalışmasında; BTA görüntülerinden tanısı konulabilen PE’lerin, BDT ile belirlenmesi işlemi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Literatürde PE’lerin BDT ile belirlenmesinde iki farklı yaklaşım mevcuttur. Bunlardan birincisi akciğer damar ağacının çıkartılması ile PE’lerin belirlenmesi. İkincisi ise akciğer damar ağacı çıkartmadan kızaklama (tobogganing) yöntemi ile PE’lerin belirlenmesidir. Birinci yöntem ile yapılan çalışmalarda, ilk olarak akciğer damarları, yüksek yoğunluk değerleri ile bölütlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Ancak PE olan bölgelerde damar yapısı bozuk olacağından, ikinci olarak damar yapısını düzgün devam ettirmek için PE’ler, bulundukları bölgede, kendileri ile aynı düşük yoğunluğa sahip dokulardan, boyut ve biçimsel özelliklerine göre ayırt edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Daha sonra damarlar ile PE’ler, iz takibi yöntemiyle ya da damarların; bölgesel, biçimsel, hacimsel özelliklerine bakılarak birleştirilmişlerdir. Böylece akciğer damar bölütlemesi ile PE’ler belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Ancak PE’lerin sabit bir biçimi yoktur. Bölgesel olarak damar ağacı içerisinde herhangi biryerde olabilir. Boyut olarak da belirli bir boyutun altı PE olarak değerlendirilmez, üstü ise değişken boyutlarda olabilmektedir. Ayrıca, damarlar tamamen tıkanmışsa, BTA görüntülerinde kopuk görüneceğinden, iz takibi yapmak zordur. Bu nedenle daha önce yapılmış çalışmalardaki yöntemlerin performansları düşüktür. Bu tez çalışmasında yeni bir yöntem geliştirilmiştir. İlk adımda akciğer bölütlemesi gerçekleştirilmiştir. İkinci adımda damar bölütlemede kullanılmak üzere, BTA görüntülerinde, anatomik yapının değişmeyen özelliklerinden yararlanarak bazı referans noktalar (RN) belirlenmiştir. Bu RN’lar sayesinde truncus, sol-sağ pulmoner arter, lobar segmenter damarlar, PE’lerle birlikte bölütlenmiştir. RN’ları ile PE’ler, aynı yoğunluklu diğer dokulardan ve eğer varsa PE dışında akciğer ya da kalp hastalığı dokularından, ayırt edilebilmiştir. Subsegmenter damarlar da akciğer bölgesindeki yoğunluk farklarından PE’ler ile birlikte belirlenmiştir. Son olarak tüm damarlar birleştirilerek akciğer damar ağacı çıkartılmıştır. Üçüncü adımda damar ağacından, PE’ler; damarların iç bölgesinde olacak şekilde, yoğunluk farkları incelenip, belirli bir boyutun altındaki bileşenler görüntülerden kaldırılarak belirlenmiştir. Bu işlemlerin sonunda elde edilen sonuçlar, tıbbi görüntü değerlendirmelerinde kullanılan performans ölçümleri ile analiz edilerek, daha önce yapılmış çalışmalarla karşılaştırılmıştır. PE tespiti için bu tez kapsamında geliştirilen yöntemin performansının literatürdeki yöntemlerden daha iyi olduğu ve tıbbi açıdan hekimlere oldukça yeterli sonuçlar verdiği belirlenmiştir.PE, one of the circulatory system problems, is the clinical result at the end of that the lung artery or one or a few branches of them are bunged up by clot of blood. Besides it is a hard disease to diagnose, early diagnosis and treatment of it can save lives. The detection by CAD of PEs which can be diagnosed from CTA Images has been carried out at this thesis work. There are two different approaches to detect PEs by CAD in literature. The first one is to detect PEs by indicating lung vessel tree. The second one is to detect PEs by tobogganing method without indicating lung vessel tree. The lung vessels firstly have been segmented with high intensity values at the works done with the first method. However, because the vessel structure will be damaged in PE regions, secondly to continue the vessel structure smoothly, PEs have been distinguished from the tissues with the same low intensity like them in their regions according to their sizes and shapes. Then, vessels and PE have been connected by tracking method or by looking at region, shape and volume properties of the vessels. However, there is no a constant shape of PEs. It can be anywhere in the vessel tree regionally. It isn’t be considered as PE under a certain size, though it can be in different size above it. Besides, if the vessels are bunged completely, it will be hard to do tracking so that it seems unconnected in CTA images. So the performances of the methods in previous works are lower. A new method has been developed at this thesis work. firstly, lung segmentation has been carried out. Secondly, by making use of the unchangeable properties of anatomical structure in CTA images, some reference points (RP) have been detected in order to use at vessel segmentation. Due to these RPs, truncus, left-right pulmonary artery, lobar segment vessels have been segmented with the PE. RP and PE have been distinguished from the other tissues having the same intensity and from the lung and heart disease tissues except for PE. Subsegment vessels have been detected with PE by looking at the differences of intensities in lung region. Lastly, lung vessel tree has been detected by connecting all of the vessels. Thirdly, PEs have been detected from the vessel tree, by examining the intensity differences in a way of inside regions of vessel and removing the components under a certain size from the image. The results at the end of these processes have been analyzed by the performance measures which are used in medical image evaluation and compared to the previous works. It has been seen that the performance of the method for PE detection at this thesis is better than the ones in literature and it gives rather enough results to the surgeries medically

Learning the dynamics of deformable objects and recursive boundary estimation using curve evolution techniques

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2005.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.Includes bibliographical references (p. 161-176).The primary objective of this thesis is to develop robust algorithms for the incorporation of statistical information in the problem of estimating object boundaries in image data. We propose two primary algorithms, one which jointly estimates the underlying field and boundary in a static image and another which performs image segmentation across a temporal sequence. Some motivating applications come from the earth sciences and medical imaging. In particular, we examine the problems of oceanic front and sea surface temperature estimation in oceanography, soil boundary and moisture estimation in hydrology, and left ventricle boundary estimation across a cardiac cycle in medical imaging. To accomplish joint estimation in a static image, we introduce a variational technique that incorporates the spatial statistics of the underlying field to segment the boundary and estimate the field on either side of the boundary. For image segmentation across a sequence of frames, we propose a method for learning the dynamics of a deformable boundary that uses these learned dynamics to recursively estimate the boundary in each frame over time. In the recursive estimation algorithm, we extend the traditional particle filtering approach by applying sample-based methods to a complex shape space.(cont.) We find a low-dimensional representation for this shape-shape to make the learning of the dynamics tractable and then incorporate curve evolution into the state estimates to recursively estimate the boundaries. Experimental results are obtained on cardiac magnetic resonance images, sea surface temperature data, and soil moisture maps. Although we focus on these application areas, the underlying mathematical principles posed in the thesis are general enough that they can be applied to other applications as well. We analyze the algorithms on data of differing quality, with both high and low SNR data and also full and sparse observations.by Walter Sun.Ph.D