14 research outputs found
Implementação e avaliação de gestão remota sobre DISMAN
Apesar da evolução do SNMP durante a última década e que conduziu recentemente à
versão Draft Standard do SNMPv3, várias são as lacunas que continuam a ser
apontadas a este modelo. No seio do IETF o Disman WG tem procurar vingar a ideia da
utilização de uma arquitectura de gestão distribuída colmatando, assim, uma dos mais
graves limitações do SNMP – a escalonabilidade.
Neste artigo apresentar-se-á um trabalho exploratório que pretende conduzir a um
ambiente de gestão SNMP onde a distribuição de operações de gestão é efectuada
através de agentes disman móveis
A Simple Typology of Distributed Network Management Paradigms
Over the past few years, network management has steadily evolved from a centralized model, where all the management processing takes place on a single network management station, to distributed models, where management is distributed over a number, potentially large, of nodes. Among distributed models, one, epitomized by the SNMPv2 and CMIP protocols, has been around for several years, whereas a flurry of new ones, based on mobile code, distributed objects or cooperative agents, have only recently emerged. This paper reviews all major network management paradigms known to date, and proposes a simple typology to classify them
Distributed management based on mobile agents
During the forthcoming years, Internet-based concepts will continue to revolutionize, in an
unpredictable way, the mode enterprises provide, maintain and use traditional information
technology. Management systems will be a crucial issue in the struggle with this crescent
complexity. However, new requirements have to be considered, due to the expectation of
enormous quantities of different elements, ranging from an impressive network bandwidth
availability to multimedia QoS-constrained services. Many researchers believe that mobile
agent paradigm can provide effective solutions on these new scenarios.
This paper presents an implementation of management applications supported upon
distribution and delegation concepts. For that it uses the current work of IETF’s Disman
working group enhanced with mobility provision. The mobility allows the distributed
managers to adapt dynamically to a mutable environment optimizing the use of network
resources
An entity access control model for network services management
The Network Services Management Framework tries to overcome the most important limitations of present network management frameworks, namely the most widely supported framework – the Internet Network Management Framework – by defining a management framework using a network services management distributed architecture that provides services management functions with any desired level of functionality. This document introduces one of the most important parts of this framework, the Entity Access Control Model and the mechanisms needed to its deployment: management entities and management domains, entity access and resources control management, and security mechanisms (authentication, data integrity verification, confidentiality and non-repudiation assurances). This model, although originally developed to be integrated on the Network Services Management Framework, can be completely integrated or partially adopted by other frameworks since it supports a wide range of conceptual and functional requisites recognised to be fundamental to the future of modern distributed network management frameworks
Distributed Management of High-Layer Protocols and Network Services through a Programmable Agent-Based Architecture
This paper proposes an architecture for distributed man-agement of upper layer protocols and network services called Trace. Based on the IETF Script MIB, the architecture provides mechanisms for the delegation of management tasks to mid-level managers, which interact with monitoring and action agents to have them executed. The paper introduces PTSL (Protocol Trace Specification Language), a graph-ical/textual language created to allow network managers to specify proto-col traces. The specifications are used by mid-level managers to program the monitoring agents. Once programmed, these agents start to moni-tor the occurrence of the traces. The information obtained is analyzed by the mid-level managers, which may ask action agents for the execution of procedures (Perl scripts), making the automation of several management tasks possible
Annotated Typology of Distributed Network Management Paradigms
Over the past few years, network management has steadily evolved from a centralized model, where all the management processing takes place on a single network management station, to distributed models, where management is distributed over a number, potentially large, of nodes. Among distributed models, one, the weakly distributed hierarchical model, has been around for several years, whereas a flurry of new ones, based on mobile code, distributed objects or cooperative agents, have only recently emerged. Which of these techniques will eventually win ? Will several ones have to coexist ? How do they compare to each other ? In order to provide a framework to analyze these issues, this paper presents a comprehensive typology of all network management paradigms known to date, whether they have been successfully implemented already or whether they are still confined to the research community. By comparing these models with those used in another research field, enterprise management, we delineate a common trend of evolution, and attempt to predict what the future holds for network management. Keywords : Distributed Network Management, Organizational Models, Mobile Code, Management by Delegation, Distributed Objects, Intelligent Agents
A Survey of Distributed Network and Systems Management Paradigms
Since the mid 1990s, network and systems management has steadily evolved from a centralized paradigm, where all the management processing takes place in a single management station, to distributed paradigms, where management is distributed over a potentially large number of nodes. Some of these paradigms, epitomized by the SNMPv2 and CMIP protocols, have been around for several years, whereas a flurry of new ones, based on mobile code, distributed objects or intelligent agents, only recently emerged. The goal of this survey is to classify all major network and systems management paradigms known to date, in order to help network and systems administrators design a management application. In the first part of the survey, we present a simple typology, based on a single criterion: the organizational model. In this typology, all paradigms are grouped into four types: centralized paradigms, weakly distributed hierarchical paradigms, strongly distributed hierarchical paradigms and cooperative paradigms. In the second part of the survey, we gradually build an enhanced typology, based on four criteria: delegation granularity, semantic richness of the information model, degree of specification of a task, and degree of automation of management. Finally, we show how to use our typologies to select a management paradigm in a given context. KEYWORDS Distributed Network Management, Distributed Systems Management, Integrated Management, Mobile Code, Distributed Objects, Intelligent Agents, Typology
A web services based framework for efficient monitoring and event reporting.
Network and Service Management (NSM) is a research discipline with significant research contributions the last 25 years. Despite the numerous standardised solutions that have been proposed for NSM, the quest for an "all encompassing technology" still continues. A new technology introduced lately to address NSM problems is Web Services (WS). Despite the research effort put into WS and their potential for addressing NSM objectives, there are efficiency, interoperability, etc issues that need to be solved before using WS for NSM. This thesis looks at two techniques to increase the efficiency of WS management applications so that the latter can be used for efficient monitoring and event reporting. The first is a query tool we built that can be used for efficient retrieval of management state data close to the devices where they are hosted. The second technique is policies used to delegate a number of tasks from a manager to an agent to make WS-based event reporting systems more efficient. We tested the performance of these mechanisms by incorporating them in a custom monitoring and event reporting framework and supporting systems we have built, against other similar mechanisms (XPath) that have been proposed for the same tasks, as well as previous technologies such as SNMP. Through these tests we have shown that these mechanisms are capable of allowing us to use WS efficiently in various monitoring and event reporting scenarios. Having shown the potential of our techniques we also present the design and implementation challenges for building a GUI tool to support and enhance the above systems with extra capabilities. In summary, we expect that other problems WS face will be solved in the near future, making WS a capable platform for it to be used for NSM
Modelo de arquitectura para gestión cooperativa de sistemas y servicios distribuidos basado en agentes autónomos
La creciente complejidad, heterogeneidad y dinamismo inherente a las redes de telecomunicaciones,
los sistemas distribuidos y los servicios avanzados de información
y comunicación emergentes, así como el incremento de su criticidad e importancia
estratégica, requieren la adopción de tecnologías cada vez más sofisticadas para su
gestión, su coordinación y su integración por parte de los operadores de red, los
proveedores de servicio y las empresas, como usuarios finales de los mismos, con el
fin de garantizar niveles adecuados de funcionalidad, rendimiento y fiabilidad.
Las estrategias de gestión adoptadas tradicionalmente adolecen de seguir modelos
excesivamente estáticos y centralizados, con un elevado componente de supervisión
y difícilmente escalables. La acuciante necesidad por flexibilizar esta gestión y
hacerla a la vez más escalable y robusta, ha provocado en los últimos años un considerable
interés por desarrollar nuevos paradigmas basados en modelos jerárquicos y
distribuidos, como evolución natural de los primeros modelos jerárquicos débilmente
distribuidos que sucedieron al paradigma centralizado. Se crean así nuevos modelos
como son los basados en Gestión por Delegación, en el paradigma de código móvil,
en las tecnologías de objetos distribuidos y en los servicios web. Estas alternativas
se han mostrado enormemente robustas, flexibles y escalables frente a las estrategias
tradicionales de gestión, pero continúan sin resolver aún muchos problemas.
Las líneas actuales de investigación parten del hecho de que muchos problemas
de robustez, escalabilidad y flexibilidad continúan sin ser resueltos por el paradigma
jerárquico-distribuido, y abogan por la migración hacia un paradigma cooperativo
fuertemente distribuido. Estas líneas tienen su germen en la Inteligencia Artificial
Distribuida (DAI) y, más concretamente, en el paradigma de agentes autónomos y
en los Sistemas Multi-agente (MAS). Todas ellas se perfilan en torno a un conjunto
de objetivos que pueden resumirse en alcanzar un mayor grado de autonomía
en la funcionalidad de la gestión y una mayor capacidad de autoconfiguración que
resuelva los problemas de escalabilidad y la necesidad de supervisión presentes en
los sistemas actuales, evolucionar hacia técnicas de control fuertemente distribuido
y cooperativo guiado por la meta y dotar de una mayor riqueza semántica a los
modelos de información. Cada vez más investigadores están empezando a utilizar
agentes para la gestión de redes y sistemas distribuidos. Sin embargo, los límites establecidos
en sus trabajos entre agentes móviles (que siguen el paradigma de código móvil) y agentes autónomos (que realmente siguen el paradigma cooperativo) resultan
difusos. Muchos de estos trabajos se centran en la utilización de agentes móviles,
lo cual, al igual que ocurría con las técnicas de código móvil comentadas anteriormente,
les permite dotar de un mayor componente dinámico al concepto tradicional
de Gestión por Delegación. Con ello se consigue flexibilizar la gestión, distribuir la
lógica de gestión cerca de los datos y distribuir el control. Sin embargo se permanece
en el paradigma jerárquico distribuido. Si bien continúa sin definirse aún una
arquitectura de gestión fiel al paradigma cooperativo fuertemente distribuido, estas
líneas de investigación han puesto de manifiesto serios problemas de adecuación en
los modelos de información, comunicación y organizativo de las arquitecturas de
gestión existentes.
En este contexto, la tesis presenta un modelo de arquitectura para gestión holónica
de sistemas y servicios distribuidos mediante sociedades de agentes autónomos,
cuyos objetivos fundamentales son el incremento del grado de automatización asociado
a las tareas de gestión, el aumento de la escalabilidad de las soluciones de
gestión, soporte para delegación tanto por dominios como por macro-tareas, y un
alto grado de interoperabilidad en entornos abiertos. A partir de estos objetivos
se ha desarrollado un modelo de información formal de tipo semántico, basado en
lógica descriptiva que permite un mayor grado de automatización en la gestión en
base a la utilización de agentes autónomos racionales, capaces de razonar, inferir
e integrar de forma dinámica conocimiento y servicios conceptualizados mediante
el modelo CIM y formalizados a nivel semántico mediante lógica descriptiva. El
modelo de información incluye además un “mapping” a nivel de meta-modelo de
CIM al lenguaje de especificación de ontologías OWL, que supone un significativo
avance en el área de la representación y el intercambio basado en XML de modelos
y meta-información. A nivel de interacción, el modelo aporta un lenguaje de
especificación formal de conversaciones entre agentes basado en la teoría de actos
ilocucionales y aporta una semántica operacional para dicho lenguaje que facilita la
labor de verificación de propiedades formales asociadas al protocolo de interacción.
Se ha desarrollado también un modelo de organización holónico y orientado a roles
cuyas principales características están alineadas con las demandadas por los servicios
distribuidos emergentes e incluyen la ausencia de control central, capacidades
de reestructuración dinámica, capacidades de cooperación, y facilidades de adaptación
a diferentes culturas organizativas. El modelo incluye un submodelo normativo
adecuado al carácter autónomo de los holones de gestión y basado en las lógicas
modales deontológica y de acción.---ABSTRACT---The growing complexity, heterogeneity and dynamism inherent in telecommunications
networks, distributed systems and the emerging advanced information and
communication services, as well as their increased criticality and strategic importance,
calls for the adoption of increasingly more sophisticated technologies for their
management, coordination and integration by network operators, service providers
and end-user companies to assure adequate levels of functionality, performance and
reliability.
The management strategies adopted traditionally follow models that are too
static and centralised, have a high supervision component and are difficult to scale.
The pressing need to flexibilise management and, at the same time, make it more
scalable and robust recently led to a lot of interest in developing new paradigms
based on hierarchical and distributed models, as a natural evolution from the first
weakly distributed hierarchical models that succeeded the centralised paradigm.
Thus new models based on management by delegation, the mobile code paradigm,
distributed objects and web services came into being. These alternatives have turned
out to be enormously robust, flexible and scalable as compared with the traditional
management strategies. However, many problems still remain to be solved.
Current research lines assume that the distributed hierarchical paradigm has as
yet failed to solve many of the problems related to robustness, scalability and flexibility
and advocate migration towards a strongly distributed cooperative paradigm.
These lines of research were spawned by Distributed Artificial Intelligence (DAI)
and, specifically, the autonomous agent paradigm and Multi-Agent Systems (MAS).
They all revolve around a series of objectives, which can be summarised as achieving
greater management functionality autonomy and a greater self-configuration
capability, which solves the problems of scalability and the need for supervision that
plague current systems, evolving towards strongly distributed and goal-driven cooperative
control techniques and semantically enhancing information models. More
and more researchers are starting to use agents for network and distributed systems
management. However, the boundaries established in their work between mobile
agents (that follow the mobile code paradigm) and autonomous agents (that really
follow the cooperative paradigm) are fuzzy. Many of these approximations focus on the use of mobile agents, which, as was the case with the above-mentioned mobile
code techniques, means that they can inject more dynamism into the traditional
concept of management by delegation. Accordingly, they are able to flexibilise management,
distribute management logic about data and distribute control. However,
they remain within the distributed hierarchical paradigm. While a management architecture
faithful to the strongly distributed cooperative paradigm has yet to be
defined, these lines of research have revealed that the information, communication
and organisation models of existing management architectures are far from adequate.
In this context, this dissertation presents an architectural model for the holonic
management of distributed systems and services through autonomous agent societies.
The main objectives of this model are to raise the level of management task
automation, increase the scalability of management solutions, provide support for
delegation by both domains and macro-tasks and achieve a high level of interoperability
in open environments. Bearing in mind these objectives, a descriptive
logic-based formal semantic information model has been developed, which increases
management automation by using rational autonomous agents capable of reasoning,
inferring and dynamically integrating knowledge and services conceptualised
by means of the CIM model and formalised at the semantic level by means of descriptive
logic. The information model also includes a mapping, at the CIM metamodel
level, to the OWL ontology specification language, which amounts to a significant
advance in the field of XML-based model and metainformation representation and
exchange. At the interaction level, the model introduces a formal specification language
(ACSL) of conversations between agents based on speech act theory and contributes
an operational semantics for this language that eases the task of verifying
formal properties associated with the interaction protocol. A role-oriented holonic
organisational model has also been developed, whose main features meet the requirements
demanded by emerging distributed services, including no centralised control,
dynamic restructuring capabilities, cooperative skills and facilities for adaptation to
different organisational cultures. The model includes a normative submodel adapted
to management holon autonomy and based on the deontic and action modal logics
Integriertes System- und Dienste-Management in der industriellen Automation
Die Industrie ist im Wandel. Die Grenzen zwischen Industrien, Anwendungsbereichen und Unternehmen verschwinden immer weiter, sind teils kaum noch in ihrer alten Ausprägung zu erkennen. Auch die industrielle Automation kann und sollte sich diesem Trend nicht entziehen. Immer mehr Technologien und Paradigmen anderer Bereiche gewinnen an Bedeutung. Hinzu kommt, dass die Anzahl und die Vielfalt an Geräten, Anwendungen, Anforderungen und Technologien stetig wächst. Diese Arbeit befasst sich mit Ansätzen, die es ermöglichen, einigen Aspekten der wachsenden Komplexität zu begegnen. Dabei handelt es sich um Technologien und Konzepte zum Thema Management, genauer zum Netzwerk-, System- und Dienste-Management. Ziel ist es nicht nur einen Ansatz zu finden, der gegenwärtigen Ansprüchen genügt, sondern auch noch für kommende Entwicklungen geeignet ist